US Wine Industry Part 2 of 7

Wine Industry An overview of the industry; from history, to laws, market and

investor outlooks in the U.S.

Page Title: Page Numbers:

History of Wine in the U.S.

5

U.S. Profile 9

Federal Laws & Regulations

16

State Regulations 30

Trading Landscape 46

Consumer Profile 57

Wine Varieties in the U.S. 64

Pricing 93

Page Title: Page Numbers:

Company Profile 101

Top 5 Wine Producing States

109

Wine Regions 132

California Wine Regions 191

Market Overview 219

Investor Outlook 235

Future Potential 250

Work Cited 256

State Regulations:An overview of the 5 states that consume the most wine and a look at shipping within the states.

State Regulation: Wine Consumption By State-

Maryland 25.7 Liters Per Capita

New Hampshire 19.6 Liters Per Capita

Vermont 17.5 Liters Per Capita

Massachusetts 16.9 Liters Per Capita

New Jersey 14.9 Liters Per Capita

compiled by author from beveragetradenetwork.com

State Regulation:Direct to Consumer-

Washington California OregonNevada Idaho TexasMontana Wyoming ColoradoNew Mexico Kansas NebraskaNorth Dakota Minnesota IowaMissouri Louisiana Wisconsin Illinois Michigan OhioWest Virginia Tennessee HawaiiVirginia New York VermontNorth Carolina Maryland Maine South Carolina New Jersey Georgia

Shipping Conditions: Easy and No Restrictions

Compiled by author from ://buyingguide.winemag.com

State Regulation:Direct to Consumer-

New Hampshire Arizona ConnecticutFlorida Indiana Alaska

Massachusetts Alabama Rhode IslandDelaware Pennsylvania KentuckyMississippi Arkansas OklahomaUtah

Shipping Conditions: Some Restrictions

Shipping Conditions: Prohibited or Very Difficult

Compiled by author from ://buyingguide.winemag.com

State Regulation:State Facts- Maryland

Maryland:

Legal Amount: 18 Cases Per Household Per Year

In-state Shipping: Yes

Regional Limitations

on Shipping: No

Regulations: None

Tax: $.40/Gallon +9% Sales

Tax

Compiled by author from buyingguide.winemag.com

State Regulation:State Facts- New Hampshire

New Hampshire:

Legal Amount: 12 Cases Per

Household Per Year


Regional Limitations on

Shipping: Can’t ship to:

Ellsworth, Millsfield, Monroe or

Sharon

Regulations: If selling 600 L

of same brand must sell

equal value to the state

liquor commission

Tax: N/A


State Regulation:State Facts- Vermont

Vermont:

Legal Amount: 12 Cases Per Household Per Year


Regional Limitations

on Shipping: No

Regulations: UPS doesn’t deliver direct

shipments for on or off site sales

Tax: $.55/Gallon

+ State Sales Tax


State Regulation:State Facts- Massachusetts

Massachusetts:


Household Per Year


Regional Limitations on Shipping: No but service

may be denied by common

carriers

Regulations: they can ship from wineries

that don’t have a

relationship with MA but carries can

deny it

Tax: $.55/Gallon


State Regulation:State Facts- New Jersey

New Jersey:


Household Per Year


Regional Limitations on Shipping: No

Regulations: Can do direct-to-consumer

shipping, FedEx does not deliver

direct shipments

Tax: $.87/Gallon +

State Sales Tax


Trading Landscape:Exporting, importing and direct-to-consumer overviews.

Trading:Exports-

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011270280290300310320330340350360 353.3 354.3

301.1

325.3319.4

Total Sum of Exports:

Total Sum of Exports

Milli

on o

f Lite

rs

Compiled by author from source by Sumner, D.A

Trading:Exports- Top Locations

The European Union, $518 millionCanada, $487 millionJapan, $101 million China, $71 millionHong Kong $69 millionMexico, $24 millionSouth Korea, $22 million

Top Locations

for Exported

U.S. Wine:

Compiled by author from wineinstitute.org

Trading:Imports- Top Wine Type

Imported

78.4% ($822,1 Million)Bottled Wines

15.6% ($4.106,5 Million) Sparkling Wines

6.0% ($314,5 Million)Bulk Wines

Top Wines Imported into the U.S.:

