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Report time: August 2013
Creator: Nusaresearch team
JOB SATISFACTION OF
EMPLOYEES Research time: 10.07.2013 – 20.07.2013
Based on Nusaresearch‟s panelist
A. Executive summary
[1] Nearly 40% of surveyed employees are not satisfied with current compensation
Within 371 employees who were asked, there are 99 people agree that they satisfied with their current salary / bonus,
which leads to low satisfaction mean score with 2.87. This score is not much different among groups when being
categorized by demographic factors.
For welfare, mean satisfaction is 3.07, slightly higher than salary and bonus. Good allowance, annual healthcare check
and vacation / sick leave upon request are voted as best three welfare items for employees in their current company,
with mean satisfaction score of 4.13, 3.88 and 3.87 respectively.
[2] Rating for various elements of working condition is generally positive
3.16 is mean satisfaction score for work conditions. More than 60% employees agree that their employers has pay
good attention to their working conditions by ensuring the safety, providing working equipment as well as full-instruction
for operation.
[4] Rating for training & promotion is generally positive with 3.25 point on 5-scale
For training, 63.3% mentioned that current training courses of company are good as well as they receive good
facilitation for training. More than half also said that they have chances to participated in those training courses (57.1%).
For promotion opportunities, there are different ideas. Although 59.3% surveyed employees agree that they company
has good advancement opportunity, only 38% admitted that there are many in their current job, which leads to lower
mean score (3.16 compared to 3.57).
A. Executive summary
[5] Mean satisfaction score for manager is 3.23 compared to 3.67 for colleagues
Obviously, less than 40% surveyed employees feel satisfied with their manager while more than 60% feel satisfied with
their colleagues at workplace.
Most employees highly appreciated that their manager always supports and encourages them (76.6). However, they
have high suspicion when mention the fair treatment between subordinate staff, as well as leadership skills of their
manager and scores highest among issues they disagree (16.2% each).
[6] In general, surveyed employees do not feel pressure with their current workload
As the satisfied percentage is 51.8 compared to 14.8 of dissatisfied percentage.
While the employees above 30 years old has highest mean score of satisfaction (3.67), those working less than 3 years
in current company seem to have a high volume workload and have lower gratification level of 3.30.
[7] Mean score for the evaluation system among groups is from 3.25 to 3.41
People acknowledge self-improvement demand for better work performance (74.4%). However, part of employees are
not optimistic about the adequacy between payment and performance. In particular, 22.6% not sure if they can get a
raise / bonus with good performance and 21.6% also disagree that their salary / Bonus reflect their contribution.
[8] The satisfaction level of employees regression equation:
Overall Satisfaction (Y) = 0.18*Training & Promotion (X1) + 0.264*Relationship with seniors (X2) +
0.117*Relationship with colleague (X3) + 0.330*Performance evaluation (X4)
B. Research information
Research method : Quantitative research (Online survey)
Timing : 10.07.2013 – 20.07.2013
Sample size : 371s
Research area : Nationwide (Indonesia)
Target : Male, female over 18 years old and working currently
Research objectives : Find out how factors affect the job satisfaction in the work place and
construct regression model of satisfaction
Sampling method : Internet sampling (Nusaresearch Panel)
Part 1. Overall job satisfaction of employees
C. Research findings
Part 2. Regression model on job satisfaction of employees
Part 1. Overall job satisfaction of employees
1. Salary / bonus
2. Welfare
3. Working conditions
4. Training & Promotion
5. Relationship with seniors
6. Relationship with colleague
7. Workload
8. Performance evaluation
3.8
22.9
35.6
31.5
6.2
I am satisfied with the salary /bonus in current company
Figure 1. Satisfaction level of salary and bonus
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
1. Salary / Bonus
Percentage of respondents who feel satisfied with their current salary / bonus is not really high which leads to low satisfaction
mean of 2.87.
Nearly 40% of surveyed employees are not satisfied with current compensation
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the salary & bonus system received at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
Satisfaction Mean
2.87
2.82
2.85
2.77
2.93
2.92
2.90
2.88
2.90
2.80
2.76
Figure 2. Satisfaction mean for salary and bonus by groups
1. Salary / Bonus
As can be seen from the result, there is no significant difference on satisfaction mean among groups when being categorized by
demographic factors.
