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What Happens Next? Adjusting to College. Advice from Crosby, Stills, Nash & sometimes Young. Linda Locher, Ph.D., Director, Psychological Services 570-577-1604. “You, who are on the road…”. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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What Happens Next? Adjusting to College
Advice from Crosby, Stills, Nash & sometimes Young
Linda Locher, Ph.D., Director, Psychological Services570-577-1604
“You, who are on the road…”
Parents & Students share the same road (college) but it looks very different from one generation to the next.
Who are they “who are on the road” and what are they facing?
Beloit College’s “Mindset List”For the class of 2011: What Berlin wall? Humvees have always been available to the public. They have grown up with bottled water. Nelson Mandela has always been free and a force in South Africa. Rap music has always been mainstream. The NBA season has always gone on and on and on and on. Classmates could include Bart Simpson. Eastern Airlines never “earned their wings” in their lifetime. Wal-Mart has always been a larger retailer than Sears. Stadiums and rock tours have always had corporate names. Fox has always been a network. MTV has never featured music videos. Avatars have nothing to do with Hindu deities. Chavez has nothing to do with iceberg lettuce and everything to do with oil.
Beloit College’s “Mindset List”For the class of 2012: Harry Potter is old enough to be a classmate. GPS satellite navigation systems have always been available. Coke and Pepsi have always used recycled plastic bottles. Clarence Thomas has always sat on the Supreme Court. IBM has never made typewriters. There has always been Pearl Jam. The Tonight Show has always been hosted by Jay Leno. Lenin’s name has never been part of the name of a major city in Russia.
The Soviet Union has never existed. Caller ID has always been available on phones. Club Med resorts have always been places to take the whole family. There have always been charter schools. They have really known only two Presidents of the United States. Iran & Iraq have never been at war with each other. “Whatever” is not part of a question.
The “Generational” differences:A Comparison of Generations
Baby Boomer(1943-1960)
Generation X(1961-1981)
Millennial(1982-2002)
Overall mood Passionate Cynical Practical
View of authority Attacked Ignored Trusted
Academic standards Easing Lax Tightening
Parental role Receding Distant Intruding
Violence & risk-taking
Rising High Conventional
Pop culture Controversial Alienated Bland
Racial/ethnic consciousness
Asserted Accepted Questioned
Cutting-edge fields Arts & humanities Business & high tech Politics & social science
Community service Falling Low Rising
Main arguments About war & country About race & gender About class & culture
The “big” question What does it mean? Does it work? How do we build it?
Generation Myths Baby boomers - Generation of protest, activism, liberalism!?
1969. Less than 1/3 of all undergraduates (28%) had participated in a demonstration.
1970. During the week following the shooting of students at Kent and Jackson state universities, 43% of the nation’s college and universities were entirely unaffected.
1969. Only 33% of undergraduates described themselves as liberal or left of center.
1969. Fifty-nine percent of students came to college to get training and skills for an occupation. Forty-nine percent saw the chief benefit of a college education as increasing their earning power.
Levine & Cureton1998
“You, who are on the road…”
1. Name one thing that you think is easier, and one thing that you think is harder, for college students today as compared with college students and the world a generation ago.
“Must have a code that you can live by…”Measure twice, cut once.You only live once.Golden rule.Platinum rule.
Wisdom from both sides: Despite “whatever”, they listen. (Values) Pencils & erasers. (Perfection isn’t
enough) Dyslexic faculty (Failure is part of growing)
“Must have a code that you can live by…”
2. Identify one value, belief or principle that has guided you in times of difficulty or doubt.
“Become yourself…”
Theory and Research regarding college student development.
Challenges across the years.
Social-Emotional DevelopmentCollege Students ParentsIdentity development - Fidelity Generativity - Care
Intimacy - Love Integrity - Wisdom
The Age of: IdentityInstabilitySelf-focusFeeling in betweenPossibilities
The Age of:Letting goDefining and assessing personal fulfillment in lifeCaring for aging parents - role reversalsTrusting, Faith & Hope
ChallengesStudents Parents
Develop skills of independent practice
Overcome anxiety and develop social comfort
Manage emotions Develop confidence over
narcissism Develop skills of assertiveness,
confrontation and negotiation
Develop skills of involvement “scaffolding” vs. intrusion
Develop skills of shared expectations and shared responsibility
Develop trust and compromise Differentiate between one’s own
expectations and necessities in life
Challenges across the yearsFi
rst Y
ear Students
Transition
Doubt - “Did I make the right choice?”“Will I succeed?”
