NURSING ARTSNURSING ARTS

INTRODUCTIONHOME NURSING

- is the care of the sick, infirm, convalescent, the aged, and the infant at home.- to help the patients gain good health so that they can appreciate and enjoy normal and healthy lifestyles.

Practical or Vocational nurses

- Are allied nursing personnel, who provide care for patients under the direction of a physician or registered nurse. The short course runs from 12 to 18 months and requires at least 2 years of high school for admission.

Caregiver

- refers to a family member or a person who is taking the primary responsibility for the patient.

The Basic

Nursing

task

Nursing practice is primarily the caring relationship between the nurse and the person and swearing in their care. In providing nursing care, nurses are implementing the nursing care plan, which is based on a nursing assessment.

Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles.

1. Communicate or talk with the patient

2. Observe, record, and report any changes in the patient’s condition. Follow instructions of the doctor accurately.

3. Maintain a clean environment at home.

4. Assist the patient in the use of wheelchair or commode.

5. Make the patient’s bed and change linens as often as necessary.

6. Clean equipment used by the patient and wash linens and towels and appropriate.

7. Assist with personal care, including oral hygiene, bathing, dressing, urinal, using bedpan, or bathroom facilities.

8. Prepare patient’s food.

9. Collect specimen, observe, measure. Report complaints of pain or discomfort of patients.

10. Apply binders and elastic bandages, and perform basic urine tests for sugar as directed by attending Physician.

Procedures a Home

Nurse May Not Do

These takes are not allowed for a home Nurse Not to Do.

1. Change sterile dressings.

2. Irrigate body cavities which include administering enemas.

3. Catheterization.

4. Administer medication.

5. A home nurse must not disturb the patient’s personal belongings.

The qualities

of a Good

Home nurse

There are certain traits, attitudes, and habits that make a good home nurse.

A. Personal Hygiene

1. take a daily bath and keep your mouth and teeth clean.

2. Dress properly.

3. keep your hair clean and neatly combed.

4. Keep your nails short.

5. Avoid heavy make-up.

B. Traits, attitudes and habits

1. You must have genuine interest to help others.

2. Be gracious and polite at all times.

3. make friends and get along well with others.

4. be considerate and tactful.

5. Show sympathy and patience with others.

6. Learn new things and improve your performance.

Let’s take Care of Them… Save their

Lives!!!

Types of Disease or condition by cause• Acute illness- comes on suddenly and

usually runs its course w/ in a short period of time.

Examples: pneumonia & appendicitis

• Chronic illness – continues over years or a life time.

Examples: Arthritis & diabetes

Types of Disease

Or Conditions by

cause

1. Aging – Caused by the alterations of all the body systems. Ex. Arthritis, Arteriosclerosis

2. Birth Injury –A condition that occurs at birth. Ex. Cerebral palsy

3. Chemical – Caused by foreign substance in the body. Ex. Alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver

4. Congenital – Occurs during pregnancy or passed on the genes. Ex. Cleft palate

5. Deficiency – Caused by lack of nutrients or hormones in the body. Ex. Scurvy

6. Infection – Caused by microorganisms. Ex. Measles, chickenpox

7. Mechanical Blocks – Caused by formation of an obstruction of body waste, fluids or natural chemicals. Ex. Blood clots

8. Metabolic – Caused by failure of the body to produce or break down substances needed for normal processes. Ex. diabetes

9. Neoplasm – Caused by abnormal growth of tissues. Ex. Cancer

10.Trauma – Caused by physical injury. Ex. Broken bone

Communicable Diseases

• Typhoid Fever – is a highly infectious disease which affects the body lymphatic tissues.

• Signs and symptoms1. Fever2. Headache3. Slow pulse4. Loss of appetite5. Vomiting6. Constipation/diarrhea

Amoebiasis/Amebic Dysentery-• is an infection of the large intestines

and liver caused by a parasite, Entomeba histolytica.

• Symptoms1. Diarrhea2. Abdominal pain3. Weight loss4. Fever5. Rapid pulse

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever – is an acute infection transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito• Signs1.Fever2. Severe head, back and joint pain3. Rashes4. Sore throat5. Abdominal pain6. Bloody urine

Chicken pox( Varicella)- is an acute, extremely contagious viral disease.• Signs1. Fever2. Back ache3. Vomiting4. Rashes

Measles ( rubeola) – is an acute highly contagious viral disease, which is common among children worldwide

• Signs1. Fever2. Redness of the eyes3. Rashes4. Cough5. Anorexia – loss of appetite

MUMPS – is an acute contagious viral disease characterized by enlargement of the parotid glands• Signs1. Moderate fever2. Chills3. Headache4. Loss of appetite5. Ear ache

Non communicable Diseases

• Arthritis: Rheumatoid – is a chronic inflammation of connective tissue and joints.

