ABACUS

The flat slab on the top of a capital.

ACROPOLISACRO = HIGHPOLIS = CITY

ACROPOLISACRO = HIGHPOLIS = CITY

ATHENS

AGORA

TYRE

The was a central spot in ancient Greek city-states. The literal meaning of the word is "Gathering place" or "Assembly". The agora was the center of athletic, artistic, spiritual and political life of the city

ADOBE

BAM, IRAN

Adobe is a natural building material made from sand, clay, water, and some kind of fibrous or organic material (sticks, straw, and/or manure), which the builders shape into bricks using frames and dry in the sun

AISLEOpen area of a church parallel to the nave and separated from it by columns or piers.

ARCH A basic architectural structure composed of bricks or stones so arranged as by mutual pressure to support one another.

ARCADEA range of arches carried on piers or columns, either free-standing or blind

ARCHITRAVEThe lowest division of the entablature in classical architecture . The main lintel or beam spanning from column to column.

AwningA metal, glass, or cloth protective roof over a window, deck ,or door to offer shade or relief from rain.

ATTICSmall top storey within a roof.

BALCONYA platform projecting from a wall directly outside a door on an upper level of a building.

BalustradeA railing system, generally around a

balcony or on a second level, consisting of balusters and a top rail.

BAPTISTERYIn Christian architecture the baptistry or baptistery is the separate planned structure surrounding the baptismal font for the baptismal rites

BaroqueThe word Baroque means a misshapen pearl. This period of architecture was called baroque because it was considered very odd.

Baroque architecture evolved out of Renaissance architecture in Italy. In the 1600's, the renaissance architects began to get bored with the symmetry and same old forms they had been using for the past 200 years.

They started to make bold, curving, and not at all symmetrical buildings, with ornate decorations. They started to make curving facades, and used the double curve on many different buildings.

BASEMENT A basement is one or more floors of a building that are either completely or partially below the ground floor.

BAYBay – A vertical division of the

exterior or interior of a building

BAY-WINDOW

a window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room, either square or polygonal in plan.

BASCILICALARGE HALL USED FOR ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE OR COMMERCIAL EXCHANGE

ST PETER’S BASCILICA, VATICAN CITY

FRAME STRUCTURE OPPOSITE TO SOLID WALL CONSTRUCTION

BRACKETA small supporting piece of stone or other material, often formed of scrolls or volutes, to carry a projecting weight

BUTTRESSA mass of masonry or brick-work projecting from or built against a wall to give additional strength.

CANTILEVERA cantilever is a beam anchored at only one end

CHAITYAA BUDDHIST/JAIN SHRINE CONTAINING A HALL

CHAJJASTRUCTURAL OVERHANG PROVIDED OVER OPENINGS ON EXTERNAL WALLS TO PROVIDE PROTECTION FROM SUN AND RAIN

CHATTRIAN UMBRELLA SHAPED CUPOLA

CLEAR STOREY/ CLERESTORY

The upper part of the main walls of a church above the aisle roofs, pierced by windows

COFFERA coffer (or coffering), is a sunken panel in the shape of a square, rectangle, or octagon in a ceiling, soffit or vault.

Pantheon, Rome

ColonnadeColonnade – A row of columns carrying an entablature or arches.

COLLAGEDesign composition of photoghaphs and papers of different textures, forms and materials on a hard surface

CORNICECornice molding is generally any horizontal decorative molding that crowns any building or furniture element: the cornice over a door or window, for instance, or the cornice around the edge of a pedestal

COURTYARDA court or courtyard is an enclosed area, often a space enclosed by a building that is open to the sky.