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COMPOSITION OF NUCLEOTIDE
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Prof vkmBIOTHE BIOWORLD
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GENE: ITS NATURE,
EXPRESSION AND
REGULATION
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GENE-1
Nucleic Acid:
Composition Of
Nucleotide
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Nucleic acids: history
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NUCLEIC ACIDS: HISTORY Johannes Fridrich Miescher, a
Swiss biologist who discovered a protamine in the sperms of salmon in 1870.
He also isolated nucleic acids from the nuclei of pus cells (dead white blood cells) in 1869 at the university of tubingen in Germany
Later also isolated from the sperms of salmon fish, He Called As ‘Nuclein’
It Was Called Nucleic Acids By Altman
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Nucleic Acids
RNA DNA
Ribose Nucleic Acid
DeoxyRibose Nucleic Acid
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NUCLEIC ACID
Nucleic Acid Molecule Is A Polymer Of Nucleotides
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COMPONENT OF NUCLEOTIDENUCLEOTIDE
PHOSPHORIC ACID
NUCLEOSIDE
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COMPONENT OF NUCLEOTIDE
NUCLEOTIDEPHOSPHORIC ACID
NUCLEOSIDE
PENTOSE SUGAR
NITROGENBASE
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PHOSPHORIC ACID
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PENTOSE SUGARPENTOSE SUGARRIBOSE
(C5H10O5)
DEOXY-RIBOSE (C5H10O4)
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PENTOSE SUGAR: DNA AND RNA
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PENTOSE SUGAR: DNA AND RNA
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NITROGEN BASES
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COMPONENT OF NUCLEOTIDE
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COMPONENT OF NUCLEOTIDE
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COMPONENT OF NUCLEOTIDE
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Can you think of difference between the
Nucleotides and nucleosides Ribose and deoxyribose sugar Purine and pyrimidine bases.
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TYPES OF NUCLEOSIDE
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TYPES OF NUCLEOTIDE
DNA
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DNAEUKARYOTIC DNA
NUCLEAR DNA
ORGANELLAR DNA
PROKARYOTIC DNAMAIN / CHROMOSOMAL DNA
EXTRACHROMOSOMAL DNA/ PLASMIDS
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EUKARYOTIC DNA
NUCLEAR
MITOCHONDRIA
CHLOROPLAST
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NUCLEAR DNA EXTRA NUCELAR DNA
Found in the nucleus
Found in the cell organelles like
mitochondria and chloroplast
Linear and double stranded
Circular and double stranded
Associated with the inheritance/here
dity
Associated with replication of mitochondria and
chloroplasts
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EUKARYOTIC NUCLEAR DNA
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EUKARYOTIC: ORGANELLAR
DNA
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EUKARYOTIC NUCLEAR DNA
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EUKARYOTIC NUCLEAR DNA For Eukaryotic Cells, Number Of DNA Molecules Corresponds To Number Of Chromosomes Per Cell
DNA Content Is Constant In All Somatic Cells (2n) Of A Given Species
The Gametes (n) Have Half The Amount Of DNA As They Contain Half The Number Of Chromosomes
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NEET ALERTThe length of DNA is usually defined as number of nucleotides (or a pair of nucleotides referred to as base pairs) present in it.
A haploid content of human DNA is 3.3х109 bp
Escherichia coli has 4.6 х106 bp
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PROKARYOTIC DNA
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PROKARYOTIC DNA
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PROKARYOTIC DNA
Main/Chromosomal DNA
Found in the cytoplasm attached to the cell membrane
Circular and double stranded
Responsible for inheritance/heredity
Extra-chromosomal DNA
Circular and double stranded but not attached to the cell membrane
Responsible for the additional properties like toxicity resistance, antibiotic resistance etc
Chromosomal DNA
Plasmid DNA
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ANTIBIOTIC
RESISTANCE
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Prof vkmBIOTHE BIOWORLD
biologyvm@facebook.com09820469492
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