Architecture from the early age

ARCHITECTURE FROM THE

EARLY AGE

PRE-HISTORIC ARCHITECTURE Man has developed a form of architecture based on megaliths.MEGALITHS – a big rockGreek word: lithos (stone)

megas (big) Intended for burial

It provided plenty of legend and superstition.

Stones and rocks were associated with divinity.

THREE MAIN TYPES OF

MEGALITH STONES

1. MEEDSNHIR

A huge stone standing vertically on the grand, usually standing in the middle of the field or arranged in rows.

2. DOLMENS Originated from expression taol maen

Form of table consisting of two huge standing stones supporting a horizontal giant stone

Serves as grave or altar

3. CROMLECH

(Brythonic word)Crom – bent or curvedLlech – slab or flagstones

Stonehenge is the best preserved megalithic site in Europe

It is a temple were rituals were held.

The structure and the movement of the sun in the sky has a relationship in terms of identifying the change of the seasons which help the primative humans on their rituals and agricultural practices.

PYRAMID OF GIZA Are the most substantial ancient

architectures of the world. Three pyramids are the funerary

structures of the three kings namely:KhufuKhafaMenkaura

Made very confusing Built to serve as residence of God’s Key center for economic activity Made of perishable materials like

woods, reed matting and mud brick

MASTABA Type of Egyptisn tomb which is flat-

foofed, rectangular structure with outward sloping sides.

GREEK ARCHITECTUR

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Temples consisted of a central shrine or room in an aisle surrounded by rows of columns. These buildings were designed with one of three architectural style.

THREE GREEK ORDERS1. Doric 2. Ionic

3. Corinthian

ROMAN ARCHITECTURE

They build sturdy stone structures both for use and to perpetuate their glory.

The emperors erected huge halls and arenas for public games, baths and procession. They built of gigantic arches of stone, bricks and concrete or with barrel vaults.

MIDDLE AGE Arts were highly influenced by the faith

and devotion of people to the Roman Catholic church.

BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE Has a lot in common with early Christian

architecture Mosaic decoration was perfected by

byzantines Use clerestory to light in from windows

HAGIA SOPHIA, ISTANBUL

Hagia Sophia means holy wisdom. It narrates how a magnificent construction transformed form being a church, into a mosque and what is now known as a Hagia Sophia museum. One of the biggest domes ever created with 108 feet in diameter.

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE Displays rounded arches and masonry

vaults (colums) It is the period of great building activity

in Europe.

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE Pointed arches which enables builders to

construct much higher ceilings More slender columns

TEST 1:1. This means “a big rock”.2. This Greek order has a volute in its

capital.3. This is the most substantial

architecture in Egypt. It serves as tomb of kings.

4. _________ means Holy wisdom.5. This architecture is known for its

pointed arch and more slender column.Roman Greek CorinthianMegalith dolmens ByzantineGothic Romanesque DoricPyramid of Giza Hagia Sophia Ionic

NAME THE FOLLOWING ARCHITECTURES