TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals. Classifying the Elements metals 2/3 (75%) of elements are metals...
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- Slide 1
- TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals
- Slide 2
- Classifying the Elements metals 2/3 (75%) of elements are
metals non-metalsmetalloids Remaining elements: non-metals &
metalloids (semi-metals) Metalloids: some properties of metals
& some properties of nonmetals Staircase: Staircase: dividing
line between metals & nonmetals elements to left are metals
(except H) elements to right are non-metals
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- Most elements are solid at room temperature Some nonmetals are
gases All the noble gases, of course Some diatomics (H 2 N 2 O 2 F
2 Cl 2 ) There are only 2 Liquids at STP (room temp) Br 2
(non-metal) and Hg (metal)
- Slide 5
- Properties of Metals Malleable flattened into sheets Ductile
drawn into wires & tubes have Luster Good Conductors of heat
& electricity Solid at room temperature (except Hg) Metals are
losersMetals lose electrons & form positive ions Metals are
losers Most reactive metal is Fr Most reactive family is Alkali
Metals
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- Sometals dont want electrons, they want to get rid of them
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- Metals also have Low electronegativity (low attraction for
electrons) Low ionization energy (doesnt take a lot of energy to
remove an electron)
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- Decreased Electronegativity Decreased Ionization energy
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- Properties of Nonmetals generally gases or solids (except Br 2
) solids are Brittle solids are Dull poor conductors of heat &
electricity Nonmetals are winnersNonmetals gain electrons &
form negative ions Nonmetals are winners Most reactive nonmetal is
FMost reactive nonmetal is F Properties: OPPOSITE of metals
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- Sononmetals love electrons, they want to take electrons
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- Nonmetals also have high electronegativity (high attraction for
electrons) high ionization energy (takes a lot of energy to remove
an electron)
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- Increased Electronegativity Increased Ionization energy
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- Properties of Metalloids 7 metalloids: 5 on right of staircase:
B,Si,As,Te,At 2 on left of staircase: Ge,Sb Each metalloid has some
metallic and some nonmetallic properties Example:Si shiny like
metal but brittle like nonmetal Metalloids are elements touching
the stairs (except Al) and have some properties of metals and some
of nonmetals
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- Size of the Atom (Atomic Radius)
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- previousprevious | index | nextindexnext Li: Group 1 Period 2
Cs: Group 1 Period 6 Cs has more energy levels, so its bigger
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- Atomic Radius Gets Bigger
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- previousprevious | index | nextindexnext How about as you go
across?!
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- as go across row size tends to decrease a bit because of
greater PPP proton pulling power previousprevious | index |
nextindexnext
- Slide 19
- Atomic Radius Gets Smaller