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Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque (IRSA)Water Research Institute
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)National Research Council of Italy
M I L A N O R O M A B A R I
Alfieri POLLICE, PhD
< alfieri.pollice@cnr.it >
What we do
ROMAHead office,
Central administration,Lab. of microbiology
BARIDept. of water chemistry
and technology
MILANODept. of applied
hydrobiology
• Water, wastewater,and sludge treatments
• Analytical methods• Water resources management
• Planning, services• Water microbiology
• Environmental monitoring• Ecotoxicology (surface and
groundwater)
Main figures(2013)
65 scientists25 technicians10 administratives70 contracts, fellowships, PhDs, etc.
Turnover: 2,8 M€ 2,5 M€ external projects0,3 M€ govt. funding
Human capital: about 170 people
IRSA-Bari (18,000 m2) View of the whole Institute
IRSA-Bari Main building
IRSA-BariLaboratories (1000 m2)
System for Thermal Diagnostic Studies
HPLC/MS
GC/MS
IRSA-BariThe pilot hall
IRSA-Bari Bench scale plants
Wastewater Treatments
General aims of the activities in this area
1. Study and develop new processes for treating:• Municipal wastewater,• Industrial wastewater,• Surface and groundwater,• Wastewater treatment byproducts (sludge, odours, etc.).
2. Testing technologies for water cycle sustainability:• Agricultural effluent reuse,• Groundwater recharge,• Industrial wastewater recycle,• Operational optimization (sludge minimization, energy
savings, etc.)
Strongly ruralRuralModerately ruralUrbanStrongly urban
Rainfall (1960-2010)
Puglia: 600-650 mm/year136 m3/capita per yearabsence of permanent rivers/natural lakes
Cultivated 79%
Irrigated 19%
Other 21%
Land use
Puglia – Available water and land use
Wastewater treatment and effluent reuse
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Agricultural Civil Industrial
Destination
Co
nsu
mp
tion
(Mm
3 /y)
External Resources (border regions)
Regional Resources (groundwater)
Total Regional Water demand
1500 Mm3/y
Municipal wastewater potentially available for reuse in irrigation: • Total estimate 150 Mm3/year• Tertiary wastewater treatment plants currently available 90 Mm3/year
Further advantages:• Nutrient recovery• Continuous supply
Water demand in Puglia
Savings on primary resources = 10%
Piano di Tutela delle Acque della Regione Puglia (2007) / Regional Water Plan of Puglia (2007)
Opportunities of reuse for irrigation in Puglia
Conventional wastewater treatment (activated sludge)
Primarysettling
Pre-treatment
Activatedsludge
Secondarysettling
Rawwaste
Tertiarytreatments
Standards for discharge
Standards for reuseB) polishing
Water body(river/lake/sea)
A) upgrade or
Treated wastewater reuse in irrigation
Primarysettling
Pre-treatment
Activatedsludge
Rawwastewater
A) Upgrade of activated sludge process (Membrane Bioreactors – MBR)
ultra FILTR
DISINF Effluent for irrigation
IRSA demo-scale activities: Surface filtration combined to biological processes
B) Polishing: Tertiary surface filtration processesDISINF
micro FILTR
ultra FILTR
DISINF
From treatment for effluent disposalto water production for irrigation
• Study of processes based on low pressure surface filtration for the production of water suitable for irrigation, study of microbiological quality and nutrient conservation.
• IRSA’s main research projects on treated effluent reuse:POM (2000-2002) - national,PON – Aquatec (2002-2006) - national,FP6 – Reclaim Water (2005-2008) – EU,PRIN (2010-2012) - national,PON – Interra (2011-2015) (also agro-industrial ww) - national,FP7 KBBE – Water4Crops (2012-2016) - EU-India,FP7 Inno-Demo – Demoware (2013-2016) - EU.
IRSA activities on surface filtration for wastewater treatment and reuse
Case study 1 (PON Aquatec 2000/2006):Tertiary membrane filtration
Cerignola WWTP50,000 P.E.
Test field2000 m2
Tertiary treatment (membrane) and storage tanks
Pilot plant of 700 L/h
Membrane flux: 30 L/m2/h
Membrane surface: 23,5 m2
WWTPoutlet
WWTPinfluent
2) GDF + UV Secondary effluent
2
1) IFAS-MBR + UVPre-screened wastewater
1
SETTLERS
ACTIVATED SLUDGE
SETTLERS
FILTR.CHLOR.COAG.-
FLOC.-SED.
test
fiel
d
Case study 2 (PON Interra/FP7 Water4Crops 2011/2016):
IFAS-MBR and FDG for direct irrigation
Test field (3000 m2)Horticulture irrigated with treated effluents (including the WWTP outlet) and control (well water)
15mm
15mm
UV disinfection
0.3-0.8 m3/h Storage tanks (30m3)
UV on demand
(*) Integrated Fixed film-Activated Sludge Membrane BioReactor
Treated wastewater reuse in irrigation: PILOT PLANTIFAS-MBR(*) with on-demand UV disinfection
Test field
GDF – Cloth filtration (polyester), pores of 20µm
Open channel UV-C disinfection
n. 6 lamps(Hg vapor)
25m3/h
Treated wastewater reuse in irrigation: PILOT PLANTGravity Disk Filter (GDF) with on-demand UV disinfection
UV on demand
Test fieldIN = secondary
effluent
Case study 3 (PON Interra/FP7 Demoware 2011/2016):Recycle of agro-industrial wastewater for irrigation
discharge
+ tertiarytreatment
irrigation
WWTPWW
• 12-15 mc/h• Quality/quantity
fluctuations• Tertiary treatment• Sand filtration• Membrane filtration• UV on-demand
Case study 4:Full scale tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater
for direct reuse at Fasano (BR) - (Aquasoil s.r.l.)
Tertiary treatment plant (8000 m3/d);
Treated wastewater to 48 users (about 600 hectares).
30 km water distribution network;
MBR
TEST FIELD irrigated with treated wastewater (MBR effluent) + E. coli
Persistence of E. coli in surface soil and on grass ?
E. coli (and NO3) transfer through soil layers… possibly to groundwter ?
Soil columns irrigated with partially treated real wastewater
Case study 5 (PRIN 2010-2012):Fate of E. Coli in irrigation with treated wastewater
Pilot scale MBRQ=15 L/hSRT=25 days; HRT=6 hProd./Relax=3h/6min
Vergine P. et al. (2015) - Fate of the fecal indicator Escherichia coli in irrigation with partially treated wastewater. Water Research, 85, 66-73.
Nylon net (pores of 20-50 µm)
The “cake” (self-forming) is the actual filtering material
• Are synthetic membranes the best material for wastewater treatment ?• Are there less expensive materials that may provide effluent quality
suitable for reuse ?• Can we use the ’’cake’’ (biological sludge layer) as a filtration tool ?
Industrial and municipal wastewater treatment:NOVEL BIOPROCESS Self-forming Dynamic MBR
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
alfieri.pollice@cnr.it
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