Satisfaction level of salary & bonus does not vary much among groups
Male (n=244)
18 - 30 years old (n=180)
Jakarta (n=104)
Bachelor Degree or higher (n=211)
3 years working or less (n=162)
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the salary & bonus system received at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
Female (n=127)
Above 30 years old (n=191)
Others (n=267)
Diploma Degree or lower (n=160)
More than 3 years working (n=209)
(Unit: %)
1. Salary / Bonus
Although overall satisfaction toward compensation system is low, more than 2/3 surveyed employees agree that there is
adequacy among their work‟s effectiveness, responsibility and compensation system. In fact, the majority (61.7%) also indicated
that their company has good benefits.
Satisfaction level of employees differs from item to item of salary & bonus
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the salary & bonus system received at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
39.4 27.8 25.9 22.9 16.7 13.7 13.5
38.3
39.1 34.5 35.0
27.8 48.0
38.3
11.6 17.3
20.8 21.6
29.9
32.1 32.1
7.8 14.3 15.9 18.3 22.9
4.0 14.3
3.0 1.6 3.0 2.2 2.7 2.2 1.9
Bonus (monthly /quarterly / yearly)is adequate with
work effectiveness
Salary is adequatewith my job
responsibility
Annual salaryincrease is
suitable with mycontribution to
company
Salary is adequatewith the nature ofwork I am doing
Salaries, bonusesand benefits are
distributed evenly
Company hasgood benefits
Salary iscompetitivecompared to
domestic labormarket
Figure 3. Satisfaction level of salary and bonus items
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
4.03 Mean 3.77 3.67 3.64 3.58 3.47 3.33
(Unit: %)
1. Salary / bonus
2. Welfare
3. Working conditions
4. Training & Promotion
5. Relationship with seniors
6. Relationship with colleague
7. Workload
8. Performance evaluation
Part 1. Overall job satisfaction of employees
3.8
28.6
42.9
20.8
4.0
I am satisfied with the benefitsoffered
Figure 4. Satisfaction level for welfare system
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
2. Welfare
Satisfaction score of employees toward welfare model is slightly higher than salary and bonus (mean=3.07). In which, there are
7.6% respondents feel satisfied with the welfare system of current company more than those who dissatisfied.
More than 3 out of 10 surveyed employees are not satisfied with current welfare model
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the welfare system received at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
Satisfaction mean
3.07
(Unit: %)
2. Welfare
In general, all groups achieved mean satisfaction score of over 3.00 excluding female employees and employees who have 3
years working or less. In details, their satisfaction mean for welfare system is 2.89 and 2.94 respectively.
Overall assessment of welfare system is not much different among groups
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the welfare system received at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
2.94
3.04
3.00
3.04
3.17
3.18
3.11
3.10
3.10
2.89
Figure 5. Satisfaction mean for welfare system by groups
Male (n=244)
18 - 30 years old (n=180)
Jakarta (n=104)
Bachelor Degree or higher (n=211)
3 years working or less (n=162)
Female (n=127)
Above 30 years old (n=191)
Others (n=267)
Diploma Degree or lower (n=160)
More than 3 years working (n=209)
(Unit: %)
2. Welfare
Though overall satisfaction mean is 3.07, the score for each item is higher
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the welfare system received at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
36.1 32.6 30.5 24.5 22.1 21.3 18.3
46.9
33.2 42.9 49.9
34.0 42.0 38.8
11.6
19.4 12.7 17.5
24.3 18.1 24.0
4.6 11.6 11.3 5.4
14.8 13.2 13.5
0.8 3.2 2.7 2.7 4.9 5.4 5.4
Company hasgood allowance
(holiday,children...)
