Visual Dictionary - Scab

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Air Barrier PaperMechanically-attached membranes, also known as

housewraps, usually a polyethylene-fiber or spun-bonded polyolefin product that allows vapor transmission, such as Tyvek.

Air barriers control air leakage into and out of the building envelope.

Pictures on Next Slide

Air Barrier Paper

Attic Ventilation Materials

Soffit VentIdeal for drawing cool

fresh air into the attic as the hot, stale air is exhausted through ridge, gable or turbine vents.

Attic Ventilation: Cont’dRidge Vent

A ridge vent is a type of vent installed at the peak of a sloped roof which allows warm, humid air to escape a building's attic. Ridge vents are most common on shingled residential buildings.

Attic Ventilation: Cont’dGable Vent

work to provide ventilation, releasing stagnant air, preventing damage from humidity, and optimizing temperature control

Attic Ventilation: Cont’d

Roof TurbineTurbine vents can replace

the hot air in your attic in minutes. Mother Nature blows across the fins in the roof turbine vents as they exhaust the heat build up.

Back HoeA backhoe is a tractor-like vehicle with an arm and bucket

mounted on the back and a front loader bucket mounted on the front

The front loader is used to move or carry a load from one place to the other.

The back loader is used for excavation.Width of Our Rear Bucket: 23 inches

Pictures on next slide

Back Hoe Cont’d

Batter BoardsA temporary frame built

just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation.

Used to show the building layout.

Brick ArchesElliptical Jack

Brick Arches

Arch with Keystone

Brick Arches: Cont’d

Centering- a type of formwork used to hold the weight of the masonry units until keystone is in place

Brick Bonds

Common BondContains a row of

headers, 5 rows of stretchers following, and another row of headers to complete the course.

Brick Bonds: Cont’d

Running BondA running bond consists

of nothing but stretchers the whole course of the wall, or veneer.

Brick Bonds: Cont’dRowlock Header

Brick Bonds: Cont’dSoldier Sailor

Stretcher Rowlocks

Brick Size #1

This is a Modular Brick and its dimensions are:3-5/8’’ x 2-1/4’’x 7 5/8’’

Brick Size #2

This is a Norman Brick and its dimensions are:3-1/2’’x 2-2/3’’x 12’’

Bulldozer

This is a crawler equipped with a substantial metal blade used to push large amounts of soil, rubble, etc. during construction work.

It is mostly used for grading purposes.


Bulldozer: Cont’d

Brick Clad Structure

EFIS Clad Structure

Stone Clad Structure

This Stone Clad structure has a Flemish Bond.

Wood Board Clad Structure

Wood Shingle or Shake Clad Structure

Wood Clad

Code RequirementsOur Window:

Height: 26’’

Width: 30’’

From Floor: 20’’

Code:

Height: Minimum 24’’

Width: Minimum 20’’

From Floor: No More than 44’’

Our window is on the 1st floor and passes all code measurements.

Code Requirements: Cont’d Our Stairs:

Tread: 10-3/8’’

Riser: 7’’ Nosing: 7/8’’

Code: Tread: Minimum 10’’ Riser: Maximum 7-3/4’’ Nosing: ¾’’ to 1-1/4’’

Our stairs meet code requirements because they are within the limits

that the code demands.

Concrete Joints: Control Joints

A control joint is basically a groove cut into the surface of the concrete that allows some cracking to occur in the joint and not be readily visible Crack Control

Joint

Concrete Joints: Isolation Joint

Isolation joints are used to isolate the slab from another object such as a column, wall, or drain pipe.

This particular isolation joint is isolating a column from the finished slab.

Concrete Masonry Units

3 brick = 1 CMU as indicated in picture.

Concrete Masonry Units: Cont’d

A block of hardened concrete, with or without hollow cores, designed to be lain in the same manner as a brick or stone; a concrete block.

Important aspects of CMU are that they can create solid back up walls for veneers. They also can be used for sturdy foundations and even retaining walls. They are always used in many commercial buildings for their resistance to fire.

Concrete Masonry Units: Cont’d

6’’ CMU 12’’ CMU

Decorative Concrete Masonry Units

Split Block Ribbed Block

Exterior Flush Door

Exterior DoorPanel Stile

Exterior Door: Cont’dTop Rail Lock Rail

Exterior Door: Cont’d

Bottom Rail

DoorsTransom- a small window

directly above the day.Side Lights- a tall, narrow window alongside a door.

Electrical ComponentsA transformer is a device

that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils.

Transformer

Electrical Components: Cont’d

Service HeadSends electricity to a

given electrical meter.


Service Meter Records how much

electricity is being used and sends electricity to the main panel box.


Service PanelDistributes electricity to

electrical components throughout the house.


Duplex Receptacle


The Duplex Receptacle provides two grounded outlets that can power appliances and electronic devices such as home office equipment, home theater components and more, eliminating the cluttered look of power strips and the necessity of multiple-outlet adapters.

Electrical Components: Cont’dDuplex Receptacle: Cont’d

Framing ElementsAnchor Bolts

Framing ElementsSill Plate

Framing Elements: Cont’dFloor Joist Subflooring

Framing Elements: Cont’dSole Plate Stud

Framing Elements: Cont’dTop Plate Ceiling Joists

Framing Elements: Cont’dRafter Roof Decking

Framing Elements: Cont’dSheathing Stringer

Front End Loader

Used to move large quantities of soil, or other loads, and to load trucks.

