HOUSING PROJECTS BY

CHARLES CORREA

BELAPUR HOUSING- RICHA RAJ, 1405029

TARA HOUSING- PARVEEN AFREEN, 1405028

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS-AARTI RANI, 1405005

BELAPUR INCREMENTAL HOUSINGNAVI MUMBAI

RICHA RAJ

1405029

BELAPUR INCREMENTAL HOUSINGARTIST VILLAGE,SECTOR 8, CBD BELAPUR, NAVI MUMBAI

(1983 -1986)

•A PROPOSAL FOR MASS AFFORDABLE HOUSING

IN NEW MUMBAI (NAVI MUMBAI), WHICH

DEMONSTRATED HOW HIGH DENSITIES COULD BE

ACHIEVED WITH LOW RISE COURTYARD HOMES,

BUILT WITH SIMPLE MATERIALS AT A HUMAN

SCALE.

•BASED ON CLUSTERS OF BETWEEN 7 AND 12

PAIRS OF HOUSES ARRANGES AROUND

COMMUNAL COURTYARDS, THE BUILDING DID NOT

SHARE PARTY WALLS – ALLOWING EACH FAMILY

TO EXTEND AND ADAPT THEIR OWN HOUSE

INDEPENDENTLY.

•550 FAMILIES WERE PLANNED FOR IN A 6-ACRE

AREA LIMITATION.

PLANNING SPACES•THE PROJECT IS GENERATED BY A HIERARCHY OF SPACES. THE FIRST IS THE PRIVATE

COURTYARD OF SINGLE DWELLING USED AS A SPACE FOR OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES.

•SUBSEQUENTLY, SEVEN UNITS ARE GROUPED TO FORM A SMALL COURTYARD TOWN OF

ABOUT 8MX8M.

•THREE OF THESE HOMES FORM A MODULE OF 21 HOMES THAT DESCRIBES THE COLLECTIVE

SPACE OF THE NEXT SCALE (12MX 12M).

PLANNING SPACES

(IDEOLOGIeS)•CORREA DISCUSSED HOUSING AND THE

IMPORTANCE OF PEOPLE TO BE INVOLVED IN

DETERMINING ITS DESIGN AND USE.

•HE ALSO EMPHASISED INCREMENTAL HOUSING

AS A CENTREPIECE TO ANY SOLUTION THAT WAS

PROPOSED FOR A PLACE LIKE DHARAVI.

•THE FOOTPRINT OF EACH PLAN VARIES LITTLE

BIT IN SIZE (45 SQ.M TO 70 SQ. M), MAITAINING

EQUALITY IN THE COMMUNITY.

•SCHEME CATERS WIDE RANGE FROM THE

LOWEST BUDGETS OF RS.20,000, MIDDLE INCOME

GROUPS RS.30,000 – 50,000 AND UPPER INCOME

RS.1,80,000.

PRINCIPLES• INCREMENTALITY

• PLURALISM

• EQUITY

• IDENTITY

• INCOME GENERATION

• OPEN TO SKY SPACE

SERVICES

WATER SUPPLY•THERE IS NO UGT FOR THE PROJECT.

•EACH BUILDING HAS ITS OWN OVER HEAD

TANK.

•SEPARATE UGT FOR SOME BUNGALOWS.

DRAINAGE•SOME WATER IS DRAINED INTO THE MAIN

NALLAH.

•NO SEPARATE STP.

•CHAOTIC DRAINAGE SYSTEM.

•WASTE WATER IS DIRECTLY DRAINED INTO THE

MUNICIPAL SEWER.

ELETRICITY•CHAOTIC ELETRIC CONNECTION.

•SUBSTATION AND METER ROOM LOCATED IN

CONDOMINIUM 1.

•NO GAS PIPE LINES.

•NO RAIN WATER HARVESTING PROJECT.

THE CENTRAL NALLAH

MATERIALS AND

CONSTRUCTION•EXTERNAL WALLS OF BRICK.

•ROOF STRUCTURE COVERED WITH WOODEN

SINGLES.

•PLASTER OF WHITE COLOUR.

•COLOURFUL WOODEN IXTURES.

•OUTDOOR PAVING STONE BLOCKS.

•INDIVISUAL HOUSES RELY ON SIMPLE FLOOR

PLANS AND BUILDING METHODS, ENABLING

LOCAL CRAFTSMAN AND MASONS TO

CONSTRUCT THEM.

