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TECHNOLOGY INPUTS FOR KHADI CLUSTER ACTIVITY
Prof. R.B.Chavan
Former Professor, IIT Delhi
Consultant
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Rural industrialization
Wardha (Maharashtra)
AIMS OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENTS
1. TO START SUITABLE MANUFACTURING ACTIVITY
3. EMPLOYEMNT GENERATION
4. ENHANCING THE EANGRNING OF INDIVIDUALS
5. USE OF LOCAL RAW MATERIALS
6. VALUE ADDITION OF LOCAL RAW MATERIALS
7. PREVENTING THE MIGRATION OF LOCAL
POPULATION TO CITIES
8. DEVELOPMENT OF REGION OF CLUSTER ACTIVITY
VALUE ADDITION
CONVERSION OF RAW MATERIAL TO VALUE ADDED SALEABLE PRODUCT
EXAMPLE ORANGE OR ANY FRUIT ITSELF IS SALABLE
PRODUCT
VALUE ADDITION OF ORANGE OR ANY FRUIT
EXTRACTION OF FRUIT JUICE
FRUIT JUICE WILL FETCH MORE PRICE
THIS IS WHAT IS KNOWN AS VALUE ADDITION
EXTRACTION OF JUICE FROM FRUIT WILL ALSO CREATE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
WHAT IS NEEDED
SUITABLE EQUIPMENT FOR EXTRACTION OF JUICE FROM FRUIT
SKILL FOR THE OPERATION OF MACHINE
KNOWLEDGE FOR THE REPAIR OF MACHINE
SALE THE FRUIT LOCALLY AS SOON AS IT IS EXTRACTED
OR
PACK THE JUICE AND SALE IT LOCALLY OR OTHER PLACES
THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTION OF JUICE FROM FRUIT IS KNOWN AS
MANUFACTRING OF JUICE
MASS PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTION BY MASSES
MASS PRODUCTION
MANUFACTRING OF PRODUCT ON LARGE SCALE BY USING SOPHISTICATED MACHINE AND BY USING MINIMUM MANPOWER
• LARGE PRODUCTION
• MINIMUM EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
• LARGE CAPITAL INVESTMENT
• LARGE SPACE
• EASY TO MAINTAIN QUALITY OF PRODUCT
PRODUCTION BY MASSES
MANUFACTURING ON SMALL SCALE
IS IT POSSIBLE TO DO LARGE SCALE PRODUCTION BY USING THE PRINCIPLE OF
PRODUCTION BY MASSES
YES
SMALL SCALE PRODUCTION OF SAME PRODUCT AT DIFFERENT PLACES BY THE GROUP OF PEOPLE
THIS MODEL IS KNOWN AS CLUSTER ACTIVITY
MANUFACTURE OF KHADI IS TYPICAL EXAMPLE OF CLUSTER ACTIVITY
STEPS INVOLVED IN KHADI MANUFACTURE
DEFINITION
CLOTH PRODUCED BY HAND SPINNING AND HAND WEAVING
FIBRES USED
• COTTON
• SILK
• WOOL
STEPS INVOLVED IN COTTON KHADI PRODUCTION
RAW MATERIAL COTTON FROM FIELD
GINNING: REMOVAL OF COTTON SEEDS
CONVERSION OF FIBRE INTO ROVING
CONVERSION OF ROVING INTO YARN (SPINNING)
CONVERSION OF YARN INTO FABRIC (WEAVING)
DYEING
PRINTING
FINISHING
GARMENT MANUFACTURE
LARGE NUMBER OF STEPS
GOOD PRODUCT FOR CLUSTER ACTIVITY
VALUE ADDITION AT EACH STEP
GINNING : REMOVAL OF COTTON SEEDS
GINNED COTTON IS EXPENSIVE THAN COTTON WITH SEEDS
FIBRE TO ROVING VALUE ADDITION
ROVING TO YARN VALUE ADDITION
YARN TO FABRIC VALUE ADDITION
FABRIC DYEING, PRINTING, FINISHING VALUE ADDITION
FABRIC TO GARMENT VALUE ADDITION
SCOPE FOR CLUSTER ACTIVITY
GINNING
MACHINE REQUIRED ONE (GINNING MACHINE)
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION UPTO 5 PERSONS
FIBRE TO ROVING
MACHINES REQUIRED FIVE
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION MORE THAN 10 PERSONS
ROVING TO YARN (SPINNIG)
MACHINE REQUIRED ONE (AMBER CHARKHA)
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION ONE PERSON PER CHARKHA
EACH OF FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN CLUSTER
YARN TO FABRIC (WEAVING)
MACHINE USED HANDLOOM
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
1-2 PERSONS PER LOOM + WHOLE FAMILY FOR OTHER WEAVING RELATED WORK
FABRIC DYEING, PRINTING, FINISHING
MACHINES USED 3-5
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
3-5 PERSONS FOR EACH ACTIVITY
GARMENT STICHING
MACHINES GARMENT STITCHING MACHINE
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
1 PERSON PER STITCHING MACHINE + PERSONS FOR CLOTH CUTING AND GARMENT PRESSING
TECHNICAL INPUTS REQUIRED
• KNOWLEDGE OF PROCESS PARAMETERS
• MACHINE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE
• QUALITY ASSURANCE
• PRODUCT DEVELOPMNT
• MARKETING
TECHNICAL INPUTS AVAILABLE
FROM
MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF RURAL INDUSTRIALIZATION
QUALITY ASSURANCE MANUALQUALITY ASSURANCE MANUAL
ESSENTIAL TO SET UP QUALITY ASSURANCE LABORATORIES IN DIFFERENT ZONES
BOOKLET ON FINISHING OF KHADI GARMENTS
TECHNOLOGY OF DYEING OF KHADI WITH NATURAL DYES
TECHNOLOGY OF MERCERIZATION OF KHADI YARN
TECHNOLOGY READY FOR TRANSFER
TECHNOLOGY READY FOR TRANSFER