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Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations
A. García Fernández 1,2, J. Morente 1, C. Lara-Romero 1 , M.L. Rubio 1 & J. M. Iriondo 1
1 Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.2 Institut Botanic de Barcelona, I.C.U.B.-C.S.I.C., Barcelona, Spain
Mediterranean mountains:a) Local biodiversity.b) High number of endemics.• Unfavorable periods.• Altitude gradient:
a) Temperatures.b) Precipitations.c) Soil properties.d) Vegetal community.
Study zone
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
WinterSpringSummer
Study zone
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Study zone
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Model species: Silene ciliata:• Mediterranean mountain ranges.• Rear margin distribution.• Facultative outcrosser.• Several levels of ploidy.• Late flowering.
Intermediate population
Low population
High population
Gimenez-Benavides et al. (2007) New Phyto.
Study zone What do we know?
Floral asynchrony
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Intermediate population
Low population
High population
Study zone What do we know?Floral asynchrony Local adaptation
Gimenez-Benavides et al. (2007) Ann. Bot.
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Study zone What do we know?Floral asynchrony Local adap. Drought resistance
García-Fernández et al. (2012) Plant Bio.
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Fv/
Fm p
htos
ynte
tic
stat
us
Days without water supply
Low pop.Inter. pop.High pop.
Study zone What do we know?Floral asynchrony Local adap. Drought resistance Inbreeding
García-Fernández et al. (2012) Oikos Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
High Pop.
Interm. Pop.
Low Pop.
Surveys
% S
urvi
val
Self-cross
Within-cross
Betw-cross
Study zone What do we know? AdAptA
New project:Evaluate the importance of peripheral populations vs. central populations.• Population size.• Genetic diversity.• Gene flow.• Potential adaptation.
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Alt
itud
e
Ecker et al. (2008) Mol. Eco.
Study zone What do we know? AdAptA
New project:Questions:1. Is there local adaptation between
central and peripherial populations? How important is peripheral population size?
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Study zone What do we know? AdAptA
New project:Questions:2. Which gene flow is more benefical for
peripheral popualtions, central-peripheral or peripheral-peripheral?
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Study zone What do we know? AdAptA
New project:Questions:3. Can local adaptation be detected
through differential gene expression?
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Study zone What do we know? AdAptA Experiments
Experiment 1: Population size effect1. Generate F1 in greenhouse to avoid maternal
effects.2. Set seeds from manual pollinations, F2.3. Reciprocal sowing and monitoring.
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Study zone What do we know? AdAptA Experiments
Experiment 2: Gene flow C-P vs. P-P1. Generate F1 in greenhouse to avoid maternal
effects.2. Seeds from manual pollinations, F2. All crossings.3. Reciprocal sowing and monitoring.
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Study zone What do we know? AdAptA Experiments
Experiment 3: Transcriptome analysis1. Generate F1 from central and marginal populations.2. Sow in low altitude peripheral location or similar
artificial conditions.3. Analyze seedling transcriptome, Illumina.
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.Blavet et al. (2011) BMC Genomics
Study zone What do we know? AdAptA Experiments Questions
Experiment 3: Transcriptome analysis• Best conditions to grow seedlings? • Next Generation Sequencing Plataform?
Local adaptation in marginal high mountain populations.
Ex situGreenhouse
In situ Field sowing
In situJiffy pots
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