Sponges&Cnidarians 08

This is a “loofah sponge”…

…which is most certainly NOT A SPONGE!

A “loofah” is a type of gourd.

PORIFERA=>•“sponges”•1st multicellular life?•over 10000 known species•sessile/asymmetry•teacup-sized sponge can filter 5000L of water in a day!

PORIFERA=>•3 types of “skeleton”:–spongin (flexible protein)

spongin fibers

PORIFERA=>•3 types of “skeleton”:–spongin (flexible protein)

–CaCO3- shallow marine “spicules”

PORIFERA=>•3 types of “skeleton”:–spongin (flexible protein)

–CaCO3- shallow marine

–SiO2- deep marine

•some have all three•ANATOMY & REPRODUCTION:

sponge larva

gemmule

encrusting sponge

encrusting sponge

CNIDARIA=>•More than 9000 species•Includes sea anemones, jellyfish, corals, hydras, •More highly organized than sponges, but still very simple animals

CNIDARIA=>•Amazing predators for their simplicity•hollow chamber called the: GASTROVASCULAR CAVITY -digestion & food distribution•nervous system is called a: “nerve net”

CNIDARIA=>•have RADIAL SYMMETRY•all have CNIDOCYTES: “stinging cells”

•3 major functional types:

especiallycommon

type

CNIDARIA=>•have TWO main “body plans”: –the POLYP and MEDUSA•POLYP is sessile and asexual•MEDUSA is sexual and free-swimming

•Describe two possible benefits to an algae that resides inside a cnidarian.•Describe two possible benefits to an animal which has algae living within its tissue...

HydrozoaScyphozoaAnthozoaCubozoa

HYDROZOA=>• includes over 3,700 species•polyp phase dominant•Most members are colonial–Different polyps have different functions

• includes Hydra, Obelia and the Portuguese man O’ war

branching hydroid

SCYPHOZOA=>•translates to “cup animals”•medusa is dominant•The “jellyfish” - more than 200 sp.•Most are found floating in the open sea

West coast Sea nettle

ANTHOZOA=>•translates as: “flower animals”•never a medusoid stage•includes sea anemones, soft corals, and true “stony” corals

zooxanthellae

CaCO3 skeletons

CUBOZOA=>• the “box jellies”• have a square shape when viewed

from above• possess four evenly-spaced

tentacles (or groups of tentacles)• found mostly in tropical oceans• have a primitive version of an

“eye”•~ 20 species

The Sea Wasp:Chironex Fleckeri

CTENOPHORA=>•translates as: “comb holder”•the “comb jellies”•no stinging cells –have colloblasts instead (sticky)•move via cilia