Baltic cities

Medium sizeSouth Baltic Rim Cities

Improving by learning from each other

Sylwia Różańska

AnnaRubczak

Piotr Żelaznowski

Monika Kwietniewska

Bolesław Słociński

Nina Bloch

Mentor: Markus Appenzeller

Those who worked hard

Cities at the Southern Shore of the Baltic Sea

What we looked at:

Cities above 200.000 and under 500.000 inhabitants- mid size baltic cities and cities which are centers in their region

1989 = today – 25 years

Historic collaboration

New collaboration: UBC

Can these cities improve collectivelyby learning from each other and always

adopting the best practice?

Can they reestablish the‘Hanseatic Spirit’, creating a joint ‘Ideal Baltic

City’ ?

The ideal Baltic City as model

Six fields of research

2 things you should know

THING 1GET REGIONAL!

- territorial simplification

- towards local government

- local ‘metropolies’

WHAT?

THING 2COLLABORATE!

You can start with the ITI

COLL

ABO

RATI

ON

URBACT

DIYG DO IT

YOURSELFGOVERNMENT

Key issues

• How South Baltic Cities was developing for last 25 years?

• Could they do it better?

• If we would like to create a theoretical model of Ideal Baltic City, how it should look like?

0.00 €

5,000.00 €

10,000.00 €

15,000.00 €

20,000.00 €

25,000.00 €

30,000.00 €

35,000.00 €

40,000.00 €

45,000.00 €

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Nominal economic growth in Balitc cities for 1989-2014

Tricity

Szczecin

Rostock

Lubeck

Kiel

Tallin

Baltic Tiger

Baltic Tiger vs. sleeping dragons?

Inflation „ate” development

Avarage growth rate for 1995-2014 Avarage inflation rate for 1995-2014

Tallinn: 4,4% Estonia: 6,48%

Kiel: 1,62%Rostock: 1,66%

Lubeck: 1,2%

Germany: 1,49%

Tricity: 4,70%Szczecin: 2,99%

Poland: 6,38%

Kaliningrad: 1,19% Russia: 27,3%

Goals and how to achieve them

Goals:

1) Competitivness

2) Know-how

3) DevelopmentAspects:1) Friendly macroeconomics2) Durability3) Accessibility4) Smart resource management5) Business climate6) Sustainable budget

Ideal

Baltic

City

Durability for crisis

Friendly

macroeconomics

Accessibility

Smart resource

management

Business climate

Sustainable budget

• Inflation

• Friendly tax system

• Friendly administration

• Friendly Doing Business economy

Ideal

Baltic

City

Durable

Friendly

Accessib

ility

Smart

Climate

Budget

Friendly

macroeconomic

s

Friendly tax system

Friendly

administration

Effective justice

system

Inflation

Friendly macroeconomicsTransformation of Polish tax system 1994-

2014

Inflation „ate” development

Avarage growth rate for 1995-2014 Avarage inflation rate for 1995-2014

Tallinn: 4,4% Estonia: 6,48%

Kiel: 1,62%Rostock: 1,66%

Lubeck: 1,2%

Germany: 1,49%

Tricity: 4,70%Szczecin: 2,99%

Poland: 6,38%

Kaliningrad: 1,19% Russia: 27,3%

• Inflation

• Friendly tax system

• Friendly administration

• Friendly Doing Business economy

Ideal

Baltic

City

Durable

Friendly

Accessib

ility

Smart

Climate

Budget

Friendly

macroeconomic

s

Friendly tax system

Friendly

administration

Effective justice

system

Inflation

Friendly macroeconomicsTransformation of Polish tax system 1994-

2014

Economy Year

Ease of Doing

Business Rank

Paying Taxes

Rank

Payments

(number per year)

Time (hours

per year)

Profit tax (%)

Labor tax and

contributions (%)

Other taxes (%)

Total tax

rate (% profit)

