Biology 1.2 What’s important?

4 Plant Parts:1.Flower reproductive part Contains ovules and ovary which become the seed and fruit. Seed becomes embryo and fruit provides

nutrients

Biology 1.2 What’s important?

4 Plant Parts:1. Flower reproductive part Contains ovules and ovary which become the seed and fruit. Seed becomes embryo and fruit provides nutrients

2. Leaves – main photosynthetic part of plant where food is produced.

2. Leaves – main photosynthetic part of plant where food is produced.

3. Stem Functions include: a. supports the leaves and flowersb. transports nutrients and water

3. Stem Functions include:

a. supports the leaves and flowersb. transports nutrients and water

Two types of stems are:woody stems –

• found on trees and shrubs• are brown and rigid

herbaceous stem–• found on herbs • are green and flexible• called herbs includes flowers, and all plants

with flexible stem• Vines can be either

3. Stem

There are 4 types of plants based on their stem:A.Trees – have woody stems, & grow tall

B. Shrubs – have woody stems, and are

shorter

3. Stem There are 4 types of plants based on their stem:

A.Trees – have woody stems, & grow tallB.Shrubs – have woody stems, and are shorter

C. Herbs- include anything with a flexible, green stem and no tendrils. (ex. Tomato, daisy)

3. Stem There are 4 types of plants based on their stem:

A.Trees – have woody stems, & grow tallB.Shrubs – have woody stems, and are shorterC.Herbs- include anything with a flexible, green stem and no tendrils.

D. Vines •woody or herbaceous stem•stem grows along the ground•may have tendrils to wind around post, or trees.

3. Stem There are 4 types of plants based on their stem:A.Trees – have woody stems, & grow tallB.Shrubs – have woody stems, and are shorterC.Herbs- include anything with a flexible, green stem and no tendrils.D. Vines – can have a woody or a herbaceous stem, which grows along the ground, or may have tendrils to wind around post, or trees.

Two types of vines are:a. herbaceous vine Ex. cucumber plant

b. woody vine Ex. grape plant

3. Stem

Two types of vines are:a. herbaceous vine Ex. cucumber plantb. woody vine Ex. grape plant

4. RootsFunctions:• Anchors the plant in soil• absorbs water, nutrients & minerals• stores food• reproduction called vegetative reproduction

which is when roots spread out and make new plants

Vegetative Reproduction

4. RootsFunctions:• Anchors the plant in soil• absorbs water, nutrients & minerals• stores food• reproduction called vegetative reproduction which is when roots spread out and make new plants

Types of root systemsA. taproot – main root grows straight down

w/small secondary roots growing off of the main root

Ex. carrot

4. RootsTypes of root systems

A. taproot – main root grows straight down w/small secondary roots growing off of the main root

Ex. carrot

B. fibrous roots – the main root is small and secondary roots are many ex. grasses

Plant parts are divided into two plant systems

Shoot system – above the ground and includes stem, flower, and leaves

Root system – part below the ground includes the roots

Shoo

t Sys

tem

Root

Sy

stem

More about leaves:

Parts of a leaf:•petiole – stalk that attaches blade to

stem•blade – central flat part•midrib – on many plants but not all, it is

the central vein running down the leaf (veins – carry nutrients and water)

More about leaves:

Part of a leaf:•petiole – stalk that attaches blade to stem•blade – central part•midrib – on many plants but not all is the central vein running down the leaf (veins –

carry nutrients and water)

Three basic leaf shapes:1. broad and flat (maple, oak)2. long and narrow (onions, lilies)3. needle or scale like (pines, cedars)

Broad leafLong, narrow

Needle - like

Shapes of broad leaves: elliptical oval ovate (triangular) obovate (reverse of ovate) lance-shaped heart shaped arrow shaped

Shapes of broad leaves: elliptical oval ovate (triangular) obovate (reverse of ovate) lance-shaped heart shaped arrow shaped

Types of Leaf margins (around the outside edge):1. entire – smooth edge2. toothed – jagged edge ex. Holly3. lobed - has lobes ex. oak

Entire

Three basic leaf margins

Divisions of leaves:Simple leaves – no division in leaf at

midrib

Divisions of leaves:Simple leaves – no division in leaf at midrib

Compound leaves – where the midrib had dividedthe leaf completely and each side looks identical.