We will explore: Human Structure and Organization The Importance of the Systems Within the Body

We will explore:

Human Structure and OrganizationThe Importance of the Systems Within

the Body

Anatomy study of the structure & shape of the body and it’s parts & their relationship to one another PhysiologyStudy of how the body works (function) Anatomy & Physiology Structure & Function

Atoms and Molecules Organelles Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism

Chemical Level—simplest; atoms combine to form molecules of sugar, water & proteins

Cellular Level—arranged by combinations of molecules

Cells—smallest unit of all living things Tissue Level—groups of similar cells

performing similar functions Organ Level—2 or more tissue types

that perform a specific function Organ System—groups of organs that

cooperate to accomplish common purpose

Organism—all systems working together

Integumentary System Skeletal SystemMuscular System Nervous SystemEndocrine System Circulatory

SystemRespiratory System Digestive SystemUrinary System

Reproductive SystemImmune System

external covering, waterproofs the body, cushions & protects deeper tissue, regulates body temperature, receptors alert us to what happens on the surface of the skin

Bones / Cartilage / Ligaments / Joints

Framework Protective function ( Skull / Ribs ) Storehouse for minerals ( Calcium ) Hematopoesis---formation of blood

cells

Three types of muscle tissue:Smooth, Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Tissue

Cells contract to move somethingSmooth –works to move blood or food alongCardiac—found in the heart to move bloodSkeletal—contracts to move the body around

HumanMuscle Tissues:Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

Brain / Spinal Column / Nerves / Sense

Receptors

Body’s control system Brain works to control body processes Stimuli is detected & addressed with

impulses that run along “pathways”

Composed of Glands and Hormones

Endocrine Glands release Hormones into the blood

Hormones reach Target Cells and act to modify or change cellular activity

Hormones are carriedin the bloodstream to the places where they are needed

Cardiovascular Division:heart, arteries, capillaries,

veins

*Blood carries substances to & from the body’s tissues

*Heart = Blood pump*Arteries and Veins = Tubes that carry blood*Capillaries= Connect arteries to veins

= Place of Gas Exchange in blood

Lymphatic Division: Excess fluid is taken out of the blood Excess fluid is cleaned and returned

lymph vessels / lymph nodes / lymph organs (such as the spleen, thymus gland & tonsils)

Respiratory pathway leading to the lungscomprised of: Oral Cavity, Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Bronchi

Function Gas Exchange inside the lungs Oxygen in // Carbon Dioxide out

Function Break down food into smaller piecesand deliver nutrients to the body

Comprised of:Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach and

the Intestines (with help from the Liver and

Pancreas)

Comprised of the Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder and Urethra

Function Filter blood through the kidneys and eliminate liquid wastes out of the body

Function Continue the human race**The sole purpose of the reproductive

system is to produce new organisms

Male testicles produce sperm Components: Penis, Scrotum, TestesFemale ovaries produce eggs

Components: Ovaries, Uterus, Uterine Tubes,

Vagina

Female Reproductive Male ReproductiveStructures Structures

This system functions to defend the body from foreign substances (internally)

White blood cells are very important for

protection

Viruses and Bacteria can be detrimental to health

**Antibodies are produced to help fight these**