Compiled by author from oiv.intImages from google.com

Trading:Imports- Key Suppliers

Spain $340,5 Million

Argentina $379,5 Million

Australia $499,4 Million

France $1.436,6 Million

Italy $1.609,4 Million

Compiled by author from oiv.int

Trading:Direct To Consumers- Facts

In 1985, no states permitted direct shipping In 1998, 17 states allowed wineries to ship to the consumer Today, 41 states allow wine to be delivered from out-of-state wineries

California

33.2%Texas8.9%

New York6.1%

Florida6.0%

Illinois4.3%

Top 5 Wine Shipment Destinations:

Complied by author from source shipcompliant.com

Consumer Profile:A look at the consumers that drink wine in the U.S.

Consumer Profile: Who Consumes Wine?

About 5% of the U.S. population ever buys wine over $20

About 35% of U.S. adults do not drink wine at all

About 21% drink beer but not wine

About 15% of the U.S. adult population drinks wine more than once a week

Compiled by author from winesearcher.com

Consumer Profile: High End versus Not High-

California

Washington

Oregon

New York

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Percentage of High End vs Non-High End Purchasing Do-mestic Wine from California 2014:

Not High End High End

Compiled by author from grapesandgrainsnyc.com

Consumer Profile: Consumption by Frequency-

0.15,

0.29,

0.21,

0.35,

U.S. Adult Wine Drinkers:

High FrequencyOccasionalNon-AdopterAbstainer

33%

67%

Wine Drinking Frequency:

Several Times Per Week Occasionally

Compiled by author from beverageexecutivesymposium.com and lizthach.wordpress.com

40% Of U.S. Adults

Drink Wine

Consumer Profile:Consumption by Gender &

Ethnicity-

Female54%Male

46%

Percentage of Total Wine Drinking Population

(By Gender):

Female Male

82%

8%

5%4% 1%

Wine Drinker Population by Ethnicity:

CaucasionAfrican Amer-icanHispanicAsian AmericanOther

Compiled by author from beverageexecutivesymposium.com and wine market

Consumer Profile:Social Media Venues Used-

Wine B

logs

Wine

ry S

ites

Wine

.com

Flash

Site

s

Wine S

earch

er

25%

38%32%

18% 19%

Frequent of Occasional Vis-itation:

Percentage of Visitation

Facebook

YouTube

Twitter

Pinterest

LinkedIn

0% 5% 10%15%20%25%30%35%40%

36%

18%

16%

12%

7%

Regularly Used for Wine Discussion:

Social Media Venues

Compiled by author from beverageexecutivesymposium.com

Contact Us for the Full Presentation:

Mediacontact USA Inc.13575 58TH Street North #160

Clearwater, Fl. 33760

T: 727 538 4112E: [email protected]

www.mediacontactusa.com

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.mediacontactusa.com/

Work Cited: "6 Washington Wineries Named in Top 100 Wines in the World - Puget Sound Business Journal." Puget Sound Business Journal. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/blog/2014/09/6-washington-wineries-named-in-top-100-wines-in.html "2015 Direct to Consumer: Wine Shipping Report." ShipCompliant. Wines & Vines Winery. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://info.shipcompliant.com/hs-fs/hub/206013/file-

2458438109-pdf/2015DTCReport.pdf?&__hssc=85226438.5.1423584177660&__hstc=85226438.d3786f132cda27629144eaca17b537b6.1423584177659.1423584177659.1423584177659.1&hsCtaTracking=f4294385-1446-4ae0-a871-25df06>.

