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General View of Korea Genebank(NAC) and its activities,Current status of Germplasm holdings in NAC(National Agrobiodiversity Center),Integrated PGR Management System,Current Research Activities
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Korea Genebank, National Agrobiodiversity Center
Korea Gene bank
Rural Development Administration
Overview
General View of Korea Genebank(NAC) and its activities
Current status of Germplasm holdings in NAC
Integrated PGR Management System
Current Research Activities
My research activities
Mission
Introduction & Collection
Useful species for crop improvement
Traditional landrace
Wild relatives of crop species
Conservation
Periodic viability tests
Multiplication
Evaluation & Characterization
Nationwide collaborative projects
Database construction
Utilization, Distribution & Exchange
Public & private users
Distribution of seeds and information
Rural Development Administration
Rural Development Administration
Planning and Managenment Office
Research Management Bureau
Extension Service Bureau
Farm Management and Information Office
Audit and Legal Affairs Office
Communication & Media Office
General Services Division
National Inst. of Ag. Science & Technology
National Inst. of Ag. Biotechnology
National Inst. of Ag. Engineering
National Horticultural Research Inst.
National Livestock Research Inst.
National Institute of Crop Science
National Inst. of Highland Agriculture
National Jeju Ag. Experiment Stn.
Korea National Agricultural College
Provincial Ag. Research
& Extension Services
City/county Ag.
Development
& Technology Centers
Region-specific Crop
Experiment Station
Provincial
govemor
City(county)
mayor
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
Rural Development Administration(RDA)
National Institute of Agricultural
Biotechnology(NIAB)
Nat’l Agrobiodiversity Center
(Korea Genebank)
Genetic Resources
Council (GRC)
Germplasm Advisory
Committee(GAC)
Collection &
Introduction
Integrated management of national
germplasm conservation
Documentation & Information
Network
Organization and function for national genetic resources system in Korea
(2)
Evaluation &
Regeneration
(6)
Conservation &
Distribution
(4)
(5) (2)
19 researchers
4 technicians
Storage Facilities
Room designation Capabilities Area Temperature Humidity
Storage Facilities
Long-term
Mid-term
Seed Drying Room
Packing Room
Laboratories &
Others
500,000 samples
500,000 samples
3~6% seed moisture
content
Reducing infiltration of
moisture
Monitoring seed viability,
machinery & database,
management
264
795
54
98
8,296
-18 + 1
4 + 1
15 + 3
20 + 3
Air-conditioned
m 2 oC %RH
40
30
10 + 5
30 + 5
Ambient
conditions
* An international standard recommended by IPGRI
Automated Long-term Storage Facility
Mid-term Storage Facility
Vacuumed aluminum foil pack and plastic bottle with silica gel indicator are used for long- & mid-term packing, respectively
Bar-code system for each accession
Cereal crops
76%
Vegetables & fruit
trees
10%
Industrial &
medicinal plants
12% Forage crops &
others
2%
Germplasm holdings
Crops
Cereal cropsVegetables & fruit treesIndustrial & medicinalplantsForage crops & others
No. of species
414462258
643
1,777
No. of accessions
116,22514,71918,555
3,807
153,306
No. of landrace accessions
22,974 (19.9%)5,188 (28.1%)2,346 (16.3%)
361 (9.5%)
20.5%
Germplasm collections in the NAC (2006)
Germplasm holdings
Collections of vegetatively propagating plants
Crops
Fruit treesFlowersVegetablesMedicinal plantsFiber cropsShrubs & grassesTuber and Others
Total
No. of species
253224463
32239
491
No. of accessions
7,2294,5852,2633,685155829
4,376
23,122
Flowers
20%Vegetables
10%
Medicinal plants
16%
Fiber crops
1%
Shrubs & grasses
4%
Tuber and Others
19%Fruit trees
30%
단백질 공급원의 효자종자, 콩
Gaeseongbaechoo Joseonjaerae roots of landrace cabbages
Soobicho Eumseongjaerae
Landrace peppers
Landrace Chinese cabbages
김치문화의 견인종자, 배추와 무
Hanyangjo Nokdudo
Hanagarikong
Landrace rice
Landrace soybeans
vegetables
738acc(27.8%)
Industrial grops
124acc(4.7%) Cereals and
Legumes
1789acc(67.5%)
Wild species conserved in NAC
Total: 2,651 accessions
Germplasm Exploration and Collection
Crop-specific collaborative explorations with different countries,
like Russia, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Nepal and other Central Asian
Regions have been done since 1997
Bilateral Agreement on PGR Exchange
Collaborative research and explorations under the MOU
Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan, Bulgaria, China and IPGRI-APO
Germplasm Exploration and Collection
Domestic explorations and collections were targeted to landraces
and wild relatives.
Landraces were collected directly from farmers and/or various sources such as research centers and universities.
Wild relatives were explored and collected from mountainous, islands, basins and hinter lands
Characterization and Evaluation
Since 1991, the NAC has been designated as a Center for World Sesame germplasm collection by FAO and IPGRI, and 1,600 accessions have been characterized and evaluated.
Crops
CerealsIndustrial &Medicinal plantsVegetablesOthers
Total
No. of conserved accessions
115,65818,461
14,3453,805
152,269
No. of characterized accessions
92,01911,121
8,1291,501
112,770
Ratio (%)
79.660.2
56.639.4
74.1
Characterization and Evaluation
1. Chinese Cabbage Landrace
2. Screening of Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) Resistance
3. characteristics of plant and spike type of weedy rice
토종유전자원 DNA 뱅크구축
Seedling for DNA extraction Genetic analysis
DNA Bank Construction for Korean Landraces
Landraces and rice core collection
Regeneration
Seed viability test is carried out every 5 to 10 years for the medium term storage, and every 10 to 20 years for the long-term storage.
