Chapter 12 - Lan Design

LAN DESIGN &LAN DESIGN &

DOCUMENTATION DOCUMENTATION

TS, PHẠM VĂN TÍNHTS, PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

PART14PART14

Grounding of Networking EquipmentGrounding of Networking Equipment

Surge suppressorsSurge suppressors

Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

LAN DESIGNLAN DESIGN

LAN design goalsLAN design goals

– Functionality--speed and reliability

– Scalability--ability to grow without major changes

– Adaptability--easily implements new technologies

– Manageability--facilitates monitoring and ease of management

LAN design considerationsLAN design considerations

The function and placement of servers

Collision detection issues

Segmentation issues

Broadcast domain issues

Placement of ServersPlacement of Servers

Servers now perform special functions and can be categorized as either...

– Enterprise Servers--supports all users on the network

DNS , Mail , WEB … servers

should be placed in the main distribution facility (MDF)

– Workgroup Servers--supports a specific set of users

file serving such as specialized databases

should be place in the intermediate distribution facilities (IDF) closest to users

Placement of ServersPlacement of Servers

LAN Segmentation LAN Segmentation

• Segmentation is the process of splitting a single collision domain into two or more collision domains.

• Layer 2 devices such as bridges and switches reduce the size of a collision domain.

• Routers reduce the size of the collision domain and the size of the broadcast domain at Layer 3.

Basic Steps in LAN designBasic Steps in LAN design

1. Gather requirements and expectations

2. Analyze requirements and data

3. Design the Layer 1, 2, and 3 LAN structure, or topology

4. Document the logical and physical network implementation

Gather requirements and expectations Gather requirements and expectations

Who are the people who will be using the network?

What is the skill level of these people?

How developed are the organizational documented policies?

Has some data been declared mission critical?

Have some operations been declared mission critical?

Gather requirements and expectations Gather requirements and expectations

What protocols are allowed on the network?

Are only certain desktop hosts supported?

Who is responsible for LAN addressing, naming, topology design, and configuration?

What are the organizational human, hardware, and software resources?

How are these resources currently linked and shared?

What financial resources does the organization have available?

Analyze requirements and data Analyze requirements and data

Network Availability Network Availability

Throughput

Response time

Access to resources

Develop LAN TopologyDevelop LAN Topology

Developing LAN TopologyDeveloping LAN Topology

Important LAN design documentation Important LAN design documentation

OSI layer topology map

LAN logical map

LAN physical map

Cut sheets

VLAN logical map

Layer 3 logical map

Addressing maps

OSI layer topology map OSI layer topology map

LAN logical DiagramLAN logical Diagram

Cut sheets Cut sheets

VLAN logical map VLAN logical map

Layer 3 logical map Layer 3 logical map

Addressing maps Addressing maps

LAYER 1 DESIGNLAYER 1 DESIGN

Layer 1 designLayer 1 design

• Choose cable type.

• Identify work area and HCC.

• Identify MDF, IDF, HCC, VCC and POP.

• Choose Ethernet or Fast Ethernet.

• Documentation and physical diagrams

Example: Example: Wiring closet locationWiring closet location

Example: Example: Wiring closet layoutWiring closet layout

3.50m.4.

Rack 1

Example:Example: Rack layout Rack layout

19 20 21 22 23 2413 14 15 16 17 187 8 9 10 11 121 2 3 4 5 6

43 44 45 46 47 4837 38 39 40 41 4231 32 33 34 35 3625 26 27 28 29 30

19 20 21 22 23 2413 14 15 16 17 187 8 9 10 11 121 2 3 4 5 6

43 44 45 46 47 4837 38 39 40 41 4231 32 33 34 35 3625 26 27 28 29 30

19 20 21 22 23 2413 14 15 16 17 187 8 9 10 11 121 2 3 4 5 6

43 44 45 46 47 4837 38 39 40 41 4231 32 33 34 35 3625 26 27 28 29 30

19 20 21 22 23 2413 14 15 16 17 187 8 9 10 11 121 2 3 4 5 6

43 44 45 46 47 4837 38 39 40 41 4231 32 33 34 35 3625 26 27 28 29 30

POWERFAULT DATA ALARM

Class Room 1

Class Room 3

Class Room 2

Backbone and

Server Farm

C2924XL - Wg1

C2924XL - Wg2 Mail Server

Router 3662

PIX Firewall

Example: Example: User locationUser location

3.50m.

5.00m. 6.00m.

1.40m. 1.80m.

4.00m. 5.00m.

1.40m.6.20m.

7.00m.

Example: Example: Cable runCable run Rack

UTP UTP

MDF and IDFMDF and IDF

– Whether the LAN is a star or extended star, the MDF is the center of the star.

• From the workstation to the telecommunications outlet, the patch cable should be no more than 3m.

• From their to the patch panel, called the HCC, no more than 90m.

• From the patch panel (the HCC) to the switch, no more than 6m.

– When distances to the MDF are more than 100m, an IDF is normally added.

– The cable run from the IDF to the MDF is called backbone and is usually fiber.

– By adding more wiring closets (more IDFs), you create multiple catchment areas

Layer 1 Logical DiagramLayer 1 Logical Diagram

Locations and identification of the MDF and IDF wiring closets.

