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Financiamento Habitacional
Composição do PIB 2008 por sectores
Indices de Competitividade InternacionalFonte: Banco Mundial, Doing Business 2009
Facilidade em...200
9200
8
Variação
Indice Geral 168 169 1
Começar um negócio 156 176 20
Obtenção de licenças de Construção 125 134 9
Empregar pessoal 174 175 1
Registo de Propriedade 173 169 -4
Obtenção de Crédito 84 79 -5
Protecção dos Investidores 53 49 -4
Pagamento de Impostos 130 126 -4
Comércio Transfronteiriço 172 169 -3
Cumprimento de contractos 179 179 0
Fechar o negócio 142 141 -1
• Criado para a implementação do Programa Governamental para a construção de 1 milhão de habitações no quadriénio 2009-2012
• O Governo defende as seguintes estratégias para a sua implementação:– Regulamentação do sistema de crédito habitacional;– Criação de isenções e ou reduções de impostos sobre a
aquisição de imóveis e concessão de terrenos para a construção de residências;
– Aprovar directivas gerais da política de afectação de terrenos para fins habitacionais
• Meta: 1,000,000 de fogos– 150.000 habitações - Sector Público 11,2%– 120.000 habitações - Sector Privado 12%– 80.000 habitações - Cooperativas 8%– 685.000 habitações - Auto-construtores (rurais/ urbanos) 68,5%
Politica Habitacional do Estado
• Inicio primeiro semestre 2009• Financiar a compra de casas para as famílias de baixa renda• Subsidiar arrendamentos• Financiar cooperativas de habitação • Financiar projectos imobiliários• Financiar projectos de autoconstrução dirigida• Papel do estado:
– Orientador– Regulador– Financiador
• Prioridades:– Pessoas de baixos recursos
• Valor: 50 mil milhões de dólares– 12,5 mil milhões por ano (equivalente a 24% dos gatos do estado para
o ano 2009)
Fundo de Fomento Habitacional
Fundo de Fomento Habitacional
DW Social Enterprise Model
• Social Enterprise is a business with primarily social objectives.
• It works in the market place employing good commercial practice.
• It is able to atract financial capital investments.
• But it’s surpluses are principally reinvested in order to achieve significant social impact.
Social Housing Project
Financial Product
Physical ProductPhysical Product
End UsersEnd UsersKixi Credito
Kixi Credito
Guarantor Guarantor
HabiTerra Building
Components
HabiTech ProjectFund
ProjectFund
CLIFFDWADWA
SupplyChain
PSI / Investor
Equity Funds
Debt Financer
Debt Financer
Organigram
Unserved Demand for Housing
Potential Housing Finance ClientsEntrepreneur &
Employee 1%
Salaried Employees
38%
Non-Contract Workers
9%
Micro-Entrepreneur
52%
Economic Sector of Potential Housing Finance Clients
Agriculture1%
Trade53%
Services42%
Manufacturing4%
GovernmentPrograms
NGOs
GovernmentPrograms
NGOsNo access t o formal
housing
MortgageBanks
MortgageBanks
ConsumerLenders
ConsumerLenders
CooperativesCooperatives
High Income
Low Income Demand for Housing FinanceDemand for Housing FinanceLowest
Subsidies
Slum Residents
Target Beneficiaries of HabiTec
Middle Class
Mortgage
Economically
Act ive Poor
Potentially Housing MicroFinance Clients
Vulnerable GroupsHeavilly Subsidised Housing
Elit e 25%
Banked
60%
Not Banked
15%
Un-Bankable
Potent ial Market Segment Pyramid
Bankable
Target Beneficiaries
Slum Dwellers
Formal Housing
Huambo Post-Conflict Target Community
Indicators
Luanda
Huam
bo
National
GDP per capita (US$) 3,476 489 2,422
Poverty Index % 49.1 60.5 59.7
Unemployment Rate % 20.9 37.5 27.4
Business Volume %[1] 71.2 4.2 100.
0
[1] Percentage of national business transactions that occur by province.