Abeyta, A. Scott. "Federal Wine Regulations." Viticulture. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://viticulture.hort.iastate.edu/info/pdf/fedwineregs.pdf>. "About El Dorado." Winery Association. El Dorado Winery Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://eldoradowines.org/about.php "About | J&D Cellars Winery and Vineyard | Eighty Four Pennsylvania." JD Cellars Winery and Vineyard Eighty Four Pennsylvania. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

http://www.jndcellars.com/html/about/ "About Missouri Wine." Hermann Wine Trail. Hermann Vintners Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://hermannwinetrail.com/about-missouri-wine/ "About NJ Wine." Garden State Wine Growers Association. Garden State Wine Growers Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.newjerseywines.com/about-nj-wine/ "About Pennsylvania Wines | Pennsylvania Winery Association." About Pennsylvania Wines | Pennsylvania Winery Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2015.

http://www.pennsylvaniawine.com/about-pennsylvania-wine "About Pennsylvania Wines." Pennsylvania Wines. Pennsylvania Winery Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.pennsylvaniawine.com/about-pennsylvania-wine "About Us." Coeur Wine Co. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.http://www.coeurwineco.com/about-us/ All Images Used from google.com https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=google%20images "At What Rate Is Oregon's Wine Industry Growing? - Oregon Wines." At What Rate Is Oregon's Wine Industry Growing? - Oregon Wines. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2015.

http://www.oregonwines.com/wine101.php?SectionID=5&FaqID=41 "Augusta Region." Missouri Wine Country. MissouriWineCountry.com, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.missouriwinecountry.com/augusta/ "A Wine Trail - Ohio River Valley Wine Trail (formerly the Nicholas Longworth Wine Trail)-Southwest Ohio." Ohio Wine Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.ohiowines.org/cgi-bin/winery_12.pl?xrv "Bern's Steak House - Our Wine Cellar." Bern's Steak House. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. http://www.bernssteakhouse.com/Berns-Wine-Cellar "Boisset Family Estates Launches Boisset Wine Living Division." Wine Enthusiast Web Edition. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2015.

http://www.winemag.com/November-2014/Boisset-Family-Estates-Launches-Boisset-Wine-Living-Division/ Bonné, Jon. "The Little Appellation That Could / With Only 189 Acres, Cole Ranch Is the Nation's Tiniest AVA, Proving That Small Can Be Beautiful." SFGate. Hearst

Communications Inc, 23 Feb. 2007. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.sfgate.com/wine/article/The-little-appellation-that-could-With-only-189-2646567.php Boyd, Gerald. "Wine Production Overview." Wine Facts. Sonoma County Vintners, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.sonomawine.com/about-sonoma-county/wine-facts

Work Cited: "Brands Owned by Big, Corporate Wineries: The Master List To Check If Your Brand Is Independent or Part of a Big, Hulking Winery N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Oct.

2015.http://www.winefornormalpeople.com/brands-owned-by-big-corporate-wineries-the-master-list-to-check-if-your-brand-is-independent-or-part-of-a-big-hulking-winery/

"Brokers Information." NH.Gov. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://www.nh.gov/liquor/brokersinformation.shtml.>. Caymus Vinyards Web. 6 Oct. 2015. http://www.caymus.com/#/visit-us Cawg Summer Conference, July 23, 201. U.S. Wine Market Update & Insights (n.d.): n. pag. Web. http://209.210.50.195/docuserfiles/files/Gillespie%20CAWG

%202015%20Presentation.pdf "Cellar Tours Blog." Cellar Tours Blog RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Oct. 2015. http://www.cellartours.com/blog/cellar-tours/the-ten-most-expensive-wines-in-california "Central Valley." Wine Enthusiast Web Edition. Wine Enthusiast Magazine, 2013. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.winemag.com/California-2013/Central-Valley/index.php/cparticle/1 "COVER STORY." Wines & Vines. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://www.winesandvines.com/template.cfm?section=features&content=50634>. "Current Features." Appellation America – All the Wines of North America. Appellation America Inc. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. <http://wine.appellationamerica.com "Discover California Wines." California Wines. Wine Institute of California. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. <http://www.discovercaliforniawines.com/ "Discover Madera's Wine Heritage & Charm." Madera Wine Trail. MVA Madera Vintners Association, 2011. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.maderawinetrail.com/ourwinetradition.htm "ECONOMIC IMPACT - Santa Barbara Wine Country." ECONOMIC IMPACT - Santa Barbara Wine Country. Santa Barbara Vintners, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.sbcountywines.com/economic-impact.html "Empire State of Wine: Essential NY Maps & Facts | Grapes and Grains." Grapes and Grains RSS. Web. 6 Oct. 2015

