Visual Dictionary

Reinforcement

Air Barrier Paper Impermeable to airflow Protects building from the effects of air leakage.

Attic Ventilation Needed to allow airflow to the attic space

Soffit Vent

Attic Ventilation

Is needed to allow air to circulate in and out of a gable roof at the ridge

Ridge Vent

Attic Ventilation Is needed to exhaust excess heat and humidity from an attic

Gable Vent

Attic Ventilation Is needed to replace hot air from the attic using outside wind

Roof Turbine

Backhoe A piece of excavating equipment or digger Used for digging into the ground and removing large

amounts of dirt.

22.1inches

Batter Boards Boards erected at corners of a building Assist in the accurate layout of foundation and

excavation lines

Batter boards

Brick Arches

Centering- Temporarily used to support an arch until the

arch becomes self-supporting

Keystone Arch

Gothic Arch

Parabolic Arch

Brick Bonds

English Garden Wall- every 6th row is a stretcher /header Running Bond-every row is a stretcher.

English Garden Wall

Running

Header

Rowlock

Stretcher

Soldier

Sailor

Shiners

Brick Sizes

Modular Brick- 3 5/8 x 2 1/4 x 7 5/8

Utility Brick-3 5/8 x 11 ½ x 3 5/8

Bulldozer Large, powerful piece of earth moving equipment

equipped with tracks and a large blade used to push soil, rock, or any other kind of debris.

Cladding

EIFS

Brick

Wood Shakes

Wood Board

Stone-Random Rubble

Wood shingle – sawn in squares. Wood Shakes – Split, with a rough corrugated surface

Photo illustrates

wood shakes

Code RequirmentsCode Requirements A minimum clear opening of 5.7 square feet. If it’s on the ground floor, a minimum of 5.0 square feet. Minimum clear opening height of 24” Minimum clear opening width of 20” Bottom of clear opening not more than 44” AFF If bedroom is in the basement: Window well of 9 sq. ft. (36” min. dimension)

My bedroom window passes the IBC requirements. It has 17.5 sq. ft. of

window and 8.75 sq. ft. of clear opening which is more than required. The

opening height is 30” which is more than required. A clear opening width of 36”

which is more than required. The bottom of the clear opening is 24” AFF, which is

also acceptable. IBC Requirements:

Code Requirements

Code Requirements Treads- 12” Risers- 6” 2’ 7 ½” wide. 2’ 3” height. Area= 5’ 9”. 12” sill AFF. Code: Max sill height of 44” above the floor and a min net opening of 5.7 sq ft. It meets the egress requirement because the opening is larger than 5.7 sq ft. Code: Min 10” Treads and max 7 ¾” risers The stairs meet the IBC because the treads and risers are within the safety range put forth by the code.

Concrete JointsControl Joint- An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces sp as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.

Isolation Joint- A joint, such as an expansion joint, between two adjacent structures which are not in physical contact. A column is being isolated from a slab.

Concrete Masonry UnitA block of hardened

concrete, with or without hollow cores, designed to

be laid in the same manner as a brick or

stone; a concrete block. Nominal (Typical) CMU

Dimensions- 8” X 8” X 16”

They come in a variety of different sizes 24x4x8

Concrete Masonry Unit

1 CMU = 3 Bricks

Decorative Concrete Masonry

Split Block CMU

Doors1. Panel

2. Stile

3. Top Rail

4. Lock Rail

5. Bottom Rail

Flush Door

Transom- A horizontal bar or crosspiece that

separates a door from a

window over it.

Sidelight- A window or opening in or at the side

of a wall, door, etc.

Electrical Componets

Power pole with transformer- An electrical device that changes

the voltage of alternating current.

Service Head- A fitting that is placed on the service drop end of service entrance cable and is designed to minimize the amount of moisture that can enter the cable.

Meter- A device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a residence, business or machine.

Service Panel- Distributes electrical current to the various circuits within a home.

Duplex Receptacle- Duplex receptacles usually have break-away tabs to separate the top and bottom halves so that the two outlets can be placed on separate circuits.

