Washington State Steelhead Stock Status Review

Washington State SteelheadWashington State SteelheadStock Status ReviewStock Status Review

PACIFIC COAST STEELHEAD MEETING

AMILEE WILSON

WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT

OF FISH & WILDLIFE

MARCH 2004

NOAA Determination of Washington State Steelhead Status by ESU

Not Warranted for listing– Puget Sound (Coastal Steelhead)– Olympic Peninsula (Coastal Steelhead)– Southwest Washington (Coastal Steelhead)

Threatened– L. Columbia River Sys. (Coastal Steelhead)– M. Columbia River Sys. (Inland Steelhead)– Snake River Basin (Inland Steelhead)

Endangered– U. Columbia River Sys. (Inland Steelhead)

LowerColumbia

OlympicPeninsula

SouthwestWashington

MiddleColumbia River

SnakeRiver

UpperColumbiaRiver

Not Warranted

Threatened

Endangered Washington State Steelhead ESUs

PugetSound

Which is it: SASSI or SaSI?

SASSI (1992) SaSI (2002) All anadromous

species including Chinook, Chum, Coho, Pink, Sockeye, and Steelhead.

Salmon and Steelhead Stock Inventory

Inclusion of Bull Trout/Dolly Varden (1997) and Cutthroat Trout (2000) stock inventories.

Salmonid Stock Inventory

Salmonid Stock Breakdown for Washington State

Washington State SaSI Regions

South Coast12%

North Coast19%

Hood Canal8%

Strait of Juan de Fuca10%

Snake River2%Mid-Columbia

Upper Columbia 2%

Lower Columbia18%

North Puget Sound16%

South Puget Sound9%

Summary of 2002 SaSI Stock Ratings

1992: 137 stocks– Healthy: 36 = 26%

– Depressed: 42 = 31%

– Critical: 1 = 1%

– Unknown: 58 = 42%

2002: 137 stocks– Healthy: 28 = 20%

– Depressed: 41 = 30%

– Critical: 1 = 1%

– Unknown: 66 = 48%

– Not Rated: 1 = 1%

Note: The first three WA State SaSI ratings are only conceptually compatible with color-coded NOAA Fisheries ratings.

Summary of 2002 SaSI Stock Ratings

Status of Washington Steelhead Stocks for 1992

HealthyDepressedCriticalUnknown

Status of Washington Steelhead Stocks for 2002

HealthyDepressedCriticalUnknown

LowerColumbia

OlympicPeninsula

SouthwestWashington

Middle Columbia River

SnakeRiver

UpperColumbiaRiver

Not Warranted

Threatened

Endangered

Washington State Steelhead ESUs

PugetSound

Puget Sound ESU – Not Warranted

Skagit River System (Puget Sound ESU)

• Production in the mainstem & tributaries appears to be very poor at present

• 1992 - Healthy; 2002 – Depressed or Unknown

Skagit System Winter Steelhead

02000400060008000

100001200014000

Snohomish River System (Puget Sound ESU)

• Strong system recovery from early eighties to consistently meet EG of 6500 until the year 1999

• Majority of stocks: 1992 - Healthy; 2002 - Depressed

Snohomish System Winter Steelhead

Stillaguamish/Deer Creek (Puget Sound ESU)

Deer Creek Summer Steelhead

010203040506070

• 2002 status reflects improved overwintering habitat and increased parr-to-smolt survival and adult returns following the flooding in 1995

• 1992 – Critical; 2002 - Depressed

Green River (Puget Sound ESU)

Green River Winter Steelhead

10001500200025003000

• Escapements have generally varied within a range of 25%

above or below the escapement goal of 2,000 spawners.

• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 - Healthy

LowerColumbia

OlympicPeninsula

SouthwestWashington

SnakeRiver

UpperColumbiaRiver

Not Warranted

Threatened

Endangered

PugetSound

Olympic Peninsula ESU – Not Warranted

Quillayute River (Olympic Peninsula ESU)

Quillayute System Winter Steelhead

• Historical bright spot for wild winter steelhead and seems to be maintaining good habitat

Queets River (Olympic Peninsula ESU)

Queets System Winter Steelhead

1000019

• No agreed to Esc. Goal

Quinault River (Olympic Peninsula ESU)

Quinault Winter Steelhead

10001500200025003000

• A wild stock with natural production• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 - Healthy

LowerColumbia

OlympicPeninsula

SouthwestWashington

SnakeRiver

UpperColumbiaRiver

Not Warranted

Threatened

Endangered

PugetSound

SW Washington ESU – Not Warranted

Humptulips River (SW Washington ESU)

Humptulips Winter Steelhead

500019

• Sustained a long decline, but seems to be stabilizing• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 – Depressed

Chehalis River (SW Washington ESU)

Chehalis Winter Steelhead

• Escapements have been high and relatively stable from 2000 to 2003

• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 – Healthy

LowerColumbia

OlympicPeninsula

SouthwestWashington

SnakeRiver

UpperColumbiaRiver

Not WarrantedThreatened

Endangered

PugetSound

L. Columbia River ESU - Threatened

Toutle River (Lower Columbia River ESU)

South Fork Toutle Winter Steelhead

• Chronically low escapements from 1994 to 2001• 1992 - Healthy; 2002 – Depressed

Lewis River (Lower Columbia River ESU)

East Fork Lewis Winter Steelhead

100150200250300

• Chronically low escapements; new escapement index established in 1997 but its relationship to the previous escapement index is currently unknown

• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed

Kalama River – (Lower Columbia River ESU)

• Escapements in 1998 through 2001 have been only 14% to 33% of the goal

• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed

Kalama Summer Steelhead

250019

LowerColumbia

OlympicPeninsula

SouthwestWashington

MiddleColumbia

SnakeRiver

UpperColumbiaRiver

Not Warranted

Threatened

Endangered

PugetSound

M. Columbia River ESU - Threatened

Touchet River (Mid Columbia ESU)

Touchet Summer Steelhead

0200400600800

10001200

• Data gaps hurt status determination• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed

Yakima River (Mid Columbia River ESU)

Yakima Summer Steelhead

100015002000250030003500

• Unexpected up turn in wild escapement• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed

U. Columbia River ESU - Endangered

LowerColumbia

OlympicPeninsula

SouthwestWashington

SnakeRiver

UpperColumbiaRiver

Not Warranted

Threatened

Endangered

PugetSound

Counts from Priest Rapids Dam represent all fish returning to the Upper Columbia River ESU

No SaSI Stock – (Upper Columbia ESU)

Priest Rapids Dam Returns

100001500020000250003000035000

WildTotal Runsize

Methow/Okanogan Summer Steelhead (Upper Columbia ESU)

• Counts from the Wells Dam• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed

Methow/Okanogan Summer Steelhead

LowerColumbia

OlympicPeninsula

SouthwestWashington

Middle Columbia RiverSnakeRiver

UpperColumbiaRiver

Not Warranted

Threatened

Endangered

PugetSound

Snake River Basin ESU - Threatened

Tucannon River (Snake River Basin ESU)

Tucannon Summer Steelhead

• Possible up-ward trend despite data gaps• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed

Asotin Creek (Snake River Basin ESU)

Asotin Creek Summer Steelhead

0100200300400500600700

• Data gaps hurt status determination• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed

Conclusions

Increase and maintain the number of Healthy stocks– How should we manage the 41 Depressed stocks?

Multitude of “Unknown” stocks– Fisheries lost– Harvest no longer a source of data – 2 year steelhead moratorium– Weather conditions make it impossible to survey most

summer steelhead populations

Washington State Steelhead Stock Status Review

Documents

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