http://www.grapesandgrainsnyc.com/2010/11/13/empire-state-of-wine/ "Fast Facts." Michigan Wines. Michigan Grape & Wine Industry Council, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.michiganwines.com/fast-

facts#sthash.YK9bzBfr.dpbs Franson, Paul. "Exploring the El Dorado County Wine Region." Napa Valley Register. Napa Valley Register, 12 Dec. 2013. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://napavalleyregister.com/lifestyles/food-and-cooking/wine/exploring-the-el-dorado-county-wine-region/article_c26ab562-63a9-11e3-aa1b-001a4bcf887a.html

Gillespie, John. "Wine Market Council Research Presentation." Wine Market Council. Beverage Executive Symposium, 4 Aug. 2014. Web. 29 Sept. 2015. <http://www.beverageexecutivesymposium.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Wine-Market-Council.pdf>.

Gorman-McAdams, Mary. "Old World & New World Wines: What's the Difference?" N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Oct. 2015. http://www.thekitchn.com/old-world-wines-and-new-world-149176

Group, World Wine Trade. 2014 Winegrowing Report (n.d.): n. pag. Web http://ita.doc.gov/td/ocg/2014WWTG.pdf "History of the Malibu Coast American Viticultural Area." Malibu Coast AVA American Viticultural Area. Malibucoastava.com, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<https://malibucoastava.com/malibu-coast-ava/history/ "Home - California Winery Advisor." California Winery Advisor. California Winery Advisor. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. <http://californiawineryadvisor.com/

Work Cited: Huyghe, Cathy. "Happening Now: 2015 Wine Industry Trends." Forbes. Forbes Magazine. Web. 1 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.forbes.com/sites/cathyhuyghe/2015/01/21/happening-now-2015-wine-trends-and-predictions-from-silicon-valley-bank/>. "Indiana Uplands AVA." Indiana Uplands Wine Trail. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.indianauplands.com/indiana-uplands-ava/ Industry, and !  Promotes All Wines On The U.s. Market: Import. Wine Market Council (n.d.): n. pag. Web. http://www.beverageexecutivesymposium.com/wp-

content/uploads/2014/08/Wine-Market-Council.pdf "Lake Chelan." Washington State Wine Commission. Washington Wine, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.washingtonwine.org/wine-101/regions/lake_chelan.php "Lake County Wineries." California Winery Advisor. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. <http://californiawineryadvisor.com/regions/lake-county/ "Leading Countries in Global Wine Production, 2014 | Statistic." Statista. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2015. http://www.statista.com/statistics/240638/wine-

production-in-selected-countries-and-regions/ "Leelanau Peninsula Wine Facts." Leelanau Peninsula Wine Trail. Leelanau Peninsula Wine Trail, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.lpwines.com/leelanau-

peninsula-wine-facts/ "Long Island Wine Region - Statistics." Long Island Wine Country. Long Island Wine Council, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.liwines.com/wp-content/themes/twentyten/statistics.php Lovato, Kimberley. "San Francisco's Urban Wine Renewal." BBC. N.p., 7 June 2013. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20130503-san-

franciscos-urban-wine-renewal Malin, Joshua. "Fascinating Facts About American Viticultural Areas (AVA) | VinePair." VinePair. VinePair Inc., 24 July 2014. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://vinepair.com/wine-blog/fascinating-facts-american-viticultural-areas-ava/ Manick, Steve. "California Wine Regions." Web log post. TheWineTaster.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.manick.com/Wine/Regions.html "Marketing Research." Journal of Marketing 23.4 (1959): 434-55. Web. http://www.depts.ttu.edu/hs/texaswine/docs/wine_history.pdf McCarthy, Ed., and Mary Mulligan. California Wine for Dummies. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2009. Print. McCarthy, Ed, and Mary Ewing- Mulligan. California Wine For Dummies. N.p.: John Wiley & Sons, n.d. - For Dummies. Apr. 2009. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-wines-of-californias-napa-valley.html. "Napa Valley Appellation Fast Facts." Napa Valley Vintners. Napa Valley Vintners, 3 Aug. 2015. Web. 30 Sept. 2015.

