Visual Dictionary

Plywood-Windows

PlywoodPlywood is board formed through gluing together thin layers of wood, with the grains at right angles to each other. Veneer is a material formed from the gluing of a layer of finely grained wood on top of layers of inferior wood.

Radiant BarrierRadiant barrier is a reflective material that inhibits the transfer of heat by radiation, installed at the roof line/ceiling.

RebarThis is ½” rebar, thus called #4 rebar. The deformation pattern is rolled onto the rebar so that the concrete can grip the rebar.

Steep Roof DrainageGutters catch rain water and lead it to a down spout which leads the water away from the building, preventing soil erosion and foundation damage. Both are usually made from vinyl or aluminum. The gutter is U-shaped while the downspout is tube-shaped.

The splashblock is a concrete block that catches the water from the downspout to prevent erosion.

GutterDownspout Splashblock

Steep Roof MaterialsUnderlayment is tar/asphalt-impregnated paper used as temporary weatherproofing and to block the infiltration of moisture through the roof.

Clay Tile

Steep Roof Materials Cont.

Stamped-Metal Shingles

Shingles are small, light-weight units applied in overlapping layers; metal, wood, or asphalt.

Steep Roof Materials Cont.Metal Roofing

Can be made of tin, aluminum, steel, copper, and alloys.

Steep Roof Shapes

Hip

Gable

Gambrel

Mansard

Steep Roof TermsEave: The edge of the roof that runs horizontally across the façade, comprised of the rafter ends used to construct the roof.

Fascia: Flat, horizontal band that runs the roof’s perimeter

Soffit: The horizontal underside of a roof overhang.

Rake: The pitched edge of a gable roof. Rakes may be close, or extend from the building to allow for an overhang.

Steep Roof Terms Cont.Ridge: The apex of a pitched roof

Valley: A change in roof direction, where two planes meet at the bottom of their pitch to

make a valley with two steep slopes running up and away from it

No fascia

StoneRandom Ashlar

Random Rubble

Stone Cont.

Coursed Ashlar

Coursed Rubble

Vapor Retarder

Vapor retarder is placed on the interior side of insulation in order to control the passage of moisture through the walls of a structure.

WaterproofingWaterproofing is a membrane that resists

standing water under pressure.

Liquid-Applied Membrane

Weep Hole

Weep holes are cavities in brick walls, created by rope laid in a joint during construction and later removed, or by leaving the mortar out of a head joint. They allow moisture that accumulates through the brick and mortar to flow out from behind the wall.

WindowsCasement: This is a casement window as it is hinged on a vertical jamb. It is opened by a crank system

This is a Double-Hung Window because both sashes are movable.

Windows Cont.

This is an Awning Window as the sashes swing outward, hinged on the head jamb.