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Optimization – mesh relaxation Two columns
Optimization – mesh relaxation Roof
Structure strategy- Subdivision
Structure concept- mushroom columns
Type A: Self surpport mushroom columns
Previous solution: More materials cost
65m
Choosen solution: flatten trusses.
Moment distribution: grows from bottom to top.
Compares to the former solution, saves materials, has familiar deformation.
Type B: Mushroom support trusses + Double curved roof
Guides rain water & fits the architectureconcept
Previous solution A: non-symmetrical, more materials cost, huge structure height
Expo 1970
118m
30m
Type C: Walking path, same shape logic.
Structure design
+
+
3Ps
10.000.000 kW/y from the “iceberg” and the parking
spaces
5.000.000
training& hockey
Ice skating
Energy generation from solar panels
Other uses: library, restaurant, café, bar
Energy distribution
Ventilation requirements 1st calculation final calculation
Static pressure across surface
Air velocity across surface
• Lowering the height
• Lighter construction above the rinks
34m
Stack effect
Materials
Good performance of steel
Air circulation in the ice rink
Airflow distribution in the stadium
Ice surface 4 C
Air extraction pipe Air extraction pipe
Ventilation air 15-16 C
insulation Heating under the seats
The basic technical elements of a well-working facility are: • Insulated walls and ceiling • Efficient refrigeration plant • Mechanical ventilation • Efficient heating system • Air dehumidification
Fiberglass
Heat recovery from the chiller
Cooling pipe system with heat recovery
Constant temperature on the ice surface
Acoustics
Materials 125 250 500 1000 2000
Concrete
for seats 0.36 0.44 0.31 0.29 0.39
Theater
seats
(wood,
fully
occupied)
for seats
0.5 0.3 0.4 0.76 0.8
Concrete
panel(pain
ted) walls
0.1 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.09
Ice floor 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
Metal deck
(perforate
d channels,
75mm(3")
batts) roof
0.73 0.99 0.99 0.89 0.52
air 0 0 0 0.002 0.004
For 125 Hz the T = 2, 28 < 3
For 250 Hz the T = 2, 01 < 3
For 500 Hz the T = 2, 03 < 3
For 1000 Hz the T = 1, 74 < 3
For 2000 Hz the T = 1, 89 < 3
Reverberation time
3s
f
30m
Type C: Walking path, same shape logic.