Companyprovides fullinsurance foremployees
Companysupports healthcare checking
annually
Companyfacilitates
employees to goon vacation / sick
leave uponrequest
Company hastrade union
organization toprotect
employees' rights
Companysupports
transportation forwork implement
Company hasyearly trip foremployees
Figure 6. Satisfaction level for welfare items
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
4.13 Mean 3.80 3.87 3.88 3.54 3.61 3.51
Good allowance, annual healthcare check and vacation / sick leave upon request are voted as best three welfare items for
employees in their current company, with satisfaction mean of 4.13, 3.88 and 3.87 respectively.
1. Salary / bonus
2. Welfare
3. Working conditions
4. Training & Promotion
5. Relationship with seniors
6. Relationship with colleague
7. Workload
8. Performance evaluation
Part 1. Overall job satisfaction of employees
3.0 31.5
44.7
19.9
0.8
I am satisfied with workingconditions in current company
Figure 7. Satisfaction level of working conditions
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
3. Working conditions
34.5% employees participating in survey revealed that they are satisfied with current working condition in their company
compared to 20.7% who dissatisfied.
3.16 is satisfaction mean score for work conditions
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the working conditions at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
Satisfaction mean
3.16
(Unit: %)
3.18 3.12 3.20 3.12 3.09 3.19 3.12 3.21 3.13 3.18
Male(n=244)
Female(n=127)
18 - 30years old(n=180)
Above 30years old(n=191)
Jakarta(n=104)
Others(n=267)
BachelorDegree or
higher(n=211)
DiplomaDegree or
lower(n=160)
3 years orless
(n=162)
More than 3year
(n=209)
Figure 8. Mean satisfaction score for working conditions by groups
3. Working conditions
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the working conditions at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
Mean
In general, level of satisfaction about current working condition across gender, age, living area, qualifications and working
experience are quite similar.
The highest mean is 3.21 and there is no a big gap with the lowest of 3.09
3. Working conditions
Rating for various elements of working conditions is generally positive
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the working conditions at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
27.0 19.9 16.4 15.4 14.0
41.8 47.7 46.9 54.4 49.3
21.6 22.1 24.8 21.6 27.2
8.9 9.4 10.5 7.8 8.6
0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.8
I am always ensuredlabour safety at
workplace
I was well-equipped formy work
I received preventioninstruction for accidents
that can happen
I received usinginstruction for equipment
/ support tools for mywork
I was given advice onhealth protection method
when working
Figure 9. Satisfaction level of detail working conditions
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
3.85 Mean 3.77 3.67 3.76 3.67
More than 60% employees agree that their employers pay good attention to their working conditions by ensuring the safety,
providing working equipment as well as full-instruction for operation.
1. Salary / bonus
2. Welfare
3. Working conditions
4. Training & Promotion
5. Relationship with seniors
6. Relationship with colleague
7. Work load
8. Performance evaluation
Part 1. Overall job satisfaction of employees
4. Training & promotion
Percentage of surveyed employees who believe that they can receive good chance for training and promotion at their current
companies is twice the percentage of those who do not.
Rating for training & promotion is generally positive with 3.25 point on 5-scale
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the training and promotion opportunity at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
9.2 33.2 33.2 22.4 2.2
I am satisfied with the training opportunities / promotions ofcurrent company
Strongly agree 9.2
Agree 33.2
Neutral 33.2
Disagree 22.4
Strongly disagree 2.2
Figure 10. Satisfaction level of training & promotion opportunity Satisfaction mean
3.25
3.36 3.04
3.34 3.16 3.17 3.28 3.18
3.34 3.27 3.23
Male(n=244)
Female(n=127)
18 - 30years old(n=180)
Above 30years old(n=191)
Jakarta(n=104)
Others(n=267)
BachelorDegree or
higher(n=211)
DiplomaDegree or
lower(n=160)
3 years orless
(n=162)
More than 3year
(n=209)
Figure 11. Mean satisfaction score for training & promotion opportunity
4. Training & promotion
Assessment on training and promotion opportunity by groups is not too different
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the training and promotion opportunity at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
Mean
The satisfaction mean score for training and promotion opportunity range from 3.04 to 3.36. In which, male group has highest
figure (mean= 3.36) and female group has lowest (mean= 3.21).