<http://www.napavintners.com/press/docs/napa_valley_fast_facts.pdf>. "Napa Valley Grape Varieties." Napa Valley Vintners. Napa Valley Vintners. Web. 30 Sept. 2015.

<http://www.napavintners.com/napa_valley/grape_varieties.asp>. "Napa Valley Vintners - Authority on the Napa Wine Region." Napa Valley Vintners - Authority on the Napa Wine Region. Napa Valley Vintners. Web. 6 Oct.

2015. <http://www.napavintners.com "Nevada County Wineries." Sierra Wines. Sierra Wines.com Inc, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.sierrawines.com/ct_nevada.aspx Newcomb, Jim. "California Central Coast." Web log post. The Sommelier Update. N.p., Sept. 2012. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://arrowheadwine.blogspot.com/2012/09/california-central-coast.html "New Hampshire Wine Shipping Laws." New Hampshire Wine Shipping Laws. Web. 2 Oct. 2015. <http://www.wineintro.com/basics/shipping/nh/>. "New York State's 10 Best Wineries and Vineyards - New York Wine Events." New York Wine Events New York States 10 Best Wineries and Vineyards Comments.

20 Feb. 2015. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. http://www.newyorkwineevents.com/new-yorks-10-best-wineries/ "Number of Wineries in the U.S., 2015 | Statistic." Statista. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.http://www.statista.com/statistics/259353/number-of-wineries-in-the-us/

Work Cited: "Our Region." Our Region. Lake County Winery Association. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. <http://www.lakecountywineries.org/region>. "Passport to Calaveras County." WineCountrycom. N.p., 15 June 2015. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

http://www.winecountry.com/blog/2007/06/15/passport_to_calaveras_county/ "Pennsylvania Wineries." Pennsylvania Wineries. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.http://www.americanwineryguide.com/regions/pennsylvania-wineries/ "Placer County Wine Trail." Placer County Wine Trail. Placer County Vintners Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.placerwine.com/region.htm Polland, Jennifer. "California's Other Wine Country: Calaveras County, California." FrommerMedia LLC, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.frommers.com/trip-

ideas/cultural-immersion/californias-other-wine-country-calaveras-county-california "Press Facts." Mendocino County Wine & Winegrapes. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. <http://www.mendowine.com/media/media-kit.php>. "Press Facts." Mendocino County Wine & Winegrapes -. Mendocino County Wine & Winegrapes, 2015. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.mendowine.com/media/media-kit.php Puckette, Madeline. "What's The Three Tier System and Why Is It Corroding?" Wine Folly. Wine Folly, Llc. Creative Commons BY-NC-SA, 29 Aug. 2014. Web. 6

Oct. 2015. <http://winefolly.com/update/three-tier-system/>. "San Diego Wine Country – The SDCVA." San Diego Wine Country The SDCVA Comments. San Diego County Vintners Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://sandiegowineries.org/contact "Shipping Wine in the U.S. - Wine Shipping Laws State by State." Shipping Wine in the U.S. - Wine Shipping Laws State by State. Web. 1 Oct. 2015.

<http://buyingguide.winemag.com/wine-shipping-laws/>. Southern Oregon University Source Research Center: 2014 Oregon Vineyard and Winery Census Report

http://industry.oregonwine.org/wp-content/uploads/Final-2014-Oregon-Vineyard-and-Winery-Report.pdf "State of New Jersey." State of New Jersey. Web. 2 Oct. 2015. <http://www.state.nj.us/lps/abc/faqs.html#8>. "State of The Wine Industry 2014." Demetergroup.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://demetergroup.net/sites/default/files/news/attachment/State-of-the-Wine-

Industry-2013.pdf>. Sumner, D.A., J.T. Lapsley and J.T. RosenMolina. 2012. "Economics of Wine Import Duty and Excise Tax Drawbacks.” ARE Update 15(4):1- 4. University of

California Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics. http://giannini.ucop.edu/media/are-pdate/files/articles/V15N4_1_1.pdf "Ten Facts Virginians May Not Know About Virginia Wine." Drink What YOU Like. DrinkWhatULike, 6 Oct. 2013. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. "TEXAS WINE INDUSTRY FACTS." Texas Wine and Grape Growers Association. Texas Wine and Grape Growers Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.txwines.org/texas-wine-industry-facts/ "The Alcohol Industry Has A Conflict Of Interest In Alcohol Research And Policy." Addiction 100.1 (2005): 128-29. Web.

http://demetergroup.net/sites/default/files/news/attachment/State-of-the-Wine-Industry-2013.pdf The Economic Impact of the Wine and Wine Grape Industries on the Oregon Economy http://oregon-wine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/full-glass-wine-economic-impact-oregon-1-2015.pdf "THE NATIONAL WINE POLICY BULLETIN." Wine America. Web. 1 Oct. 2015.

<http://wineamerica.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/NationalWinePolicyBulletinJune2014.pdf>. "The Wine Institute." The Appellations Of California Wine. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. https://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/consumerfeaturedstories/article338 "The Wine Institute." 2014 California Wine Sales Grow 4.4% by Volume and 6.7% by Value in the U.S. -. Web. 1 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/pressroom/05192015>.

Work Cited: "The Wine Institute." Lifestyle Release: Fascinating Facts About California Wine -. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2015.

https://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/lifestyleandtravel/article501 "The Wine Institute." Statistics -. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2015. http://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/statistics "The Wine Institute." - The Advocacy Group for the California Wine Industry. Wine Institute. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. <http://www.wineinstitute.org "The Wine Regions of Washington State." - For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-wine-

regions-of-washington-state.html "Trends in the US Wine Industry for 2015 – Surging Forward with Renewed Optimism ($37.6 Billion in 2014 Revenues)." Dr Liz Thach MW. 8 Feb. 2015. Web. 1

Oct. 2015. https://lizthach.wordpress.com/2015/02/08/trends-in-the-us-wine-industry-for-2015-surging-forward-with-renewed-optimism/>. "U.S. Wine Market Update & Insights." Wine Market Council, 23 July 2015. Web. 29 Sept. 2015. <http://209.210.50.195/docuserfiles/files/Gillespie CAWG 2015

Presentation.pdf>. "U.S. Wine Sales Share by Bottle Price Range, 2013 | Statistic." Statista. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. <http://www.statista.com/statistics/274355/us-wine-sales-share-by-

bottle-price-range/>. "Varieties." SLO Wine Country -. SAN LUIS OBISPO WINE COUNTRY ASSOCIATION, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.slowine.com/about/varietals.php "Vermont - US Wine Shipping Laws." Vermont - US Wine Shipping Laws. Web. 2 Oct. 2015. <http://www.wineintro.com/basics/shipping/vt.html>. "Vermont Wine Distributors." Vermont Wine Guide Vermont Wine Distributors Category. Web. 1 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.vtwinemedia.com/vermont_wine_guide/category/vt-wine-distributors/>. Vintage America: A Brief History of Wine in America http://www.eater.com/2011/1/3/6703783/vintage-america-a-brief-history-of-wine-in-america#4302686 Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services http://www.vdacs.virginia.gov/agfacts/ "Virginia Wine Industry Doubles in Five Years." Wines & Vines. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2015. http://www.winesandvines.com/template.cfm?

section=news&content=97253 "Washington State Wine Commission | Washington State-The Perfect Climate for Wine." Washington State Wine Commission | Washington State-The Perfect

Climate for Wine. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. http://www.washingtonwine.org/wine-101/state-facts/ "WASHINGTON STATE WINE FACTS." Washington State Wine. Washington Wine, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.washingtonwine.org/wine-101/state-facts Washington Wine Report: Cooper Wine Company http://www.wawinereport.com/2010/02/cooper-wine-company.html "Welcome and Calendar | Maragas Winery." Welcome and Calendar | Maragas Winery. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. http://www.maragaswinery.com/ "Welcome to Lodi Wine Country." About Lodi. Lodi Winegrape Commission, 2015. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.lodiwine.com/About-Lodi "Welcome to Lodi Wine Country." LoCa The Wines of Lodi, CA. Lodi Winegrape Commission. Web. 30 Sept. 2015. <http://www.lodiwine.com/About-Lodi>. "Welcome to the Southern Oregon AVA." Southern Oregon Wineries Applegate Valley. Southern Oregon Winery Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.southernoregonwines.org/southern-oregon-ava

