Facilitating Busines Interoperability from the Semantic Web

Semantic Integration and Retrieval of Multimedia Metadata

Facilitating Business Interoperability from the Semantic Web

Roberto García, Rosa GilUniversitat de Lleida, Spain


Contents

Introduction Proposal Ontological framework Integration framework Conclusions Future Work


Contents



Introduction

Networked Business to Business Interoperability Standardisation approach

Define common lingua Usually based on an XML Schema formalisation

No one-fits-all solution Proliferation: Biztalk, RosettaNet, ebXML, UML, BPEL… Sofistication: domain complexity

Complexity + HeterogeneityBusines Information Systems difficult to manage and integrate


Introduction

Some existing standards: OASIS

ebXML, Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language CPPA (Collaboration Protocol Profile and Agreement) BP (Business Process) …

BPEL-WS, Web Services Business Process Execution Language UBL, Universal Business Language

Microsoft BizTalk RosettaNet …

Common aspects: non formal semantics and XML-based


Contents



Proposal

Semantic Metadata and Ontologyfacilitate management and integration

Semantic Approach to BIS Related work:

The Enterprise Ontology eCl@ss OWL (Web Ontology) EDI Ontology (OWL) RosettaNet Ontology (OWL)


Proposal

Limitations: Whole effort for each XML standard formalised Break with existing XML based BIS Lack momentum, ontological framework but no data

Alternative: Automate XML formalisation (at least to some extent) Keep links to existing XML based BIS Also map existing data


Contents



Ontological Framework

ebXML, WSBPEL, UBL, RosettaNet,… XML Semantic Web

“XML Semantics Reuse Methodology”ReDeFer implementation XSD2OWL: schema to ontology XML2RDF: XML instance data to RDF instances



ReDeFer XSD2OWLMappings:

owl:intersectionOfowl:unionOf

sequencechoice

owl:maxCardinalityowl:minCardinality

@maxOccurs@minOccurs

rdfs:subClassOfextension@base|restriction@base

owl:RestrictioncomplexType//element

owl:ClasscomplexType|group|attributeGroup

rdfs:rangeelement@type

rdfs:subPropertyOfelement@substitutionGroup

rdf:Propertyowl:DatatypePropertyowl:ObjectProperty

element|attribute

OWLXML Schema



ebXML BP classes Hierarchy from XSD

complex types andextension relations



Apply methodology to existing XML standards ebXML

Collaboration Protocol Profile and Agreement (ebCPPA)cpp-cpa-v1_0.owl

Business Process (ebBP) ebbp-2.0.3.owl

BPEL-WS Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WSBPEL)

business-process.owl Integrate RosettaNet Ontology (from LSDIS, Univ. of Georgia)



A generic XML semantics reuse methodology Already validated in other domains:

Multimedia: MPEG-7 ontology (W3C MMSEM XG) Digital Rights Management: MPEG-21 ontologies (MPEG) Newspapers: IPTC, NewsML and NITF ontologies


Ontological Framework: Instances

ReDeFer XML2RDF: XML tree RDF graph.

Deduce blank node types (i.e. XSD Complex Types) from XSD2OWL ontologies restrictions.

Root

elem elemelem

elem elem

Empty Text

elemattr

Empty Text Text Text

Blank nodes

rdf:Properties

XML tree model RDF graph model


Ontological Framework: Instances

ebXML CPP example from XML to RDF (fragment) Includes XML tree but also XSD complex types


Contents



XML2RDF

RosettaNet

Ontology

RDF

RDF

ebXML Ontology

XML

Integration

Retrieval

DL Classifier

SWRL Engine

XSD2OWL

XMLSchemas: ebXML, BPEL-WS...

RDFS / OWL: RosettaNet...

BIS Semantic Data

BIS XML Data

Integration Framework

Load Ontological Framework



Integrate Ontologies OWL semantic relations for equivalence and inclusion: subClassOf, subPropertyOf, equivalentClass, equivalentProperty, sameIndividualAs, etc.

More complex mappings using Semantic Web Rules Generate mappings:

OWL Ontology Aligner User supervision



ebXML BP to ebXML CPA mappings

ebbp:locationebbp:Roleebbp:type

ebbp:mimeTypeebbp:RoleType

ebbp:ProcessSpecificationTypeebbp:Start

ebbp:ProcessSpecificationebbp:valueebbp:nameebbp:uri

ebbp:BusinessActionebbp:isAuthenticated

Specification...

≡≡≡≡≡≡≡≡≡≡ ≡≡

cppa:locationcppa:Rolecppa:typecppa:mimetypecppa:RoleTypecppa:ProcessSpecificationTypecppa:Startcppa:ProcessSpecificationcppa:valuecppa:namecppa:uricppa:actioncppa:authenticatedcppa:ProcessSpecification...



ebXML BP to BPEL-WS mappings

ebbp:expressionebbp:expressionLanguage

ebbp:nameebbp:pattern

ebbp:Variableebbp:PreCondition

ebbp:BusinessPartnerRole...

≡≡≡≡≡≡

bpel:expressionbpel:expressionLanguagebpel:namebpel:patternbpel:variablebpel:conditionbpel:partnerRole...


XML2RDF

RosettaNet

Ontology

RDF

RDF

ebXML Ontology

XML

Integration

Retrieval

DL Classifier

SWRL Engine

XSD2OWL



BIS Semantic Data

BIS XML Data



XML2RDF

RosettaNet

Ontology

RDF

RDF

ebXML Ontology

XML

Integration

Retrieval

DL Classifier

SWRL Engine

XSD2OWL



BIS Semantic Data

BIS XML Data




Semantics into practice Scenario: the previous ebXML CPP example

Semantics formalised by ebXML CPPA Ontology Semantics connected to data through references to:

Classes, and their hierarchy, for XSD complex types Properties, and their hierarchy/restrictions, for XSD elements



Semantics into practice Task: get all SignalEnvelope types

XML tools: many XQueries and aware of schema structure Semantic tools: 1 query, unaware and support changes

PREFIX ebbp: <http://rhizomik.net/ontologies/2006/06/ebbp-2.0.3.owl#>SELECT ?rWHERE (?r <rdf:type> ebbp:SignalEnvelopeType)


Contents



Conclusions

XML2RDF

RosettaNet

Ontology

RDF

RDF

ebXML Ontology

XML

Integration

Retrieval

DL Classifier

SWRL Engine

XSD2OWL



BIS Semantic Data

BIS XML Data


Conclusions

XSD2OWLtake profit from XML Schema hidden semantics We formalise them when building ontologies, but also

implicitly when we make XML Schemas

Ontologies from XSD ebXML, BPEL-WS… and more to come (automatic)

First formalisation step Hook more detailed semantics Map to other ontologies


Conclusions

XML2RDF: reuse existing XML metadata to add momentum to Semantic Web BIS Model XML tree as graph Enrich with links to concepts in ontologies Facilitate implementation using Semantic Web tools

(DL reasoners, rule engines, semantic queries,…)


Contents



Future Work

Map other Business XML Schemas to OWL More detailed integration (also rules) Advanced ontology alignment tools Formal business ontology as hub for integration Demonstrator: simple semantic BIS …


Thank you for your attention

More at:

http://rhizomik.net …/redefer (mapping tools)

…/ontologies/bizontos (eBiz ontologies)

Contact:

{rgarcia,rgil}@diei.udl.cat