Seeds with less than 80% have to be regenerated.
Regeneration of stored germplasm has been carried out in coordination between the NAC and affiliated experimental stations designated as national PGR centers.
Viability level <20% 20~60% 61~80% >81%
Ratio(%) 3.6 10.2 14.8 71.3
Germplasm Distribution & Utilization
Over 198,000 samples and elite lines, varieties, genetic stocks, improved cultivars of agronomic importance have been distributed
These materials have been used by various institutes for their crop improvement program
Distribution of germplasm has been sought with “no charge”
PeriodsDomestic
UsersForeign
InstitutesTotal
19852003 191,673 6,960 198,633
Documentation & Information Networking
Passport, stock, image, characterization, evaluation and distribution data etc. can be accessed at http://genebank.rda.go.kr/.
Network System
SubGenebank
Comprehensive
Networking of Ag.
PGR
Intranet
Information Man.
of PGR
Univ. & Private
Institutes
Intranet
Seed
Veg.Prop.
In vitro
Cryo
DNA ….
Web Master/
Manager
Man. PGR &
Contents
(C/S, Intranet)
General Client
Internet
Search for PGR Inf.
& Inquire Material
Transfer
Info. Exch.
Info. Sharing of PGR
Main Genebank
Sharing of GR
Documentation
Integrated PGR Management System
Sub-Genebank
4 Institutes w/ 12 Div.
8 Prov. RDA w/ 11 Div. & RS
Clonal Germplasm Repository
6 Institutes w/ 16 Div.
9 Prov.RDA w/ 29 Div.& RS
Designated PGR Centers
17 Univ. Research Labs
1 State-run Research Institute
NAC
Germplasm Exploration, Collection, Introduction, & Exchange
Long-term and Mid-term Storage
NAC HQ
NICS : Rice, Corn
NHRI : Vegetables, Flowers
NIHA: Carrot
Kyungbuk : Pepper
Kyunggi : Job’s tears
Honam R.I. : Rice, Wheat
Kangwon : Corn
Chungbuk: Cherry Tomato
Youngnam E. St. : Legumes
Kyungnam : Onion
Chunnam : Mung bean
Chungbuk: Water melon
Sub-Genebank
NICS: Medicinal Plants
NHRI : Fruit trees, Flowering trees
NIHA : Potato
Daegu : Apple
Kyunggi RDA : Cactus
Honam NICS : Herbs
Gangwon RDA : Mountain Herbs
Chungbuk : Grape
Youngnam : Peony
Kyungnam : Chrysanthemum
Naju E.St : Pear
Mokpo E.St : Garlic
NationalJeju Ag. Exp. St.: Citrus fruits
Chungnam RDA : Strawberry
Chunbuk RDA : Herbs
Chunnam : Tea
Kyungbuk : Persimmon
Jeju P.RDA : Citrus fruits, Cymbidium
Clonal Germplasm Repository
SNU : Rice, Bacteria
Korea Univ. : Herbs, Fungi
SWU: Virus
Kunkuk Uni. : Rice
Chungang Uni. Cucurbita
KAERI : Soybean
Mokwon Uni. : Bacteria
Chungnam Univ. Corn,
Brassica.
Kyungsang Univ. : Soybean, Barley
Chungbuk Univ. : Legumes
Kangwon Uni.: Perilla
Kyungbuk Univ.: Lily
Designated PGR Centers
Current Research Activities on the Conservation and Utilization of PGRs
In-situ Conservation
Surveying genetic diversity of wild soybean and Vigna species
Surveying weedy rice throughout the nation
Supporting on-farm management to restore diversity of landraces on farmers’ field
Evolutionary studies of genome diversification using molecular methods
Ex-situ Conservation
Collection and conservation of wild species of soybean (Glycine soja), Vigna, Brassica and weedy rice were conducted from their natural habitats or farmers’ field
Habitats of wild radish and leaf mustard
Ex-situ Conservation
Development of national safe conservation system for genetic stocks and mutant lines for functional genomic research
Expansion of vegetatively propagated collections to universities and private sectors
Development of in vitro and cryopreservation technology for garlic, potato and ginseng
Photographs of cotyledonary embryonic axis and plantlet formationfrom the cryopreserved samples of tea
Cryopreservation of V. P. plants
Ginseng seeds
GarlicDroplet vitrification
Garlic
Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources
Strengthening of evaluation for industrial uses of PGRs
Development of landrace core collection of rice, soybean, corn
and sesame based on agronomic characters and molecular
markers
Developing DNA profiles of core sets of main crops including
under utilized crops and vegetatively propagated crops
Molecular characterization & allele mining of genebank
accessions including EcoTILLING technology
Constructing expression profiles of resistant genes using RNA
profiles including DNA chip analysis
A case study for developing a core set of rice collection using theheuristic algorithm.
Heuristic Algorithm Core Set: 168 accessions, 1.62% Original Population: 10,368 accessions
My Research Activities
Diversity of Legume
Glycine soja : in situ conservation & diversity
development of collecting SOP
Vigna : Molecular systematics on the genus VignaGenetic diversity of V. nakashimae & wild adzuki bean
Re-identification of Korean Soybean landraces
selected representative 53 accessions
Selection of representative landrace soybean (Gumgangdaerip) – morphological & molecular data
Molecular systematics on Vigna
cpDNA TrnL-F intron & TrnL intergenic spacer
nrDNA ITS
Maximum parsimony analysis
- if the genus Vigna is monophyletic
- if the relationship among the subgenera is supported
- if the subgenus Plectotropisis a bridge between African and Asian Vigna