Work Cited: "What’s in a bottle of Wine?" (n.d.): n. pag. Http://www.newyorkwines.org/ New York Wine & Grape Foundation, 2015. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.newyorkwines.org/PDFs/WhatsInBottle052015.pdf. "Which U.S. State Drinks the Most Wine? | Wine News & Features." Wine Searcher. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://www.wine-searcher.com/m/2014/03/which-u-s-

state-drinks-the-most-wine->. "Who Buys Wine Over $20? | Wine News & Features | Wine-searcher." Wine Searcher. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2015.

http://www.wine-searcher.com/m/2014/02/who-drinks-wine-over-20-dollars Willamette Valley: Willamette Valley Facts and Figures http://willamettewines.com/facts-figures/ "Willamette Valley Facts & Figures - Willamette Valley Wineries." Willamette Valley Wineries. Willamette Valley Wineries Association, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.

<http://willamettewines.com/facts-figures/ "Wine America." WineAmerica. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://wineamerica.org/policy/by-the-numbers>. “WineAmerica. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2015. http://wineamerica.org/policy/by-the-numbers "Wine Distribution In America: A Discussion on the Challenges of Distributing Wine - IntoWineTV Episode 149." Wine Distribution In America. Web. 1 Oct. 2015.

<http://www.intowine.com/intowine-tv/wine-distribution-america-discussion-challenges-distributing-wine-intowinetv-episode-149>. "Wine Distributors." Beveragetradenetwork. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://beveragetradenetwork.com/en/maryland-wine-distributors-392.htm>.

http://beveragetradenetwork.com/en/massachusetts-wine-distributors-389.htm "Wine Industry Facts." VisitNC. Economic Development Partnership of North Carolina. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. <http://media.visitnc.com/news/wine-industry-facts "Wine Industry in the U.S. - Sales Growth 2014 | Statistic." Statista. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://www.statista.com/statistics/209166/us-wine-industrys-sales-

growth/>. "Wine." Jersey Fresh. State of New Jersey Department of Agriculture, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://jerseyfresh.nj.gov/wine/ "Wine Market." Oiv.int. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://www.oiv.int/oiv/files/4 - Statistiques/.../Wine_market_EN.pdf>. "Wine Report 2015." SVB. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://www.svb.com/uploadedFiles/Content/Blogs/Wine_Report/2015_Wine_Report/wine-report-2015-pdf.pdf>. "Wineries of Santa Clara Valley." Santa Clara Valley Wines. Wineries of Santa Clara Valley, n.d. Web. 06 Oct. 2015. <http://www.santaclarawines.com/santa-

clara-valley/?WSDSESSID=0201088ec5201730555839d0c2bcef25&%2F1%2F "Wine-Searcher. Find and Price Wines, Beers & Spirits." Wine Searcher. Wine-Searcher. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. <http://www.wine-searcher.com/ "Wine Sales Statistics." Statistic Brain. Statistic Brain Research Institute, 20 Sept. 2013. Web. 29 Sept. 2015. <http://www.statisticbrain.com/wine-sales-

statistics/>. "Wine Sales Statistics." Statistic Brain. Statistic Brain Research Institute, 20 Sept. 2013. Web. 29 Sept. 2015. <http://www.statisticbrain.com/wine-sales-

statistics/ "Wine's Big Threat (hint: It Could Be You)." CNBC. 16 Jan. 2014. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://www.cnbc.com/2014/01/15/wine-sales-growth-to-accelerate-in-fine-

wine-report.html>. "Wine Tax Heaven & Hell: U.S. State Report | Wine News & Features."Wine Searcher. Web. 1 Oct. 2015. <http://www.wine-searcher.com/m/2014/02/wine-tax-

heaven-and-hell--u-s--state-report>. Wine Yakima Valley: A Brief History of Wine in Yakima Valley https://wineyakimavalley.org/history/