21.8 13.7 13.2
41.2 49.6 43.9
22.4 26.7 29.9
12.7 8.1 11.1
1.9 1.9 1.9
Company facilitate me toimprove knowledge and
working skills
I have chances toparticipate in trainingcourses for effective
working
Current training courses ofcompany are good
Figure 12. Satisfaction level of training opportunity
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
4. Training & promotion
More than half also said that current training courses of company are good (63.3%) and employees have chances to participate
in those training courses (57.1).
For training, 63% respondents received good facilitation from their company
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the training and promotion opportunity at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
3.68 Mean 3.56 3.65
17.8 7.0
41.5
31.0
22.6
35.8
15.6 23.2
2.4 3.0
Company has good promotionopportunity for qualified
employees
There are many promotionopportunities in my current job
Figure 13. Satisfaction level of promotion opportunity
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
4. Training & promotion
Although 59.3% surveyed employees agreed that their company has good advancement opportunity, only 38% admitted that
there are many in their current job, which leads to lower mean score (3.16 compared to 3.57).
For promotion opportunities, there are different ideas
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the training and promotion opportunity at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
3.57 3.16 Mean
1. Salary / bonus
2. Welfare
3. Working conditions
4. Training & Promotion
5. Relationship with manager
6. Relationship with colleague
7. Work load
8. Performance evaluation
Part 1. Overall job satisfaction of employees
7.5 9.2
32.3 55.3
39.4
29.1
17
5.9 3.8 0.5
I am satisfied with mycurrent manager
I am satisfied with mycolleagues at work
Figure 14. Satisfaction level of relationship with manager & colleagues
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
5 – 6. Relationship with manager & colleagues
Obviously, less than 40% surveyed employees feel satisfied with their manager while more than 60% feel satisfied with their
colleagues at workplace.
Satisfaction mean score for manager is 3.23 compared to 3.67 for colleagues
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the relationship with manager at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the relationship with colleagues at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
Mean of satisfaction
3.67 Mean of satisfaction
3.23
5 – 6. Relationship with manager & colleagues
It is apparent from survey results that the employees who work outside Jakarta have the most harmonious relationship with their
colleagues (3.70), while highest satisfaction level toward manager belongs to those who have Diploma Degree or lower (3.29).
Ratings for both relationships among groups are quite consistent
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the relationship with manager at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the relationship with colleagues at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
3.27 3.15 3.28 3.18 3.20 3.24 3.18 3.29 3.22 3.23
3.68 3.64 3.66 3.67 3.58 3.70 3.65 3.68 3.67 3.67
Male(n=244)
Female(n=127)
18 - 30years old(n=180)
Above 30years old(n=191)
Jakarta(n=104)
Others(n=267)
BachelorDegree or
higher(n=211)
DiplomaDegree or
lower(n=160)
3 years orless
(n=162)
More than 3year
(n=209)
Figure 15. Mean satisfaction score for relationship with manager & colleagues
Seniors Colleagues
Mean
17.0 14.3 14.0 13.7 13.5 11.6
38.3
62.3 51.8 46.6 41.5 45.0
28.6
20.8
22.1 27.5 28.8
34.5
14.3 2.7
10.8 11.3 14.3 8.4
1.9 0.0 1.3 0.8 1.9 0.5
Manager hasleadership skills
Manager alwayssupports and
encourages mewhen necessary
I have no difficulty incommunicatedirectly with
manager
Manager hasprofessionalcapabilities
Manager has fairtreatment with
subordinate staff
Manager recognizesmy contribution to
company
Figure 16. Satisfaction level of relationship with manager
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
5 – 6. Relationship with manager & colleagues
However, they have high suspicion when mentioning the fair treatment between subordinate staff, as well as leadership skills of
their manager and scores highest among issues they concern (16.2% each).
