DP Biology 1.2 Ultrastructure of Cells

1.2 Ultrastructure of CellsDP Biology

R. Price

v. 1 2015

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#1 Prokaryotes have a simple cell structure without compartments

• Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus

• Cell membrane present

• Cell wall has peptidoglycan

• 70S ribosomes

• Area of cytoplasm that looks lighter = nucleoid (DNA, but not nucleus)

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#2 Eukaryotes have a compartmentalized cell structure

• Eukaryotes have a nucleus

• Eukaryotes have organelles

• Organelles have specialized functions

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#3 Prokaryotes divide by binary fission

• Asexual reproduction

• Single circular chromosome replicates

• A copy moves to each end of the cell

• Cell divides

#4 Electron microscopes have a much higher resolution than light microscopes

Max light microscope resolution .2µm

Red and white blood cells

Max electron microscope resolution .001µm

Red and white blood cells

Sources

ContentAllott, Andrew, and David Mindorff. Biology: Course Companion. 2014

ed. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2014. Print. Oxford IB Diploma Programme.

Walpole, Brenda. Biology for the IB Diploma. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2014. Print.

Images

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