Separation anxiety - homesickness, loss of childhood security, not being part of the family
Excitement of freedom and Experimentation
Competence & Confidence
Negotiating living with a “stranger”
ParentsTransition
Empty nest - Loss and Freedom
Letting go
Loss of parental identity
Trust
Loss of control
Change in First-Year Students’ Self-Concept Hurtado, S., Sax, L.J., Saenz, V., Harper, C.E., Oseguera, L., Curley, J., Lopez, L., Wolf, D., Arellano. L. (2007). Findings from the 2005 administration of Your First College Year (YFCY): National Aggregates. Los Angeles: Higher Education Research Institute.
Percent rating themselves “above average” or “highest 10%” relative to their peers on the following measures of self-concept:
At college entry
At the end of the 1st college year
Change
Self-understanding 52.3 56.7 +4.4
Spirituality 37.4 41.1 +3.7
Writing ability 50.8 54.1 +3.3
Forgiveness 56.6 59.8 +3.2
Cooperativeness 70.4 73.3 +2.9
Emotional health 51.6 53.9 +2.3
Artistic ability 30.6 32.1 +1.5
Change in First-Year Students’ Self-Concept
Percent rating themselves “above average” or “highest 10%” relative to their peers on the following measures of self-concept:
At college entry
At the end of the 1st college year
Change
Physical health 51.4 50.8 -0.6
Intellectual self-confidence 59.2 58.5 -0.7
Mathematical ability 48.2 44.9 -3.3
Drive to achieve 76.1 71.3 -4.8
Academic ability 76.5 68.4 -8.1
Change in Student Behaviors Over One Year
Percent indicating that they…“Frequently” or “occasionally”:
At college entry
At end of 1st college year
Change
Drink Beer 41.6 54.5 +12.9
Drink wine or liquor 50.4 62.0 +11.6
Participate in organized demonstrations
45.1 39.0 -6.1
Attend a religious service 81.2 56.4 -24.8
Perform volunteer work 87.3 61.5 -25.8
Change in Student Behaviors Over One Year
Percent indicating that they…“Frequently”:
At college entry
At end of 1st college year
Change
Feel overwhelmed 29.7 39.9 +10.2
Feel depressed 7.3 12.4 +5.1
Smoke cigarettes 4.1 6.6 +2.5
Discuss politics 28.2 20.7 -7.5
Socialize with someone of other ethnic group
69.9 57.2 -12.7
Challenges across the yearsS
opho
mor
eStudents
Allegiances & Decisions
Hall-mates new and old
Fraternity & Sorority membership
What does “Home” mean?
Decisions about majors
Has the relationship lasted?
Parents
Allegiances & Decisions
How do I divide time among other children, job, new interests & my college student?
Rejection - Do I convert his/her room? Why doesn’t she/he want to come?
Elder parent care
How much to I give advice, money, problem-solve and how much do I let my son/daughter take responsibility and consequences?
Challenges across the yearsJu
niorStudents
Stretching & Resilience
In-depth involvement in major and sport
Assuming leadership roles
Decisions about studying abroad & Culture shock adjustments
Relationships intensifying - commitment questions
Parents
Stretching & Resilience
How do I parent an adult child?
How do I welcome a possible future son/daughter-in-law?
What expectations do I have for my son/daughter to contribute to the family?
How do I let my son/daughter help me?
Challenges across the yearsS
enio
r Students
Transition
Self-reliance & Intimacy
Good-byes
Excitement and anxiety about possibilities
Commitments - to job, relationships, contributions to society,family
Parents
Transition
Pride & Anxiety
Good-byes
New life goals & roles for personal fulfillment
Am I ready for becoming a grandparent?
“Become yourself…”
3. Name one thing that makes you different from your son or daughter (answered by parents) from your mother or father (answered by students)Name one thing that makes your similar...