Most employees highly appreciated that their manager always supports and encourages them
(Unit: %)
3.87 Mean 3.88 3.66 3.50 3.61 3.59
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the relationship with manager at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
15.6 14.0 12.7 8.9 8.6 7.5 7.3
53.4 62.5 55.8
52.3 52.3
36.1 47.7
25.3 20.8
26.7 33.4 30.7
42.9
35.8
4.9 2.4 4.9 4.6 7.8 11.9 7.8
0.8 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.5 1.6 1.3
I learned a lotfrom my
colleagues
I cooperate wellwith my
colleagues tofinish the job
My colleaguesare friendly and
sociable
My colleaguesalways supportedme while working
My colleaguesgive me usefuladvice in work
My colleaguesand me compete
fairly at work
My colleaguesare reliable
Figure 17. Satisfaction level of relationship with colleagues
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
5 – 6. Relationship with manager & colleagues
As can be seen from the chart, average score for the satisfaction level of the surveyed employees toward their peers is rather
good. Approximately 3/4 respondents said that they cooperate well with their colleagues to finish the job and the satisfaction
mean score is up to 3.88.
The majority of 371 respondents have good words about their colleagues
(Unit: %)
3.78 Mean 3.88 3.64 3.36 3.61 3.52
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the relationship with colleagues at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371
3.76
1. Salary / bonus
2. Welfare
3. Working conditions
4. Training & Promotion
5. Relationship with seniors
6. Relationship with colleague
7. Work load
8. Performance evaluation
Part 1. Overall job satisfaction of employees
6.5
45.3
33.4
13.5
1.3
I am satisfied with the currentworkload
Figure 18. Satisfaction level of workload
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
7. Workload
In general, surveyed employees in Indonesia do not feel pressure with their current workload. To clarify, the satisfied percentage
is 51.8 compared to 14.8 of dissatisfied percentage.
Satisfaction mean score of workload satisfaction is quite good with 3.42
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the workload at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
3.42
Satisfaction mean (Based on 5 scale measurement)
7. Workload
While the employees aged above 30 have highest satisfaction mean (3.67), those who worked less than 3 years in current
company seem to have a high volume workload and have lower gratification level of 3.30.
There is difference among groups, but not significantly
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the workload at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
Male
(n=244)
Female
(n=127) 18 - 30
years old
(n=180)
Above 30
years old
(n=191)
Jakarta
(n=104)
Others
(n=267) Bachelor
Degree or
higher
(n=211)
Diploma
Degree or
lower
(n=160)
3 years or
less
(n=162)
More than
3 year
(n=209)
3.47 3.33 3.66 3.67
3.39 3.43 3.41 3.43 3.30 3.52
Figure 19. Mean satisfaction score for workload by groups
5.1
5.9
6.2
11.6
11.9
14.0
15.1
15.9
19.1
62.0
59.6
54.2
53.6
42.3
53.1
65.5
71.4
62.3
24.8
32.1
35.8
28.6
34.5
29.1
14.6
11.1
16.4
8.1
2.4
3.8
6.2
10.0
3.8
4.9
1.6
2.2
1.3
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0
My current workload is reasonable
I receive comments on working effectiveness from my seniors
I have right to make decision for works in my professional field
My current work has many interesting challenges
My current work is highly appreciated in company
I use different skills in current work
My current work helps me to use all abilities and strengths
I understand requirements of my current work
My current work requires professional
Figure 20. Satisfaction level of work aspects
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
7. Workload
Over 80% respondents said that their current work requires professionalism and they understand requirements of their work.
However, only 54.2% commented that “their work is highly appreciated in company”.
Employees are relatively satisfied with different aspects of work
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the work at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
3.98
Mean
4.02
3.91
3.77
3.53
3.71
3.63
3.69
3.64
1. Salary / bonus
2. Welfare
3. Working conditions
4. Training & Promotion
5. Relationship with seniors
6. Relationship with colleague
7. Work load
8. Performance evaluation
Part 1. Overall job satisfaction of employees
3.5
45.0
36.4
14.0
1.1
I am satisfied with theperformance assessmentelements for current work
Figure 21. Satisfaction level of performance evaluation
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
8. Performance evaluation
Less than 50% employees participating in the survey felt that their company has good elements in work performance
assessment.