EstoniaDB20

1422 32 7 81 8.1 39.4 2.0 49.4

GermanyDB20

1421 89 9 218 23.0 21.8 4.6 49.4

PolandDB20

1445 113 18 286 14.1 26.0 1.5 41.6

Russian Federation

DB2014

92 56 7 177 8.0 36.7 6.1 50.7

Durability for cirsis

• Diversity of economy

– Meaning of industry

– Meaning of port industries

– Creative industries

– Global connections

– SMEs

Durability for crisis

Diversity of economy

Global connectionsSMEs

Ideal

Baltic

City

Durable

Friendly

Accessib

ility

Smart

Climate

Budget

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

150.00%

200.00%

250.00%

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Dynamics of GDP in Baltic cities for 1989-2014

Tricity

Szczecin

Tallin

Rostock

Kiel

Lubeck

Lessons from CRISIS

Durability for cirsis

• Diversity of economy

– Meaning of industry

– Meaning of port industries

– Creative industries

– Global connections

– SMEs

Durability for crisis

Diversity of economy

Global connectionsSMEs

Ideal

Baltic

City

Durable

Friendly

Accessib

ility

Smart

Climate

Budget

Accessibility

• Transportation

• Law&bureaucracy

• Geopolitics

Accesibility

Transportation

GeopoliticsLaw&

Bureaucracy

Ideal

Baltic

City

Durable

Friendly

Accessib

ility

Smart

Climate

Budget

Friendly like Tallinn, durable like Tricity

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Friendly macroeconomics

Durability for crisis

Accesibility

Smart resource management

Business climate

Sustainable budget

Kaliningrad

Kiel

Lubeck

Rostock

Szczecin

Tallin

Tricity

HOW DO CITIES TRANSFORM THEIR SPACE?

SHIPYARD space development, innovations, infrastucture

PUBLIC SPACE old town, area between buildings

SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT urban sprawl, reurbanization, constant development

INVESTMENTS– public sector, private sector,

GREENERY parks, forests,

TALLINNsuburbanizationPeople emigratefrom the city.

URBAN SPRAWL

GDANSK chaotic suburbanization,

developers invest in the suburbsthis process begun in early 90’ and lasts till now

Gdansk Poludnie southern suburbs

REURBANIZATION

GDANSK begining of the reurbanization districts close to old town are revitalized

Young City Gdansk former shipyard areas project

OLD TOWN – reconstructions, renovations, maintaining

PLACE MAKING – creating places to meeting people

PUBLIC SPACES

Neglected areas in Kaliningrad

Square in centre

Path close to city centre Surrounding of large slab building

Rostock - changes

Old town demolition in 80s.

Old town after renovation in 90s.

Placemaking in Gdańsk

Car park transformed into square with chairs and lawn

Fountain that integrates people of all generations

HARBOUR

SZCZECIN GDANSK KIEL

• Entrance to the Baltic Sea,• Canal connection with Hamburg • Developed port & marina,• Well developed infrastructure and

services around the port.

• Port transformed into housing and services,

• Reconstruction of the pedestrian harbour,

• No deepwater terminal• Inland waterways’ potential not

used,

SZCZECIN GDANSK KIEL

INVESTMENTS

90’s - MALLS BOOM TODAY – CULTURE BOOM

GREENERY

FROM ALLOTMENTS GARDENS TO RECREATIONAL PARKS

[Changes in the people’s thinking, reflect changes

in the quality and how to create urban space]

[Space in a city is made

by people for people and with people]

How cities communicate with us?

‘THERE’S NOTHING HERE ‘ [TRANS.] - http://ossa2013gdansk.blogspot.com/

‘A brand is born when enough people see and think the same about a brand’s personality

Branding elements’ relation

SUSTAINABILITY OF

MARKETING

CITIES PROFILES

Branding types

Historical/heritage

Innovative

Less visible

German accuracy

SO…

• sustainbility of city marketing

• the balance between

the 'image' and reality

• the will of being unique

and the same

• global and local

How the cities adhere to the ideal model

Thank you

Baltic team