Type and quantity of cabling used to interconnect the IDFs with the MDF.

Document how many spare cables are available for increasing the bandwidth between the wiring closets. For example, if the vertical cabling between IDF 1 and the MDF is running at 80% utilization, two additional pairs could be used to double the capacity.

Detailed documentation of all cable runs, the identification numbers, and the port the run is terminated on at the HCC or VCC.

Logical Diagram & Cut SheetsLogical Diagram & Cut Sheets

Common Layer 2 DevicesCommon Layer 2 Devices

The two most common Layer 2 devices are... Bridges and LAN Switches

Microsegmentation of the network reduces the size of collision domains and reduces collisions.

Collisions Domain Size with HUBCollisions Domain Size with HUB

SWITCH Collision DomainSWITCH Collision Domain

SWITCH with HUBSWITCH with HUB

Migrate to Higher BandwidthMigrate to Higher Bandwidth

AccessLayer2 switching

DistributionLayer3 switching

CoreLayer2/Layer3 switching

Hierarchical design modelHierarchical design model

Switched LANs, access layer overview Switched LANs, access layer overview

• Shared bandwidth

• Switched bandwidth

• MAC layer filtering

• Microsegment

Access layer switches Access layer switches

• Catalyst 1900 series

Catalyst 4000

Catalyst 1912

Distribution layer overview Distribution layer overview

• Aggregation of the wiring closet connections

• Broadcast/multicast domain definition

• Virtual LAN (VLAN) routing

• Any media transitions that need to occur

• Security

Distribution layer switches Distribution layer switches

• Catalyst 2926G

• Catalyst 5000 family

• Catalyst 6000 family

Core layer overview Core layer overview

• The core layer is a high-speed switching backbone.

• This layer of the network design should not perform any packet manipulation.

Core layer switches Core layer switches

• IGX 8400 series

• Lightstream 1010

Catalyst 8540

Catalyst 1010

Routers and DesignRouters and Design

• Routers provide both physical and logical segmentation.

• Logically, routers segment according to Layer 3 addressing dividing the LAN into logical segments called subnets.

• VLAN capable switches help routers contain broadcasts.

• The graphic shows two broadcast domains.

• Notice there is also two subnets. How do we know that?

• The router provides communication between the two VLANs.

VLANs & Broadcast DomainsVLANs & Broadcast Domains

Diagramming a LAN with RoutersDiagramming a LAN with Routers

– Notice in the graphic that the two networks are kept separate by the router.

– Each switch serves a different network regardless of the physical location of the devices.

– To create another physical network in a structured Layer 1 wiring scheme, simply patch the HCC and VCC into the correct switch.

Logical & Physical Network MapsLogical & Physical Network Maps

After determining your Layer 1, 2, and 3 design, you can create your addressing (logical) and physical maps. These are invaluable :•Give a snapshot of the network•Show subnet mask info•Help in troubleshooting

Logical Addressing Mapped to the Physical Network

Physical Network MapsPhysical Network Maps

Addressing MapsAddressing Maps

Logical Network Maps & Addressing MapsLogical Network Maps & Addressing Maps

CablingCabling

Punching wires in Jack

Structure of a patch panel

Punch Tools

Cable labels

Chapter 12 - Lan Design

Education

Campus LAN Design

chapter 2 : LAN

LAN Design Pearson Chapter 1

Chapter 1 LAN Design LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 1

Year 2 - Chapter 4/Cisco 3 - Module 4 LAN Design

Chapter 1 LAN Design(1)

Scaling Networks - Chapter 1, LAN Design · Page NICE NGSS ITEA DODEA Exam Objective Section 1.0 Introduction to LAN Design 1.0.1 Introduction 1.0.1.1 Introduction HS-ETS1. ITEA.6

Chapter 1 LAN Design - Olympic Collegefaculty.olympic.edu/.../Enhanced/Expl_Sw_chapter_01_LAN_Design.pdf · CCNA3-3 Chapter 1 Switched LAN Architecture •When building a LAN that

Chapter 1 LAN Design - mars.merhot.dkmars.merhot.dk/mediawiki/images/2/2b/Expl_Sw_chapter_01_LAN_Design.pdfCCNA3-3 Chapter 1 LAN Design Switched LAN Architecture CCNA3-4 Chapter 1

Chapter 5-6 LAN 연결 (LAN Switch)

LAN Design LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 1 Vilina Hutter, Instructor

Ccna3 Chapter 1 Lan Design

LAN and WAN Design: Putting It All Together Chapter 11

Design Wireless Network 2 Wireless LAN Network Setup Chapter 8

Chapter 1 How to Design a LAN

Objectives: Chapter 7: Intranet LAN Design * Goals and considerations in LAN design * Understand the steps in systematic LAN design * Design issues associated

LAN Switching and Wireless: Ch1 - LAN Design

Chapter 1 LAN Design - mars.tekkom.dkmars.tekkom.dk/mediawiki/images/2/2b/Expl_Sw_chapter_01_LAN_Design.pdfCCNA3-1 Chapter 1 Chapter 1 LAN Design CCNA3-2 Chapter 1 Note for Instructors

Expl Sw Chapter 01 LAN Design

Cap1 lan design