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Sensory mechanisms
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Sensory Mechanisms
Sensory receptors and the brain
Sensation Perception
• Action potentials transmitted by sensory receptors to the brain
• Sensory receptors▫ Specialized
neurons/epithelial cells▫ Extero- and interoreceptors▫ Convert energy to changes
in membrane potentials and transmit to brain
▫ Functions: transduction, amplification, transmission, and integration
• Interpretation of the stimuli by the brain
•Ex. colors, taste, sound, smell
1. Follow the movement of the rotating pink dot with your eyes.
2. Stare at the cross in the center.
3. Concentrate on the cross at the center for a long period of time.
Is the blue side in the front or back of the cube?
Types of sensory receptors
Vision and photoreceptors* All have pigment molecules that absorb light
Structure of the human eye
Ciliary body
Iris
Suspensoryligament
Cornea
Pupil
Aqueoushumor
Lens
Vitreous humor
Optic disk(blind spot)
Central artery andvein of the retina
Opticnerve
Fovea (centerof visual field, most cones)
Retina with rods and cones
ChoroidSclera
Hearing and equilibrium in invertebrates
Ciliatedreceptor cells
CiliaStatolith
Sensory nerve fibers
Statocysts in invertebrates
1 mm
Tympanicmembrane
Hearing and equilibrium in mammals
Pinna
Auditory canal
Eustachian tube
Tympanicmembrane
Stapes
Incus
Malleus
Skullbones
Semicircularcanals
Auditory nerve,to brain
Cochlea
Tympanicmembrane
Ovalwindow
Eustachian tube
Roundwindow
Vestibular canal
Tympanic canal
Auditory nerve
BoneCochlear duct
Hair cells Tectorialmembrane
Basilarmembrane
To auditorynerve
Axons of sensory neurons
1Overview of ear structure 2The middle ear and inner ear
4 The organ of Corti 3 The cochleaOrgan of Corti
Outer earMiddle
ear Inner ear
Chemoreceptors and tasteSensilla in insects
Taste buds in mammals
Chemoreceptors and smell
Brain
Nasal cavity
Odorant
Odorantreceptors
Plasmamembrane
Odorant
Cilia
Chemoreceptor
Epithelial cell
Bone
Olfactory bulb
Action potentials
Mucus
Mechanoreceptors and pain receptors in the skin
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