• Signs1. Fatigue2. Loss of appetite3. Anemia4. Weight loss5. Deformity and inflammation of the

joint

Asthma- is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by periodic attacks of coughing and wheezing due to narrowing of air passage and clogging of smaller airways.*SIGNS*• 1. difficulty of breathing• 2. Coughing

Hypertension-is a common disorder characterized by elevation of blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mm.• Signs1. Sever headache2. Dizziness3. Fainting4. Fatigue5. Palpitations

Dysmenorrhoea - is a medical condition characterized by severe uterine pain during menstruation.

• Sign1.Pain in the lower abdomen.2.Nausea and Vomiting3.Diarrhea or constipation 4.Headache and Dizziness5.Disorientation

Benign tumor – does not usually re-grow once removed and does not invade surrounding tissue.

Cancer is a malignant neoplasm. It grows, spreads, invades and destroys organs.

Neoplasm – means new growth *Observing the patient*

* Objective observation- refers to symptoms that can be observed and reported exactly as they are see.

Subjective observation-are signs and symptoms that can be felt and describe only by patient.EX. Dizziness, headache, etc.

*Measuring the blood pressure*Blood pressure – is the force of the

blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels.

Sphygmomanometer – is used to measure the blood pressure.

2 types of sphygmomanometer1. Aneroid ( dial type)2. MercuryStethoscope – is an instrument used to

listen to the pulse, heartbeat, or breathing sounds in the chest.

Systolic pressure – when the heart is contracting, the blood pressure is highest

Diastolic pressure – the heart is most relaxed, the pressure is lowest.

120/80 – normal blood pressure of a young healthy adult.

160/130 – at birth, 130/110 infants

Over 7 yrs old – 90/80women – 80/70Men – 70/60Hypertension – is a condition where

the patients blood pressure is higher than the normal range.

Hypotension – is referred to as low blood pressure.

Factors which cause the spread of disease

• Inadequate water supply• Improper toilet facilities• Poor refuse control• Inadequate vector control• Polluted surroundings• Poor housing• Lack of drainage

• Malnutrition• Unavailability of health centers and

poor attitude of health personnel• Ignorance • Improper and unsanitary food

preparation and handling

Kinds of bath for the patients• Complete bed bath – give to a patient

who is too weak or sick to move• Partial bed bath – who is able to take

care of most of his or her bathing needs.• Tub bath – given to a patient or orders of

the doctor for therapeutic reasons.• Shower – recovering from illness & one

who is strong enough to walk around.

Different kinds of diets

1. Regular – provides all essentials of good nourishment in regular or normal forms. This is recommended for patients who do not need a special diet.

2. Clear liquid – this consists of broth, tea, or gelatin. This is usually given to patients who have had surgery and those who are very ill.

3. Full liquid – this is given to patients who are unable to chew or swallow solid food.

4. High calorie – This is recommended for underweight or malnourished patients.

5. Tube feeding – this is a specialized formula a liquid form of nutrient given to the patient through a tube.

WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Angel cares for her 56- year – old

mother who, because of a car accident six years ago, is disabled and is confined to a wheelchair. Her older brother lives nearby, but refuses to help. “ I’m married with my own responsibilities,” he tells angel.

Angel’s father died ten years ago, so she is the only one in the family available and willing to help. To make sure both ends meet for her and her mom, she works two jobs, making her days very long.

Angel’s mom requires some assistance, especially in the morning and in the evening. While she can manage during the day, she cannot live alone.

Angel has discussed with her nursing home placement, but her mom absolutely refuses. “ I’ll kill myself before I let you put me away,” her mom tells her.

It’s has been a long, painful six years for Angel. Now 32- years old, she longs to have her own life.

She wants to date, to go out with friends, and to live on her own. The thought of another six years or longer – weighs on her. The only word Angel can find to describe her life mow is miserable.

Answer the ff:1. Why are women considered responsible

for family care giving?2. Why is it important to consider the

cleanliness and personal hygiene of a home nurse/ caregiver?

Study the following pp.• P. 18- 29• P. 32• P. 46-48• P. 76• Assignments: 1 whole sheet of

paper• Answer p. 30• Check up # 1-4• Try these - # 2