Open access - where are we now and where to from here?

Open access - where are we now and where to from here?

Virginia BarbourExecutive Officer, AOASG; Chair, COPE

0000-0002-2358-2440eo@aoasg.org.au@ginnybarbour

My interests

• Executive Officer, Australasian Open Access Support Group• Chair, Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)• Involved in a number of publishing initiatives, including

EQUATOR, AllTrials• Joint appointment at QUT between Office of Research Ethics

and Integrity, and Division of Technology, Information and Learning Support

• Adjunct/honorary Professor at UQ and Griffith• Previously Chief Editor PLOS Medicine, then Medicine and

Biology Editorial Director, PLOS

Australasian Open Access Support Group – AOASG

InformationAdvocacyResourcesDiscussionsGraphicsBlogs, Twitter@openaccess_oz www.aoasg.org.au

Member InstitutionsANUCharles Sturt CurtinGriffith MacquarieMelbourneNewcastleQUTVictoria UWACONZUL

AOASG supporting Institutions

ANU

Charles Sturt

CurtinUWA

GriffithQUT

Newcastle

MacquarieVictoria

Council of New Zealand University Librarians - CONZUL

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Purple_rock_crabs_(Leptograpsus_variegatus)_lurking_in_a_crevice_under_Lion_Rock.jpg

Open access – what’s that???

Fig 3. Percentage of papers published by the five major publishers, by discipline in the Natural and Medical Sciences, 1973–2013.

Larivière V, Haustein S, Mongeon P (2015) The Oligopoly of Academic Publishers in the Digital Era. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0127502. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127502http://127.0.0.1:8081/plosone/article?id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0127502

We are at a critical time in publishing

But we also have a diverse ecosystem

developing…

…and we are in a phase of accelerated innovation

Bianca Kramer & Jeroen Bosman Geneva Workshop on Innovations in Scholarly Communication (OAI9), Geneva, June 18, 2015

more than 500!

How innovation in infrastructure helps tell a story about penguin poo

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Adelie_penguin_(Pygoscelis_adeliae),_walking.jpg

So we have a lot of the core infrastructure in place

• OA definitions• Machine and human

readable licenses• Unique author ID• Unique article & sub-

article ID• Accurate crosslinking• Article versioning

Live areas

1. The need for proper licensing and legal structures

Open Access=

free access+

reuse rights+

author attribution rights+

permanent archiving

Licenses as essential infrastructure

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

Knowing the license means you know what you can do with a research output

Live areas

1. The need for proper licensing and legal structures2. An innovation culture

Open access to publications is one of many “open” innovation initiatives

Data

Rights

Publishing

There is now a complex OA publishing ecosystem

• Preprints

• Journals

• Archiving

• Book & monograph publishing

Innovations circumventing traditional publishers

• A sustainable route to OA for HSS books (long-form publications)

• Spread costs of OA across many institutions globally

• Ensuring that HSS long-form publications are as accessible as OA science journals

• Help libraries to maximize the positive impact of spending on books

Knowledge Unlatched

The 2013/14 Pilot• Proof of concept for Knowledge Unlatched• 28 new books from 13 publishers• Literature; History; Politics; Media & Communications• Needed support from at least 200 libraries from

around the world to become OA• If 200 libraries pledged cost per library $60 per book• Nearly 300 libraries pledged. Cost per library $43 per

book

• 8 packages of ~10 books each• Libraries must support at least 6 of

the 8 packages on offer• Average price per book: $49.88 (if

300 libraries participate).• 28 Feb 2016 – pledging period ends• March/April 2016 – unlatching of

books (or upon publication)

Round 2 Details

Innovations circumventing traditional publishers – pre & post publication peer review

Live areas

1. The need for proper licensing and legal structures2. An innovation culture3. Coordinated, high level policy action

The flow of money is complex

Lawson, Stuart; Gray, Jonathan; Mauri, Michele (2015): Opening the Black Box of Scholarly Communication Funding: A Public Data Infrastructure for Financial Flows in Academic Publishing. .http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1601864

OA in Australia and New Zealand

• Universities predominantly green policies via institutional repositories

• Some institutions support Gold OA publishing• Green OA policies from major funders,

NHMRC and ARC

OA policies in Australia & New ZealandVary in strength and specificity

http://roarmap.eprints.org/

Open data at Federal level

“At a minimum, Australian Government entities will publish appropriately anonymised government data by default:

…under a Creative Commons By Attribution licence unless a clear case is made to the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet for another open licence”

Open access to publications is a core part of research infrastructure globally

Recent global OA developments• HEFCE: starting April 2016,

– “to be eligible for submission to the next REF, authors’ final peer-reviewed manuscripts must have been deposited in an institutional or subject repository.”

• League of European Universities’ Statement for the 2016 Dutch EU Presidency – “Christmas is over! ”Research funding should go to research, not to publishers

• Max Planck Digital Library publishes model of viability of journal flipping model at country level

• Austrian Open Access network published 16 step plan for Gold OA in Austria by 2025

• Dutch national OA deals with Elsevier, Springer and Wiley• Berlin 12, December 2015 meeting aimed to get consensus of next global

move in OA

2016 will be the year to watch in OA!

www.aoasg.org.au@openaccess_oz