Surveyed people express different level of agreement when refer to performance assessment
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the performance evaluation at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
3.23
Satisfaction mean (Based on 5 scale measurement)
8. Performance evaluation
Male group has strongest belief with their current evaluation system (mean= 3.41). Meanwhile, their female peers have lowest
belief (mean= 3.25).
Mean score for the evaluation system among groups is from 3.25 to 3.41
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the performance evaluation at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
Male
(n=244)
Female
(n=127) 18 - 30
years old
(n=180)
Above 30
years old
(n=191)
Jakarta
(n=104)
Others
(n=267) Bachelor
Degree or
higher
(n=211)
Diploma
Degree or
lower
(n=160)
3 years or
less
(n=162)
More than
3 year
(n=209)
3.41 3.25
3.39 3.33 3.30 3.38 3.31 3.42 3.35 3.37
Figure 22. Satisfaction mean of performance evaluation by groups
3.0
7.3
9.4
11.1
12.4
13.7
34.0
59.6
46.4
63.3
38.8
35.0
47.2
24.8
32.9
23.5
27.2
28.6
15.4
7.8
9.4
1.9
18.6
18.6
0.5
0.5
1.9
3.0
4.0
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0
Performance assessment card can not reflect my personal abilities well
Current work is suitable with my ability
Company motivates me to work effectively
I understand the need of self improvement to meet job's requirement
Salary / Bonus reflect my contribution to the company
If I do my job well, I will get a raise / bonus
Figure 23. Satisfaction level of performance evaluation items
Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree
8. Performance evaluation
However, part of them are not optimistic about the adequacy between payment and performance. In particular, 22.6% unsure if
they can get a raise / bonus with good performance and 21.6% also disagree that their salary / bonus could reflect their
contribution.
Surveyed employees acknowledge self-improvement demand for better work performance
(74.4%)
Q. Please let us know your agreement level toward the performance evaluation at current company? [Matrix SA] Based n=371 (Unit: %)
Mean
3.36
3.39
3.83
3.52
3.65
3.23
1. Factors – Independent variables
3. Regression model
2. Factors – Dependent variable
Part 2. Regression model on overall job
satisfaction of employees
1. Factors – Independent variables
※ Note:
• Cronbach’s alpha (α) analysis was employed to test the consistency among variables obtained in one factor.
• Minimum acceptable level of alpha value is 0.7, Cronbach's Alpha ≥ 0.8 indicates an overall higher reliability factor.
Factor 1. Salary / Bonus Factor 2. Welfare Factor 3. Working conditions
1Salary is adequate with my job
responsibility
2Salary is adequate with the nature of work
I am doing
3Salary is competitive compared to
domestic labor market
4Annual salary increase is suitable with my
contribution to company
5Bonus (monthly / quarterly / yearly) is
adequate with work effectiveness
6Salaries, bonuses and benefits are
distributed evenly
"Company has good benefits" variable was
excluded due to the inappropriateness with
model
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.811
1 Company has yearly trip for employees
2Company provides full insurance for
employees
3Company facilitates employees to go on
vacation / sick leave upon request
4Company supports health care checking
annually
5Company supports transportation for work
implement
6Company has good allowance (holiday,
children...)
7Company has trade union organization to
protect employees' rights
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.877
1 I was well-equipped for my work
2I received using instruction for equipment /
support tools for my work
3I am always ensured labour safety at
workplace
4I received prevention instruction for
accidents that can happen
5I was given advice on health protection
method when working
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.863
Through analysis process, functional and psychological variables were constructed to identify the factors that
may have effect on job satisfaction of the employees.
There are 8 factors in total as independent variables:
1. Factors – Independent variables
Factor 4. Training & Promotion
1Company has good promotion opportunity
for qualified employees
2There are many promotion opportunities in
my current job
3I have chances to participate in training
courses for effective working
4Current training courses of company are
good
5Company facilitate me to improve
knowledge and working skills
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.819
Factor 5. Relationship with seniors
1 Senior has professional capabilities
2 Senior has leadership skills
3I have no difficulty in communicate directly
with senior
4Senior has fair treatment with subordinate
staff
5Senior recognizes my contribution to
company
6Senior always supports and encourages
me when necessary
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.844
Factor 6. Relationship with colleague
1I cooperate well with my colleagues to
finish the job
2 My colleagues are friendly and sociable
3My colleagues always supported me while
working
4My colleagues give me useful advice in
work
5 My colleagues are reliable
6My colleagues and me compete fairly at
work
7 I learned a lot from my colleagues
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.837
Through analysis process, functional and psychological variables were constructed to identify the factors that
may have effect on job satisfaction of the employees.