Framing Elements

1. Anchor Bolt

2. Sill Plate

3. Floor Joist

4. Subfloor

5. Sole Plate

6. Stud

7. Top Plate

8. Ceiling Joist

9. Rafter

10. Roof Decking

11. Sheathing

12. Stringer

Front End Loader Primarily used to load material (asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, feed, gravel,

logs, raw minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, wood chips, etc.) into or onto another type of machinery.

Differs from a backhoe and bulldozer by only being able to “scoop” material into its bucket and dump it in another location, not dig holes or scrape off land.

Gypsum Board

An interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces.

Heat Pump A heat pump extracts cold or hot air from outside and moves it inside. Advantages: one of the most efficient ways to heat and cool a home quickly. Disadvantages: They are noisy and requires bulky ducting.

Compressor/evaporator

Air Handling Unit A usually internal unit that helps move and further heats or cools air once it is pumped through the external unit

InsulationBatt Insulation Batt insulation is used to easily insulate walls and ceilings in a waterproof environment

Loose Fill Insulation Loose fill insulation is a type insulation that is blown into large areas that are normally to remain unfinished

Rigid Insulation Rigid insulation is used to insulate placed mostly on exteriors beneath the cladding.

Lintel

Lintel A lintel is a piece of steel used to span an opening and support the weight of the wall above it

Lintel

Mortar

Concave Mortar Joint. Tooled. Used on a house Type S mortar Joint is 3/8 in thick

Flush Mortar Joint. Tooled. Used on a apartment ½ in joint Type S mortar

Oriented Strand Board (OSB) OSB is a non-veneered sheet of wood strands oriented for

strength and then bound together under pressure

Plumbing

Water Closet 3 inch pipe is used to

drain a water closet

Drop-In Sink

Plumbing vent The plumbing vent maintains a system of plumbing drains and waste lines at atmospheric pressure by connecting them to the outside air

Plumbing: Lavatory3-inch drainage pipe

Plywood

Plywood A number of layers of wood veneer bounded together under pressure Veneer- a thin layer, sheet, or facing

Radiant Barrier

Rebar Rebar ¾ in; #6 rebar The purpose of the deformations in the

rebar is to hold the rebar in place once the concrete has been poured and set up around it

Steep Roof DrainageGutterLocated on the edge of a roof. This collects runoff rainwater and show melt and directs to the downspout.

DownspoutVertical pipe usually located on corners to transfer water from the roof to ground level.

Splash BlockLocated under a downspout. It is used to block erosion from the water coming out of the downspout and to help direct the water away from the building.

Steep Roof MaterialsUnderlayment Layer of waterproof material between the roofing material and the roof sheathing.

Clay Tile

Water resistant material laid in an overlapping pattern to keep water from going underneath and into the sheathing.

Wood shingles

Metal Panel: Roof Metal roofs are commonly made of galvanized steel or aluminum

Steep Roof Shapes

Gable

Gambrel

Hip

Steep Roof TermsRidge- horizontal line at which the rafters of a roof meet

Valley- the depression or angle formed by two inclined sides of a roof meeting

Eave- the overhanging lower edge of a roof

Rake- the downward sloping side of a roof

Fascia- flat horizontal surface at the edge of a roofs eave

Soffit VentSoffit- the underside of an eave

Stone

Random Ashlar

Coursed Ashlar

Random Rubble

Vapor retarder

Vapor Retarder Vapor Retarder is a treated paper that is used to prevent water vapor from moving inside the home outside and to stop the condensation of water inside of walls or ceilings It is located on the interior side of the insulation panels

Waterproofing Waterproofing is protecting the interior of the house also used for

underground leakage and it is loosly laid.

Weep Hole

A small hole at the base of a wall used to allow condensated water to run down the wall and out of the wall

Welded Wire Fabric

Windows

Sliding Windows This is a sliding window because its hung so that when opened one sash stays closed and the other slides horizontally in

a track.

Double Hung Window This is a double hung window because when it is unlocked both the top and bottom sashes slide vertically in tracks to open the window.