•HOMES ARE FREE STANDING, SO RESIDENTS

CAN ADD TO THEM AS THEIR FAMILIES GROW.

DRAWBACKS•NO MAINTAINENCE PROVISIONS WERE MADE

FOR THE COMMON SPACE IN THE CENTER OF

EACH CLUSTER.

•THE RESIDENTS ARE NOT HAPPY WITH THE

CONCEPT OF PUTTING TOILET OUTSIDE THE

HOUSE.

CURRENT SCENARIO•ONE THIRD OF THE ORIGINAL HOMES HAVE BEEN TORN DOWN AND COMPELETELY REBUILT BY

ASPIRING MIDDLE CLASSES.

•YET THE COUETYARDS AND THE COMMUNITY SPACES REMAINS INTACT, IT IS THE STRONG PIECE

OF CITY MAKING THAT HAS LASTED BEYOND THE INDIVISUAL DWELLINGS.

RECENTLY CONSTRUCTED RCC BUNGALOS

THE DILAPIDATED STRUCTURES WHICH DATE BACK TO 1970S ONE OF THE FEW ORIGINAL BUILDINGS

MULTI STORY CONSTRUCTION AS OPPOSED TO THE ORIGINAL ARCHITECTURAL GRAMMAR

CONCLUSION

•THIS HOUSING PROJECT OFFERS QUALITY OF A LIFE OF A VILLAGE WITH THE

SOPHISTICATION OF A CITY.

•EACH CLUSTER PERMITS THE EMERGENCE OF A LOCAL COMMUNITY FEELING, WHILE

INTEGRATING EACH HOUSE TO THE WHOLE

SETTLEMENT AT DIFFERENT LEVELS. THE

HIERARCHY ITSELF IS VERY ORGANIC.

•THE COMPLEX ALLOWED PEOPLE TO MODIFY

THEIR HOUSES FREELY, WHETHER WITH A

PAINTBRUSH AR MORTAR.

“ Making housing is like a bird building its nest.

you start with a basic house, but you have to

let people change it to their own needs.”

- CHARLES CORREA

KANCHANJUGA APARTMENTS

AARTI RANI

1405005

KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS

Location- Bombay, IndiaDate- 1970-1983Type- skyscraper multifamily housing Construction material- concreteClimate-hot and humid No of Storeys- 32Plot size-5260 sqmTower footprint- 436 sqmFEATURES:The tower has a proportion of 1:4(being 21 sqm and 84 m high).6.3 m cantilevered open space.The central core houses shafts and other services also provides the main structural element for resisting lateral forces.The central core is composed of lifts.The central core was constructed ahead of the main structure by slip method of construction, for the 1st time in India for a multi- storied building.

LOCATION AND ZONING:

Parking (heightened ground level)

Entrance and central core

Type A

Type A special

Type B

Type C

Type C special

Type D

Type E

SITE PLAN

• Surface parking- 20• Basement parking- 30• Clubhouse and pool• A,B,C and D type apartments.• Elevator stops at alternate floors. • Provided for all strata of people.

CONCEPT : CLIMATE RESPONSE

•In Bombay a building has to be oriented east-west to catch the prevailing sea breezes, and to open up the best views in the city; the Arabian sea on one side and the harbour on the other. But these unfortunately are also the directions of the hot sun and the heavy monsoon rains.

•Old bungalows solved this problem by wrapping a protective layer of verandas around the main living areas, thus providing the occupants with two lines of defence against the elements.

• Kanchenjunga, an attempt to apply these principles to a high rise building a condominium of 32 luxury apartments of 4 different types, varying from 2-6 bedrooms each.

•The interlock of these variations are expressed externally by the shear end walls that hold up the cantilevers.

INNOVATIVE SECTIONS:

• By studying the section, we can perceive that the whole structure is almost all the way transparent.

• Because of having double height terrace on each unit, most of the rooms get a large volume of natural light and air.

• Differentiated between the external earth filled terraces and the internal elevated living volumes.

Type A- 3 beds, 294 sqm, 10 units Type B- 3 bed, 242 sqm, 12 units

TYPE C- 5 BEDS, 373 SQM, 8 UNITS TYPE D- 4 BEDS, 361 SQM, 4 UNITS

SERVICES– ELECTRICAL– PLUMBING– STORM

WATER DRAINAGE

– FIRE SAFETY

DRAWBACKS– Water

seepage from verandah.