There are 8 factors in total as independent variables:
※ Note:
• Cronbach’s alpha (α) analysis was employed to test the consistency among variables obtained in one factor.
• Minimum acceptable level of alpha value is 0.7, Cronbach's Alpha ≥ 0.8 indicates an overall higher reliability factor.
1. Factors – Independent variables
Factor 7. Work load
1 My current work has many interesting challenges
2 My current work requires professional
3 I understand requirements of my current work
4 I use different skills in current work
5 My current work helps me to use all abilities and strengths
6 I have right to make decision for works in my professional field
7 I receive comments on working effectiveness from my seniors
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.779
Variables were excluded due to the inappropriateness with model:
- "My current workload is reasonable"
- "My current work is highly appreciated in company"
Factor 8. Performance evaluation
1 Company motivates me to work effectively
2 If I do my job well, I will get a raise / bonus
3I understand the need of self improvement to
meet job's requirement
4Salary / Bonus reflect my contribution to the
company
5 Current work is suitable with my ability
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.729
Variables were excluded due to the inappropriateness
with model:
- "Performance assessment card can not reflect my
personal abilities well"
※ The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure (KMO) was computed to determine whether the data is suitable for factor analysis. The
value of KMO varies from 0 to 1, and should be 0.60 or higher to perform factor analysis.
As KMO of this model is 0.924, it can be concluded that this model is suitable for factor analysis.
There are 8 factors in total as independent variables:
※ Note:
• Cronbach’s alpha (α) analysis was employed to test the consistency among variables obtained in one factor.
• Minimum acceptable level of alpha value is 0.7, Cronbach's Alpha ≥ 0.8 indicates an overall higher reliability factor.
2. Factors – Dependent variable
1 I am satisfied with the salary / bonus in current company
2 I am satisfied with the benefits offered
3 I am satisfied with working conditions in current company
4 I am satisfied with the training opportunities / promotions of current company
5 I am satisfied with my current senior
6 I am satisfied with my colleagues at work
7 I am satisfied with the current workload
8 I am satisfied with the performance assessment element for current work
Cronbach's Alpha = 0.835
Overall satisfaction (Dependent variable)
Factor analysis has been employed to explore the underlying factors associated with overall satisfaction of
employees, as displayed in below table.
※ Note:
• Cronbach’s alpha (α) analysis was employed to test the consistency among variables obtained in one factor.
• Minimum acceptable level of alpha value is 0.7, Cronbach's Alpha ≥ 0.8 indicates an overall higher reliability factor.
3. Regression model
1st regression analysis result shows that:
(Constant) and 4 independent variables (Salary / Bonus, Welfare, Working conditions, Work load) has p-value (Sig.) greater
than alpha value (shown in Table 1) that means there is no basis to reject the Ho: β = 0. As a result, these 4 independent
variables would be excluded from model.
Regression coefficients are conducted as follows:
Ho: β = 0
H1: β ≠ 0
Multivariate regression analysis was employed for testing the hypothesis of this research with 8 independent
variables from factor analysis and one dependent variable.
Variable name B Beta Sig. VIF
(Constant) -2.36E-17 1.000
Salary / Bonus 0.065 0.065 0.135 1.499
Welfare -0.080 -0.08 0.103 1.897
Working conditions 0.077 0.077 0.108 1.810
Training & Promotion 0.177 0.177 0.001 2.081
Relationship with seniors 0.248 0.248 0.000 1.901
Relationship with colleague 0.121 0.121 0.007 1.597
Work load -0.003 -0.003 0.940 1.379
Performance evaluation 0.310 0.31 0.000 2.158
※Significance level (α) = 5% (0.05)
Table 1. Coefficients
3. Regression model
2nd regression analysis result shows that:
1. Adjusted R2 = 0.536 means that four factors can help researchers to explain 53.6% variance of the above model
(Table 2).
