Virtues Of Pre Glazing

Virtues of Pre-Glazing

VIRTUES OF PRE-GLAZING

SMI Systems, continuing education program for architects

SMI AIA Provider Number: L407

AIA Course Reference: SMI101

This course qualifies for 1.0 LU AIA/CES credits

For Windborne Debris

Virtues of Pre-Glazing

SMI Systems engineers and manufactures custom window systems for the hurricane market. SMI has over 200 glazier-dealers distributing their products throughout Florida, the eastern seaboard, the Caribbean and Latin America.

Based out of Miami, Florida, SMI has over 60,000 square feet of manufacturing space. SMI’s product line includes a full line of storefront, non-impact, impact and insulated impact as well as unique door products such as showroom doors, radius top doors and the K-2 Breeze.  

SMI Systems is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credits earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members available on request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

Virtues of Pre-Glazing

VIRTUES OF PRE-GLAZING

Participants will learn:

1.  Designing Commercial Buildings for Windborne Debris

2.  Pre-Glazed Systems for Windborne Debris

3.  Product Evaluation for Windborne Debris

4.  Specifying Glazing Systems for Windborne Debris

For Windborne Debris

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WINDBORNE DEBRIS AND CODES

1926, early hurricane damage to property

1936, building code recommended hurricane shutters

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MOST DESTRUCTIVE HURRICANES (ATLANTIC)

Note: damages are listed in US Dollars and are not adjusted for inflation

Source: www.mthhurricane.com

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WATER DAMAGE

Water damage, from hurricanes, to buildings are the number one cause for insured losses

Canal Street, New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina

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DYNAMICS OF A HURRICANE

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•  Air •  Water •  Wind •  Windborne Debris

•  Walls •  Roofs •  Louvers •  Glazed Curtain Wall •  Windows & Doors

MAINTAINING THE BUILDING ENVELOPE

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KEY CONSIDERATIONS FOR HURRICANE PROTECTION

1.  WIND PRESSURE

2.  IMPACT RESISTANCE

3.  WATER PENETRATION

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STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

The primary consideration is maintaining the structural integrity of a building

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WIND SPEED

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WIND SPEED – LOCAL MAPS

Google: Hernando county wind speed map

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IMPACT RESISTANCE

•  Flying Debris

•  Breach the Envelope

•  Water Infiltration

•  Structure Damage

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WINDBORNE DEBRIS

•  Miami-Dade & Florida standards TAS-201, TAS-202, TAS-203 •  TAS: Testing Application Standard

•  201: impact test

•  202: static air pressure (for impact & non-impact)

•  203: cyclic wind pressure loading

•  International Code Council (ICC) reference ASTM E 1886 & ASTM E 1996

15 

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IMPACT TEST

Insert Impact Video 

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Missile Level

Missile Impact Speed feet/sec (mph)

Typical Use

A 2 gram steel ball 130 (89) Above 30 ft Wind Zone 1 through 4

B 2 lb. Lumber 50 (34) Skylights < 30 ft. Wind Zone 2 (Basic)

C 4.5 lb. Lumber 40 (27) Less than 30 ft. Wind Zone 1 & 2 (Basic)

D 9 lb. Lumber 50 (34) Less than 30 ft. Wind Zone 3 & 4 (Basic)

Wind Zone 1 & 2 (Enhanced)

E 9 lb. Lumber 80 (55) Less than 30 ft. Wind Zone 3 & 4 (Enhanced)

IMPACT MISSIEL REQUIREMENTS

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WIND ZONE & MISSILE TYPES

ASTM E1996  MPH & Loca1on  Basic Protec1on <=30’          >30’ 

Enhanced Protec1on <=30’             >30’ 

Wind Zone 1  110 – 120+ (Hawaii) 

       C           A        D            D 

Wind Zone 2  120 – 130 > 1 mile from coast 

       C           A        D            D 

Wind Zone 3  130 – 140 or 120 – 140  < 1 mile from coast 

       D           A        E             D 

Wind Zone 4  > 140 South Florida 

       D           A        E             D 

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FLORIDA WIND ZONES

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SMALL & LARGE MISSILE REQUIREMENTS

Small Missile Above 30 feet

Less than 30 feet Large Missile

Note: missile size based on protections classification and wind zone

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•  Simulate positive and negative pressures

•  Determines the approved design pressures

•  9,000 total cycles

•  Cycling occurs after impact

•  **1342 cycles for non-glazed products (i.e. shutters, storm panels)

CYCLICAL PRESSURE TESTING

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CYCLICAL TEST VIDEO

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CYCLIC STATIC AIR PRESSURE LOADING