Regional Targeting
HabiTerra Project at Quissala• The project is the first phase of the an overall development
of a 120Ha site at Quissala bairro, owned by DWA, located across the road from the main market in Huambo.
• The city of Huambo is the second largest within the country and suffered a large amount of destruction and damage during the civil war that ended in 2002.
• Currently there are no organisations or company delivering any housing or housing finance products within this market segment of the working poor.
• DWA will set the precident for housing and housing finance delivery with this project, both to focus the local and central government and the financial sector interest by doing the project.
• DWA has excellent relationship with both the local authority and the central government and it is expected that this project will have a significant impact politically.
Project Description:
Number of Units: 120 in phase 1 Phase 2 & 3
scaled up to 2,500 units
Land Status: Owned by DWA, being re-zoned
Bulk Services:
Water Supply Borehole with standpipe serving 50 households
Seweage Improved DryPit Latrines
Electricity Not Included
Roads Graded and compacted earth
Average Plot Size: 250.00 m2
HabiTerra Auto-Construção
KixiCasa – Microfinance for Auto-Construção
• Credit will be provided to owner builder to construct from scratch and expand the client’s home or through various micro-loans.
• The technical assistance needs of the participants varies from family to family including finance, housing advice, design, cost estimates, and supervision.
• Tools to estimate the construction budget are effective for control of construction costs, and ensure that loan reimbursements cover the needs of customers.
• DW does skills upgrading for: masons, carpenters and construction supervisors in improved techniques of housing construction.
End User Finance
Purpose:
Designed for incremental home construction & land purchase
Type: Individual
Target Customer Base: Salaried employees (primarily) and Micro-entrepreneurs and
Interest Rate: 24% on a declining basis
Loan Amount Range: USD 3000 to USD 6000
Loan Amount Average: USD 3500
Maturi ty: Up to 36 months, with an average of 24 months
Compulsory Upfront Savings 20%
Repayment Frequency: Monthly
El igibi l i ty: Clients with the requisite capacity to repay; client ability to prove security client ability to prove land security through the life of the loan repayment period. Low-paid salaried employees.
Collateral: Solidarity Group or Guarantors (2)
Portfol io share Expected to constitute approximately 75% of the KixiCrédito Housing Portfolio
Housing Upgrading Loans
Purpose:
Designed for incremental home improvement
Type: Individual
Target Customer Base:
Salaried employees (primarily) and Micro-entrepreneurs and
Interest Rate: 24% on a declining basis
Loan Amount Range:
USD 800 to USD 3000
Loan Amount Average:
USD 1800
Maturity: Up to 12 months, with an average of 10 months
Compulsory Upfront Savings
none
Repayment Frequency:
Monthly
Eligibi l i ty: Clients debt load not exceeding 30%
Collateral: Solidarity Group
Portfol io share Expected portfolio (at least 25%)
Housing & Support Services
Intcremental Housing Model
Site LayoutPhase One
30 meters sq.
Phase Two
45 meters sq.
Phase Three
60 meters sq.
Incremental House Tipologia
Incremental Housing Typology
Qissala Urbanism Plan
CLIFF 1st Phase Financing
CLIFF Capital Requirement
£ 815,731.28
$ 1,305,170.05
CLIFF Finance Type LoanRecycling
% Recycled 85% .
% Retained 15% Based on Recycled funds
% Return 85%Return Payments After 4 years
Opportunities & Challenges• The Angolan Government has committed itself to the building of
1,000, 000 housing units by the end of 2012.
• 670,000 of these houses are to be built by auto-construcao.
• They have also promised to provide 80% coverage of water and sanitation units through the Water for All Programme.
• Banks however are reluctant to provide housing mortgages due to the weak land tenure legislation and loan guarantees.
• Development Workshop has been invited by the Municipality of Huambo to build the countries first municipal cadastre system.
• DW has been invited by the Minister of Urbanism to advise on national urban & housing policy.
• We have a strategic opportunity to influence national policies on financing of pro-poor housing through the CLIFF Programme.