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8/7/2019 to-infinitives and gerunds
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To infinitives Vs Gerund
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To Infinitive
to + infinitive
e.g. They decided to wait.
e.g. She agreed to come.
As nouns:
e.g. To leave children alone at home is
dangerous.e.g. To be or not to be, that is the question.
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To Infinitive
As object:
e.g. He offered to help me.
As adjectives:e.g. It is time to go.
As adverbs:
e.g. She is anxious to leave.
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Gerund
-ing
e.g. Fishing is fun.
As nouns:
e.g. Surfing the Net is a good way to get
more information.
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Gerund
After most prepositions:
at, in, on, by, of, from
e.g. Bonn is good at sports. After before and after:
e.g. We start the lesson after greeting Miss
Lam.
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Gerund
After these verbs:
avoid, delay, enjoy, finish, mind, practise,
escape, consider, keep, deny, suggest,admit, risk, miss, imagine, dislike
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To VS -ing
I remember doing something.
(I did it and now I remember this.)
VS I remember to do something.
(I remembered that I had to do it, so I did it.)
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To VS -ing
I know I locked the doors. I clearly remember
locking it.
VS I remembered to lock the door but I forgot to
shut the windows.
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To VS -ing
I regret doing something.
(I did it and now Im sorry about it.)
VS I regret to say/ to tell you something.
(Im sorry that I have to say)
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To VS -ing
Go on doing something~
(continue with the same thing)
VS Go on to do something~
(do or say something new)
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To VS -ing
Need to do something
(It is necessary for me to do it)
=> You need to work harder if you want to havebetter results.
VS
Something needs doing
(it needs to be done)
=> The batteries in the radio need charging.
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To VS -ing
Come to do something
(a gradual change)
=> After some years, they came to accept heras a family member.
VS
Come doing something(describe movement)
=> He came hurrying up the path.
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To VS -ing
Go on to do something
(sth is done after sth else is finished)
=> After the intervals, Pavarotti went on tosing another song.
VS
Go on doing something(describe movement)
=> He went on tapping his pen on the table.
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To VS -ing
Mean to do something
(intended to do sth)
=> I meant to phone you last week.VS
Mean doing something
(sth has sth else as a result)=> If we want to get there by 7.00, that means
getting up before 5.00.
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To VS -ing
Regret to do something
(about to do sth which we are not happy about)
=> I regret to inform you that your application has
been unsuccessful.VS
Regret doing something
(already have done sth and we are not happy abtit)
=> Its too late now, but Ill always regret asking
John to do the work.
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To VS -ing
Remember to do something
(remember before the action)
=> Remember to take your bag before goingout.
VS
Remember doing something(remember after the action)
=> I remember going to the bank, but nothing
after that .
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To VS -ing
Stop to do something
(why we stop doing sth)
=> She stops to make a cup of tea.VS
Stop doing something
(what we stop doing)=> They stop laughing.
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To VS -ing
Come to do something
(a gradual change)
=> After some years, they came to accept heras a family member.
VS
Come doing something(describe movement)
=> He came hurrying up the path.
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