Location, Climate, and Natural Resources of theUnited Kingdom & Russia

Unit 1 Notes

Location of the UK

A country of islands off the coast of mainland Europe– Made up of Great Britain, Northern Ireland,

Scotland, & Wales

Location makes it a HUB for trade– Across the English Channel is France, west is

the Republic of Ireland, east is the Scandinavian Peninsula

– 10 major ports along UK’s coast!

United Kingdom

Consists of 4 regions:– England– Scotland– Wales– Northern Ireland

Location of UK

Leader in world shipping industry.Location has helped the UK become an international banking & insurance center– Has more foreign bank branches than any

country in the worldLocation on the Atlantic Ocean helps it trade with the US– US is the UK’s #1 trading partner!

Climate of the UK

Mild climate with rainfall throughout the year– No section goes without rain for more than 2

weeks!– Winters are mild and wet; summers are warmest

in the south

The Gulf Stream crosses the Atlantic Ocean & warms the country, making the winters milder than other European countries

: Climate Map

Natural Resources of the UK

Has deposits of coal, petroleum, natural gas, & iron ore– Form the backbone of the country’s

industry: auto production, steel manufacturing, & shipbuilding

Other resources include: zinc, lead, gold, tin, limestone, salt, clay, gypsum, potash, sand, & slate

Natural Resources in UK

Manufacturing is declining…Natural resources are being used up and industry is changing to cleaner forms of energy– Many people who once had jobs in mining and

manufacturing are being retrained for jobs in service industries

– 80% of the people work in service industries (tourism, health care, education, banking, & insurance)

Natural Resources in UK

Fishing is profitable along the shores of the UKNearly 25% of the country has arable land (fertile; good for farming)– Over half of the land is used for farms

Where People Live…

About 60 million people live in the United Kingdom.Land Area: 243,610 sq kmAround 90% of the UK’s people live in cities. – London has over 7 million people!

Tower Bridge in London

Location of Russia

Spans 2 continents: Europe & Asia!– So wide that a train trip across takes a week!

Shares a border with 15 countriesEastern side is bound by Pacific OceanNorthern side is bounded by Arctic Ocean– At its closest point, Russia & US are only 3

miles apart across Bering Strait!

Location of Russia

European Russia is mostly landlocked (difficult for trading via ship)2 exceptions: Murmansk & St. Petersburg

Climate of Russia

Only has 2 seasons—winter and summer– Average yearly temperature is below freezing

Asian Russia (Siberia) has the most extreme climate– lows -40 degrees & highs over 90 degrees

73% of population lives in European Russia (warmer)

Natural Resources

Vast forest for lumber are found here, but many have been cleared away for cities on the European sideDeposits of gold, aluminum ore, coal, & iron are found in the Ural MountainsVolga River (largest river in Europe) is a major source of hydroelectric

power

Natural Resources

Russia’s large size, rugged terrain, and cold climate make it difficult for Russians to use their resources

Where People Live…

Russia is one of the most populous countries in the world, with 145.5 million people.Land Area: 17,098,242 sq kmMost people live WEST of the Ural mountains, where the climate is mildest and the land is the most fertile.

St. Basil’s Cathedral

Comparing UK & Russia

Geographically very different:Russia is larger, with a coastline bordering the Arctic Ocean (ports are frozen much of the year)UK is an island country with a mild climate and many ports accessible all year round

Comparing UK & Russia

Natural Resources:Both have fossil fuels, like coal & oilUK’s are dwindling, but much of Russia’s coal and oil is untouchable because of the climate & size of the country