2. Sig F = 0.00, is smaller than alpha value (0.05), indicated that this regression model has meaning which means
the independent variables significantly affect the Overall job satisfaction of employees.
3. Durbin Watson statistic with coefficient = 2.149 indicated no presence of autocorrelation in the model.
After excluding 4 independent variables, 2st multivariate regression analysis was employed and results
show as in Table 2 below.
Variable name B Beta Sig. VIF
(Constant) -3.96E-17 1.000
Training & Promotion 0.180 0.18 0.000 1.818
Relationship with seniors 0.264 0.264 0.000 1.816
Relationship with colleague 0.117 0.117 0.008 1.532
Performance evaluation 0.330 0.33 0.000 1.931
※ Significance level (α) = 5%
Sig. F coefficient of model = 0.00
Adjusted R Square coefficient = 0.536
Durbin Watson coefficient = 2.149
Table 2. Coefficients
3. Regression model
2nd regression analysis result shows that:
4. VIF coefficient (variance inflation factor) of independent variables is less than 10, which means there is no phenomenon of
multicollinearity between variables in the model.
5. Similar to 1st regression analysis, the (Constant ) has P value (Sig.) = 1.000 and greater than alpha value (Table 2) that
means there is no basis to reject the hypothesis. As a result, (Constant) is removed from the regression equation.
6. As can be seen in Table 2, p-value of 4 remaining variables are all smaller than 0.05 . Therefore, null hypothesis Ho: β = 0
is rejected and shows these variables have meaning in the model and significantly affect the Overall job satisfaction.
After excluding 4 independent variables, 2st multivariate regression analysis was employed and results
show as in Table 2 below.
Variable name B Beta Sig. VIF
(Constant) -3.96E-17 1.000
Training & Promotion 0.180 0.18 0.000 1.818
Relationship with seniors 0.264 0.264 0.000 1.816
Relationship with colleague 0.117 0.117 0.008 1.532
Performance evaluation 0.330 0.33 0.000 1.931
※ Significance level (α) = 5%
Sig. F coefficient of model = 0.00
Adjusted R Square coefficient = 0.536
Durbin Watson coefficient = 2.149
Table 2. Coefficients
3. Regression model
Variable name B Beta Sig. VIF
(Constant) -3.96E-17 1.000
Training & Promotion 0.180 0.18 0.000 1.818
Relationship with seniors 0.264 0.264 0.000 1.816
Relationship with colleague 0.117 0.117 0.008 1.532
Performance evaluation 0.330 0.33 0.000 1.931
※ Significance level (α) = 5%
Sig. F coefficient of model = 0.00
Adjusted R Square coefficient = 0.536
Durbin Watson coefficient = 2.149
Table 2. Coefficients
Regression equation on factors affecting on overall employee satisfaction is:
Overall Satisfaction (Y) = 0.18*Training & Promotion (X1) + 0.264*Relationship with seniors (X2) +
0.117*Relationship with colleague (X3) + 0.330*Performance evaluation (X4)
In conclusion, four independent variables included in the model are directly correlated with the dependent variable.
Especially, “Performance evaluation “ variable impacts strongest on overall employee satisfaction. In particular, 1 point
enhancement of “Performance evaluation “ will lead to 0.330 point increase of overall satisfaction level.
D. Respondent information
65.8
34.2
Gender
Male Female
28.0
72.0
Living area
Jakarta Others
48.5 51.5
Age
18 - 30 y/o Above 30 y/o
43.7 56.3
Working time
3 years or less More than 3 year
0.5
4.9
5.4
5.7
7.3
17.8
58.5
Company shares
Small Business
State company
Foreign investment
Others
Goverment/ public sector
Private company
Company type
0.5
6.7
12.4
12.7
29.4
38.3
Director
Senior Manager
Coordinator staff
Management staff
Worker
Staff
Current position
(Unit: %)
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