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Alice Muchugi, Simon Kangethe & John Innocent
ICRAF Genebank Brief- Promoting use and conservation of important indigenous trees
Programmer/Developer Workshop in ADDIS
21-25th November 2016
Why Agroforestry tree conservation?• Deforestation continues at an alarmingly high rates in many countries.
– global rate of deforestation between 2000-2010 was 13 million hectares.– At the end of the last millennium, around 10% of the world’s 60,000 to 100,000 tree
species were threatened with extinction. – Largest proportion of the loss in primary forests are mainly in ICRAF working regions
led by South America, followed by Africa and Asia. • Current IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (www.iucnredlist.org), which
indicates approximately 1,200 trees and shrubs as “critically endangered”, 1,700 as “endangered” and another 3,700 as “vulnerable‟ FRA (2010) Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010CD-ROM FAO Rome.
• Role of ICRAF tree genebank-Agroforestry germplasm resources:– Support ICRAF research projects with relevant germplasm information issues.– Avail ICRAF partners and visitors with relevant tree germplasm information – Facilitate acquisition of tree GR for ICRAF projects – Facilitate acquisition of tree GR for selection and breeding programs to add value to
the collections.
ICRAF Genebank• Ex situ genebank-5394 accessions representing 192 tree
species• Over 10,000 accessions of 44 species established either
from seeds or clonally located in 38 sites in 15 countries the different regions in Africa, Latin America South Asia and South East Asia.
• 2280 accession of 120 species are held at Kunming Institute of Botany genebank, China and the Millennium Seed Bank, UK as safety duplicates
• Over 500 accessions representing 120 agroforestry tree species deposited at Svalbard Global Seed Vault, Norway
Agroforestr y Tree Ger mplasm Management
Characterization Fruit/seed collected from planted or wild tree stands
Further growth evaluation inthe field
Low
see
d n
umbe
rs–
mul
tiplic
atio
n
Low
via
bilit
y –
rege
nera
tion
Seed extraction and cleaning
Seed drying and moisture determination
Viability and health assessment
Safety backup at Svalbard
Long-term storage/safety duplication with partners
Medium-term storage
Seed distribution
Documentation is a key activity in all processes
Periodic monitoring
Seedling growth & health evaluation at the nursery
Strychnos cocculoides Msekera, Zambia
Bactris gasipaes Ucayali, Peru
Irvingia wombolu Mbalmayo, Cameroon
Tamarindus indica Dinderesso, Burkina Faso
Guazuma crinita Ucayali, Peru
Warburgia ugandensis Muguga, Kenya
Recalcitrant seed propagation and testing
Field genebank activities
Field evaluation Seedling growth evaluation and distribution
Characterizing diversity
Morphological • Fruit shape diversity• Number of fruits per tree• Number of seeds per fruit Genetic
0
20
40
60
80
Zillat
eZil
l
Donkey E
ar
Kimunyi
Kent
Tommy A
tkins
Ngoe
Van Dyke
Vit C
(mg/
100
g) High vit. C
Mango varietyNutritional
Case Example 2: Dacryoides edulis
Fast growing cultivars and better product quality selection
A. Trees for Products
B. Trees for Servicesfruit firewood medicine income Sawn wood fodder
Soil fertility Carbon erosion watershed shade biodiversity
The right tree for the right place
Thank you
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