“And you, of tender years, Can’t know the fears That your elders grew by…”
Helicopter parents? Taking on the responsibilities as an
adult child - son/daughter
“Helicopter” Parents?Lafayette College’s First-year Parents’ & Students’
Survey (1999)
How close are you to your child entering college?Not close Somewhat close Close Very close
.5% 7.4% 28.0% 64.0%
During the college years, I expect to be involved in the decisions my son or daughter makes about: (Parents’ responses are in green, Students’ responses in red)
Item Disagree Somewhat Disagree
Somewhat Agree
Agree
Choosing a career 9.0 7.1 14.3 29.5 49.2 34.9 27.5 18.5
Choosing a boyfriend/girlfriend 48.9 61.6 31.9 33.6 18.6 3.4 .5 1.4Having sexual relationships 39.4 65.5 33.0 26.8 22.3 4.9 5.3 2.8Drinking alcohol 21.8 50.7 29.3 22.9 30.3 17.4 18.6 9.0Choosing classes each sem. 5.8 14.4 19.6 26.7 52.4 39.7 22.2 19.2
“Helicopter” Parents?Lafayette College’s First-year Parents’ & Students’
Survey (1999)
I expect to be notified by the college when…
(Parents’ responses are in green, Students’ responses in red)
Item Disagree Somewhat Disagree
Somewhat Agree
Agree
My student is missing a class regularly
6.8 9.7 4.7 15.2 13.2 32.4 75.3 42.8
My student is found guilty of a minor disciplinary violation
11.1 22.1 19.5 26.5 22.6 28.3 46.8 22.8
My student is found guilty of a major disciplinary violation
5.3 4.1 0.0 1.4 3.2 20.7 91.6 73.8
My student is doing poorly academically
4.7 4.8 2.6 8.3 8.9 33.1 83.7 53.8
My student is having a conflict with a roommate
13.2 20.7 24.3 42.8 32.3 28.3 30.2 14.5
“And you, of tender years, Can’t know the fears That your elders grew by…”
4. Identify one challenge you expect to face this year. How could your parents/son or daughter help you with this challenge?
“ Feed them on your dreams…” Taking on the responsibilities as an
adult son/daughter Dialogue - Initiative - “nature abhors a
vacuum” Negotiate - Give and take Empathic perspective - Recognize flaws
in parents & self
Talking about My Generation’s GoalsThe Pew Research Center for The People & The Press. (2007). How young people view their lives, futures and politics: A portrait of “Generation Next”, Washington: Pew Research Center.
Your generation’s most important goals in life?
Gen Next(18-25)
%
Gen X(26-40)
%To get rich 81 62
To be famous 51 29
To help people who need help 30 36
To be leaders in their community 22 33
To become more spiritual 10 31
None of these 2 2
Don’t know 1 1
Source: 2006 Gen Next Survey. Respondents were asked to choose the most important and next most important goals from these five options.
2007 College Senior Survey Institutional Profile – 17,156 respondents from Private 4yr. colleges
Item %Becoming accomplished in one of the performing arts 17.8Becoming an authority in my field 63.2Obtaining recognition from my colleagues… 56.4
Influencing political structure 26.5Influencing social values 52.7Being very well off financially 59.3Helping others who are in difficulty 77.7Becoming involved in programs to clean up the environment
30.4
Developing a meaningful philosophy of life 58.2Participating in a community action program 37.3Improving my understanding of other countries and cultures
60.6
Helping to promote racial understanding 39.9
Student objectives noted as “essential” or “very important”
“ Feed them on your dreams…”
5. Identify one thing you’d like your parents/son or daughter to appreciate about you.
6. Name one dream that you haven’t previously shared with your parents/son or daughter.
“ And know they love you…”
Poll: Young people's heroes are parents By Alan Fram and Trevor Tompson, Associated Press Writers | August 20, 2007 WASHINGTON --When it comes to those they most admire, young people do not
look chiefly to the worlds of music, today's wars or history. Instead, they turn to their own families.
Asked to name their heroes, young Americans surveyed by The Associated Press and MTV make their parents the collective top pick. Twenty-nine percent choose their mothers, 21 percent name their fathers and 16 percent pick their parents without specifying which one. Allowed to choose as many heroes as they'd like, nearly half mention at least one of their folks.
Jacquelynne Eccles, a University of Michigan psychology professor who has studied young people, says surveys she has helped conduct since 1980 have consistently found that parents are youths' most oft-named heroes.The AP-MTV poll was conducted by Knowledge Networks Inc. from April 16 to 23, and involved online interviews with 1,280 people aged 13 to 24. It had a margin of sampling error of plus or minus 3 percentage points.
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