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Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 1
Why 4K?
George JobloveSony Pictures Technologies
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 2
Motion-Picture Distribution
Studios, Distributo
rs
Motion-Picture Masters
(Intermediates)
TheatersReleas
e prints
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 3
Motion-Picture Distribution
Studios, Distributo
rs
Motion-Picture Masters
(Intermediates)
TheatersReleas
e prints
20th-century standard:35-mm film
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 4
Motion-Picture Distribution
Studios, Distributo
rs
Motion-Picture Masters
(Intermediates)
TheatersReleas
e prints
20th-century standard:35-mm film
21st-century standard:DCP (Digital Cinema
Package)
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 5
Motion-Picture Distribution
2048 pixels wide
1080 pixels
high
4096 pixels wide
2160 pixels
high
“2K”
“4K”
A DCP may be either of two resolutions:
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 6
Why 4K?
Human visual acuity
Modern cinema theater layout
Maximizing quality of our work on the screen
Maximizing quality of what goes into the vault for future use
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 7
Human Visual Acuity
360°
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 8
Human Visual Acuity
360°
1°
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 9
360°
1°1′ 1°
Human Visual Acuity
Magnification
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 10
Human Visual Acuity
‘Normal’ (‘20/20’ [US/UK], ‘6/6’ [EU], ‘1.5/1.5’ [JP]) human vision resolves 30 cycles (line-pairs) per degree,or one line per arcminute
This corresponds to about:■ 486 lines (NTSC) 576 lines
(PAL) at 7 picture-heights at 6 picture-heights
■1080 lines (HDTV or 2K DCI 1.85:1) at 3 picture-heights
■2160 lines (4K DCI 1.85:1) at 1½ picture-heights
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 11
Modern Cinema Design, Stadium Seating
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 12
Modern Cinema Design, Stadium Seating
PHOTO: BAM ROSE CINEMAS
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 13
Today’s Demonstration
Images■Shot on still cameras
– Sony 900 [6K4K Bayer] and digital Hasselblad [7K5K Bayer]
■Gamma-converted to linear floating-point■Cropped to 1.85:1 and down-res’ed to DCI 4K
(39962160)■Color-space- and gamma-converted from sRGB to
DCI X'Y'Z'■Converted to 16-bit integer per channel, saved in
TIFF format■Created left/right mirrored image by pixel
swapping■Created DCI package (4K) from each still image and
mirror
Why 4K? ghj / 2009.03i 14
Today’s Demonstration
Projection
Screen: 20 ft (6 m) wide, matte 1.0, non-perforated
Left-side projection: 2K Right-side projection: 4K
4K DCP 4K DCPDoremi DCP2000 Sony LMT-300
Christie CP2000-ZX DLP Sony SRX-R320 SXRD20481080 40962160
~14.6 ftL = ~50 cd/m² ~14.6 ftL = ~50 cd/m²
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