Dentl anomaly

DENTAL ANOMALIES

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

DR.M.K.JINDAL

PRESENTED BY:BUSHRA FARHANBDS 2010 BATCH

DENTAL ANOMALIES

NUMBER SIZE

SHAPE STRUCTURE

ALTERATIONS IN NUMBER OF

TEETHAlteration in tooth number occur usually during initiation or dental

lamina stage of dental development

The alteration may produce extra or missing teeth

ANODONTIA

HYPODONTIA

OLIGODONTIA

SUPERNUMERARY TEETH

ANODONTIA•Congenital absence of teeth

because of failure of development of tooth germs.•Total anodontia is rare.

•Partial anodontia (hypodontia) is more common.

SUPERNUMERARY TEETH Supernumerary teeth are

additional number of teeth, over and above the usual number for

the dentition Mostly seen in

a. Gardner's syndrome,b.Cleidocranial dysostosis syndrome

c. Cleft palate (or cleft lip)

CLASSIFICATION

CONICAL

SUPPLEMENTAL

TUBERCULATE

ODONTOME

CONICAL

• Most commonly found in permanent dentition.

• Usually present as mesiodens between the incisors.

TUBERCULATE

• Commonly located on palatal side of central incisors.

• Possess more than 1 tubercle or cusp.• Associated with delayed eruption of

incisors.

SUPPLEMENTAL• Duplication of teeth in normal series

& found at the end of a tooth series.• Most commonly found in permanent

maxillary lateral incisors.

ALTERATIONS IN SIZE OF TEETH

Alteration in tooth size originate during the Bell stage or

proliferation stage of tooth development.

MICRODONTIA MACRODONTIA

MICRODONTIA• Teeth that are smaller than normal.• Most commonly affects maxillary

lateral incisors or maxillary third molars.

• Occur in a condition known as pituitary dwarfism.

• Can cause spacing in primary and permanent dentition.

MACRODONTIA• Teeth that are larger than

normal• Hemifacial hypertrophy

• Can cause crowding in primary n permanent dentition

ALTERATIONS IN SHAPE OF TEETH•Abnormalities in shape can

originate during the morphodifferentiation stage of

tooth development and are manifested as alterations in

crown and root form.

FUSION

GEMINATION

CONCRESCENCE

DENS INVAGINATUS(DENS IN DENTE)

DENS EVAGINATUS

TALON CUSP

TAURODONTISM

DILACERATION

HYPERCEMENTOSIS

FUSIONUnion of 2 normally separated tooth

germs. Must involve the dentin.

Cause :some physical force or pressure produces contact of tooth germs.Early contact: 2 teeth may be

completely united.Late contact: union of roots only.

GEMINATIONIncomplete attempt of a tooth

germ to divide into two.Tooth has two crowns or a large

crown partially separated.Single (common) root and root

canal.Etiology of this condition is

unknown

CONCRESCENCEFusion occurring after root

formation has been completed.Teeth united by their cementum.

Mostly association with the maxillary second and third molars.Difficulty in tooth extraction.

DENS INVAGINATUSInvagination in the surface of tooth

crown before calcification has occurred.

Also called tooth within a tooth.Can cause development and

spread of dental caries.Maxillary lateral incisor is the most

frequently affected tooth.

DENS EVAGINATUSTubercle or cusp located in the

center of the occlusal surface.Affect predominantly premolar and

molar teeth.Tubercle wears off relatively

quickly causing early exposure of the accessory pulp horn that

extends into the tubercle.

TALON CUSPAccessory cusp located on the

lingual surface of maxillary or mandibular teeth

Pattern resembling an eagle's talon.

Maxillary central or lateral incisor are often involved

TAURODONTISM Crowns of normal size and shape but have

large rectangular bodies. Pulp chamber is dramatically increased in its

apico-occlusal heights. Apically displaced furcations. Short roots and pulp canals.

Involves molar tooth. Seen in association with amelogenesis

imperfecta. Not recognizable clinically but on a radiograph.

DILACERATIONAbnormal bend in the root of a

tooth.Result of trauma to a developing

tooth.Difficulties during extraction or

root canal therapy.

HYPERCEMENTOSISExcessive build-up of cementum

around toothEvident on a radiograph

Affects vital teethExact cause not known

Mostly seen in periapical inflammation, tooth repair and teeth that are not in occlusion 

ALTERATIONS IN STRUCUTRE OF TEETH

AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

DENTIN DYSPLASIA

ODONTODYSPLASIA

AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

• Disturbance in enamel development

•Normal dentin & root•Etiology: alteration of genes

involved in the process of formation & maturation of the enamel.

•Three general types

• Defects in matrix formation

HYPOPLASTIC

• Defects of matrix structure and of mineral deposition.

HYPOCALCIFIED

• Alterations in enamel rod and rod sheath structures.

HYPOMATURE

DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

A hereditary abnormality in the formation of dentin.

Teeth varies from gray to brownish violet to yellowish brown color.

Crown fractures easily because of abnormal DEJ.

Pulp chambers and root canals may be partially or completely obliterated.

Radiographically, the teeth exhibit thin, short roots.

DENTIN DYSPLASIARare disturbance of dentin

formation.Normal enamel but atypical dentin

with abnormal pulp morphology.It is subdivided into two types:

TYPE 1 RADICULA

RTYPE 2

CORONAL

TYPE 1 (RADICULAR) Normal color & shape in both

dentition. Exfoliate with little or no trauma.

Short or abnormal roots.Pulp chambers & canals are usually

obliterated.20 % of teeth with type I disease

have apical radiolucencies.

TYPE 2 (CORONAL)Primary dentition appears as in D.I.,

but permanent dentition is normal. Obliteration of the pulp chamber in

deciduous dentition.Abnormally large pulp chamber in

permanent dentition. Roots are normal in shape &

proportion

ODONTODYSPLASIA

• Hypoplastic & hypocalcified dentin & enamel

•central incisors > lateral incisors >canines (maxillary)•Delayed eruption.

•Ghostlike appearance in image.•Marked reduction in amount of dentin.•Thin enamel , less dense as usual.