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Cells ~ BiologyEdgar
Muscle Tissue Stomach Epithelium
Beta Cells – Islets of Langerhans Adipose Tissue
Organic Macromolecules
Monomers and Polymers
LACTASE: LCT (Single Mutation)
AMYLASE:AMY Gene (multiple copies)
High-Fructose
Corn Syrup
Enzyme
Concept Check
• Two molecules that can cross a lipid bilayer without help from membrane proteins are O2 and CO2. What properties allow this to occur?
Osmosis
Concept Check• This diagram represents osmosis
of water across a semipermeable membrane. The U-tube on the right shows the results of the osmosis. What could you do to level the solutions in the two sides of the right hand U-tube?a) Add more water to the left hand side.
b) Add more water to the right hand side.
c) Add more solute to the left hand side.
d) Add more solute to the right hand side.
Answer
•This diagram represents osmosis of water across a semipermeable membrane. The U-tube on the right shows the results of the osmosis. What could you do to level the solutions in the two sides of the right hand U-tube?
c) Add more solute to the left hand side.
Concept Check
• Why would water molecules need a transport protein (aquaporin) to move rapidily and in large quantities across a cell membrane?
Concept Check
• If a Paramecium were to swim from a hypotonic environment to an isotonic one, would the activity of its contractile vacuole increase or decrease? Why?
Jmol
Enzymes
Storage
Structural
Transport
Hormonal
Receptor
Contractile & Motor
Defensive
Enzymes
Make A Prediction
Temperature and pH?
LE 4-4a
Roughendoplasmicreticulum
Smoothendoplasmicreticulum
Nucleus
Flagellum
Lycosome
Centriole
Not in mostplant cells
Peroxisome
Microtubule
Intermediatefilament
Microfilament
Cytoskeleton
Golgiapparatus
Ribosomes
Plasma membrane
Mitochondrion
LE 4-4b
Not inanimalcells
Golgiapparatus
Nucleus
Centralvacuole
Chloroplast
Cell wall
Mitochondrion
Peroxisome
Plasma membrane
Rough endoplasmicreticulum
Smooth endoplasmicreticulum
Ribosomes
Microtubule
Intermediatefilament
Microfilament
Cytoskeleton
LE 4-5
Chromatin
Nucleolus
Pore
Nucleus
Two membranesof nuclear envelope
Roughendoplasmicreticulum
Ribosomes
LE 4-7
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Nuclearenvelope
Ribosomes
Smooth ER Rough ER
TE
M 4
5,0
00
LE 4-10a-1
Plasmamembrane
Rough ER
Lysosomes
Transport vesicle(containing inactivehydrolytic enzymes)
Golgiapparatus
LE 4-10a-2
Plasmamembrane
Rough ER
Lysosomes
Transport vesicle(containing inactivehydrolytic enzymes)
Golgiapparatus
Engulfmentof particle
“Food”
Foodvacuole
Digestion
LE 4-10a-3
Plasmamembrane
Rough ER
Lysosomes
Transport vesicle(containing inactivehydrolytic enzymes)
Golgiapparatus
Engulfmentof particle
“Food”
Foodvacuole
Digestion
Lysosomeengulfingdamagedorganelle
LE 4-10b
Lysosome
Nucleus
TE
M 8
,50
0
LE 4-10c
Lysosome containingtwo damaged organelles
TE
M 4
2,5
00
Mitochondrion fragment
Peroxisome fragment
LE 4-13
Transport vesiclefrom ER to GolgiRough ER
Nucleus
Smooth ER Nuclear envelope Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Vacuole
Plasmamembrane
Transport vesicle fromGolgi to plasma membrane
LE 4-12
LM
650
Centralvacuole
Nucleus
Contractilevacuoles
Nucleus
ChloroplastC
olo
rize
d T
EM
8,7
00
LE 4-14
ChloroplastStroma
Inner and outermembranes
Granum
Intermembranespace
TE
M 9
,750
LE 4-15
Mitochondrion
Intermembranespace
Outermembrane
Innermembrane
Cristae
Matrix TE
M 4
4,88
0
Figure 4.17a
Figure 4.17b
LE 4-18a
Vacuole
Wallsof twoadjacentplant cells
Plasmodesmata
Layersof one plantcell wall
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane
Table 4.19
Table 4.19
Table 4.19
Resting Potential
Action Potential
Synapse
Percent Change in Mass of Potato cores at different molarities of sucrose
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Sucrose Molarity w ithin beaker
Per
cen
t C
han
ge
in M
ass
Percent Change in Mass of Potato cores atdifferent molarities of sucrose
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