Loading Sequence  Air Pressure Direc1ons  Design Pressure (%)  Number of Cycles 

1 Positive 0.2 to 0.5 P+ 3,500

2 Positive 0.0 to 0.6 P+ 300

3 Positive 0.5 to 0.8 P+ 600

4 Positive 0.3 to 1.0 P+ 100

5 Negative 0.3 to 1.0 P- 50

6 Negative 0.5 to 0.8 P- 1,050

7 Negative 0.0 to 0.6 P- 50

8 Negative 0.2 to 0.5 P- 3,350

Total 9,000

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WATER PENETRATION

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WATER PENETRATION TESTING

•  Testing simulates wind-driven rain

•  ASTM E 547 test methods

•  Passing the test

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WATER TEST VIDEO

Insert Water Test Video 

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Each glazing component is critical to the overall glazing system design and overall performance

•  Glass •  Extrusions •  Sealants •  Hardware •  Fasteners

GLAZING COMPONENTS

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IMPACT-RESISTANT GLASS

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Glass wants to pull out of frame, structural bond is critical

Positive/negative pressures from cycling 50 to 200+ PSF

FASTENERS & STRUCTURAL BOND

Types of fasteners and locations must follow specifications

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EXTRUSIONS & HARDWARE

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GLASS ATTACHMENT METHODS

Inside Glazed versus Outside Glazed

2

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PRE-GLAZED SYSTEMS

Pre-glazed systems offer the best defense to water penetration and are cost competitive

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COMMERCIAL PRE-GLAZED SYSTEMS

Practically any type of commercial glazing system can be pre-glazed

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COMMERCIAL GLAZING METHODS

Stick System

Unitized (pre-glazed) System

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STICK SYSTEMS

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FIELD FABRICATION PROCESS

1.  Stock lengths of aluminum delivered to the field

2.  Aluminum cut to dimensions on chop-saw

3.  Installation holes drilled to specifications in cut lengths

4.  Sealant applied to adjoining edges

5.  Frame assembled with fasteners

6.  Assembled frame installed into opening

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FIELD FABRICATION - POTENTIAL ISSUE

1.  Stock lengths delivered to job site

2.  Aluminum cut to dimensions

3.  Installation holes drilled to specifications

4.  Sealant applied to adjoining edges

5.  Frame assembled with fasteners

6.  Assembled frame installed into opening

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PRE-GLAZED SYSTEMS

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PRE-GLAZED: FACTORY ADVANTAGES

1.  Maximizes aluminum yield

2.  Precise aluminum cutting

3.  Precise installation holes prep

4.  Insures use of proper fasteners

5.  Proper silicone application

6.  Controlled environment for frame sealant

7.  Controlled environment for silicone

8.  Packaging to minimize damage

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PRE-GLAZED: FIELD ADVANTAGES

1.  Minimizes product handling

2.  Lowers jobsite traffic

3.  Reduces field labor

4.  Reduces trips to jobsite

5.  Increases jobsite safety

6.  Minimizes frame racking

7.  Reduces field mistakes

8.  Quicker dry-in time

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PRE-GLAZING: COST SAVINGS

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PRE-GLAZED BENEFITS

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2 midtown - Miami, FL

Design Concern: Project had short timetable and glazing contractor was new to area

Product Considerations: Traditional commercial storefront or pre-glazed storefront

Decision: Pre-glazed storefront Reasons:

• Pre-glazing minimized concern over inexperienced glazier fabricating product

• The rapid timeframe also warranted the fastest install possible

•  Additionally, the windows required applied muntins which would have been extremely difficult to apply on the exterior after installation

Result: Project stayed on time and the glazier was able to focus on installation vs. fabrication

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2 midtown

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GLAZING SYSTEM DESIGN

•  Test performance •  Real life performance •  Ease of installation •  Ease of use •  Project longevity •  Aesthetics •  Warranties •  Customer satisfaction

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•  Glass Type

•  Sealant Type

•  Glass Bite

•  Glazing Method

•  Extrusion Thickness

•  Stainless Steel Hardware

•  Quality Vendors

QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS

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PRODUCT SELECTION: RESOURCES

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PRODUCT SELECTION: PRODUCT DESIGN

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NOTICE OF ACCEPTANCE: NOA’S

Visit: www.miamidade.gov/buildingcode

Virtues of Pre-Glazing Example of manufacturers installation specifications (NOA)

PRODUCT SELECTION: INSTALLATION CONDITIONS

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PRODUCT SELECTION: WINDOW MANUFACTURER

Virtues of Pre-Glazing Example of manufacturers limited warranty

PRODUCT SELECTION: MANUFACTURER WARRANTY

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Example of manufacturers installation manual

PRODUCT SELECTION: INSTALLATION MANUAL

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Protect yourself and your clients by doing your due diligence

DUE DILIGENCE

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Northlake Corporate Park - Miami, FL

Design Concern: Four buildings, 60,000 s.f. office complex with existing tentants

Product Considerations: Traditional commercial storefront or pre-glazed storefront

Decision: Pre-glazed storefront Reasons:

• Speed of tear out and replacement • Concern over prior water intrusion caused by

previous poor installation and fabrication on the jobsite

Results: • No tenant was inconvenienced more than one day • No water intrusion since installation (hurricane

Francis, Jeanne and Wilma)

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PRE-GLAZED SYSTEMS

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Thank You For additional information on impact windows and doors please visit: www.impactglass.com