It differs from a bulldozer because a bulldozer can not load trucks and scoop up loads of materials.

It differs from a backhoe because a it does not have an excavating arm and bucket.


Front End Loader: Cont’d

Gypsum Board

An interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces; also called drywall, plasterboard

Heat Pump

An advantage of the heat pump is that it reduces the purchased energy required for building heating.

A disadvantage is that the cost of installation is high.

Continued on Next 3 slides

Heat Pump: Cont’dThe condenser coils are tubes to carry the refrigerant through so it can be

cooled.

The compressor compresses cool Freon gas molecules into hotter, high pressure molecules that are then transported to your air conditi.oner's condenser


Heat Pump: Cont’d

Compressor

Condenser Coils

Heat Pump: Cont’d

A device used to condition and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system

Air Handling

Unit

InsulationBatt Insulation

Insulation reduces unwanted heat loss or gain and can decrease the energy demands of heating and cooling systems.

Insulation: Cont’d

Loose Fill InsulationInsulation reduces

unwanted heat loss or gain and can decrease the energy demands of heating and cooling systems.

Insulation: Cont’d

Foam InsulationInsulation reduces

unwanted heat loss or gain and can decrease the energy demands of heating and cooling systems.

Insulation: Cont’dRigid Board Insulation- Insulation reduces unwanted heat loss or gain and can

decrease the energy demands of heating and cooling systems.

“Steel” Lintel

A beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or door opening.

Mortar Joint #1Concave Joint which is tooled and is 3/8’’. This is the Student Union

which is small commercial. Mortar type is probably Type N.

Mortar Type # 2Raked Joint which is tooled and is 3/8’’. This is on a residential

house. Mortar type is probably Type N.

Oriented Strand Board

(OSB) A non-veneered building panel composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure.


Oriented Strand Board: Cont’d

Plumbing

Lavatory with 1-1/2’’ Drain Pipe

Plumbing: Cont’dWater Closet with 3’’ Drain Piping

Plumbing: Cont’dBath Tub prior to Gypsum Board

Plumbing: Cont’d

Plumbing Roof VentUsed to vent the sewer

gas out of the dwelling and to the outdoors.

Plumbing: Cont’dBathroom Sink: Drop In Sink

Plywood

A wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure.

Veneer- to face or cover a building with any material that is more desirable as a surface material than the basic material of the building


Plywood: Cont’d

Radiant Barrier

A reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy.


Radiant Barrier: Cont’d

RebarA short expression for

steel reinforcing bars in concrete or masonry.

Size: #6 Rebar, ¾’’ in diameter

Deformation is used to make sure the concrete and rebar lock together to form one component.

Steep Roof Drainage

GutterA channel, or trough, on

the edge of a roofTransfers water from roof

to down spout

Steep Roof Drainage: Cont’d

DownspoutA pipe for conveying rain

water from a roof or gutter to the ground.

Steep Roof Drainage: Cont’dSplash block

a small block usually manufactured using concrete which is shaped in such a way to catch water from a drain spout and let it flow away from the building.

Steep Roof Materials

UnderlaymentTo protect the roof sheathing temporarily, or until the final

roofing material is applied.It is used as a back up water proofing material.


Steep Roof Materials: Cont’dUnderlayment

Steep Roof Materials: Cont’d

Clay Tile Roof


Shinglea thin piece of wood, slate, metal, asbestos, or the like,

usually oblong, laid in overlapping rows to cover the roofs and walls of buildings.

Steep Roof MaterialsSlate Shingles


Aluminized Metal Roofing

Steep Roof ShapesGable Roof

Steep Roof Shapes: Cont’dGambrel Roof

Steep Roof Shapes: Cont’d

Hip Roof

Steep Roof Shapes: Cont’dMansard Roof

Steep Roof TermsRidge-the level intersection of 2 roof planes

in a gable roof.Valley- a trough formed by the intersection

of 2 roof slopes

Steep Roof Terms: Cont’dEave-the horizontal edge at the low side of a

sloping roof. Rake-the sloping edge of a steep roof.

Steep Roof Terms: Cont’dSoffit- the under surface of a horizontal element of a

building especially the underside of a stair or roof overhang. Fascia- the exposed vertical face of an eave.

Steep Roof Terms: Cont’dRoof Without Fascia- a roof with no overhang therefore there is no where to place a

fascial board.

No Overhang = No fascia

Gutter

StoneRandom Rubble Pattern

Stone: Cont’dCoursed Rubble Pattern

Stone: Cont’dRandom Ashlar Pattern

Stone: Cont’d

Coursed Ashlar Pattern

Vapor Retarder

A layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly ; also called ,less accurately, vapor barrier.

It is commonly placed on the interior side of the building.


Vapor Retarder: Cont’dVapor Barrier

WaterproofingAn impervious

membrane applied to the outside of a foundation to protect from infiltration of water.

LIQUID APPLIED

Weep HoleA small mortar joint

opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly.

Welded Wire Fabric

A grid of steel rods that are welded together, used to reinforce a concrete slab.

The grid measurements were 6’’ x 6’’

Windows #1

Single Hung Window- has one sash that slides up or down in tracks.

Windows #2Double Hung Window- has 2 sashes that slide up or down in

tracks

Windows #3Casement- sash tilts outward which is controlled by a crank and is

hinged on a vertical jamb.

Business

Visual Dictionary - Scab