– Noise from Peddar road.

– Structural inapt for the ground.

INTERIORS AND VIEWS

TERRACE GARDENS•Garden terraces are a modern interpretation of the verandah of the traditional bungalow.•Each apartment is provided with a deep, double height garden terrace that is oriented away from the sun so as to afford protection from the elements.•Its minimalist unbroken surfaces are cut away to open up the double height terrace garden at the corners,revealing the complex spatial organisation of living spaces that lie within the tower, through the interlocking form and colour.•62.5% get the view of the harbour and remaining the Arabian sea.•Vibrant red and yellow colours have been used in these balconies.

TARA HOUSING

PARVEEN AFREEN

1405028

TARA HOUSING:

• Tara Apartment is a group housingproject commissioned by TaraCooperative Society, the first housingproject in Delhi.

• The concept was introduced torehabilitate the 1947 partition affectedpeople who had nowhere to settledown after their retirement from theirprofessional lives.

• The famous architect Charles Correawas roped in to design a uniquearchitectural concept.

• Tara housing group has more than 125units and 375 persons per hectare.

• The Tara pays deeply attention to theinner activities which are almosthappen in the central garden and leavethe interaction of traffic behind a wall.

Location: New Delhi, India.The project is located along Guru Ravidas Marg Street which leads to two big residential areas in the North and the South.

SITE EVALUATION:

•The building turns its back on the street to prevent noise, dust from the high flow vehicles. •Being staked as a row, central garden, big

overhangs and sharp edges, all give thesebuildings a sense of Indian characteristic underhot sun, full of light without suffering from hightemperature.

SOUTH EAST SECTION

A

A’

FIGURE GROUND

SECTION A-A’

INVERSE FIGURE GROUND GRADIENT:PUBLIC(LIGHT)- POROSITYPRIVATE(DARK)

CAR CIRCULATION SLOW ROAD NETWORK MAIN SITE ENTRANCES

BUILDING:• The duplex units are accessed

either at ground floor or second floor levels by outdoor stair cases.

• Two kinds of flat: two-bedroom flats- 84 sq. m(3 m wide, 6 m high with two floors and 15 m long, three-bedroom flats -130 sq. m.

• Each unit is provided an open terrace which is protected by a pergola and big overhangs.

• Two sides of the project are connected by staircases.

TWO BEDROOM FLAT

THREE BEDROOM FLAT

EVALUATION:

• The concept of building allows people to access directly to the interior garden.

• Everyone also has their own open-to-sky terraces with full filled shadow.

• By taking advantages of sun, wind directions and open spaces, hence lighting access and ventilation to each dwelling are maximized.

DWELLING :

• The dwellings are grouped into some small and medium blocks. Some blocks are assembled only by two-bedroom flat, some are combined between two-bedroom type and three-bedroom type. It creates the diversity of form but still maintains the logic of dwellings’ functions.

• There are just 16 three-bedroom flats so that it is not sufficient for families which have more than 4 members.

TWO BEDROOM TYPE:

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

•The complex is formed due to thecombination between pairs ofaccommodation units. •The second floor which is larger than the

ground one with a big overhang thatrises further approximately 6 m givesthe mixture between shadow and light. • The duplex above is also push back

hence front of the below one is protectedtoo.

•In that way, the whole central garden is fullfilled with shadow.

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

SECTION

DAY ZONE NIGHT ZONE

KITCHEN BATHROOM

CIRCULATION

THREE BEDROOM TYPE:FLAT A’S GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FLAT B’S GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FLAT A’S SECOND FLOOR PLAN

FLAT B’S SECOND FLOOR PLAN

•In the shape of “L”, this

type seems to be difficult to attach in the middle of a

cluster and all of them are

located in the outer-most.

DWELLING TYPOLOGY:

CONCEPT:

• A creative vernacular typology in terms of arranging and piling the singular flat into united blocks.

• They provide thermal relief to inhabitants during the harsh summer sun, with big overhangs over the units and a central garden, allowing infiltration of ample light within the units while preventing high temperatures.

PARKING LOT AND LIGHTING ACCESSIBILITY

•By separating the outside world and providing an interior garden, the building preserves theprivate life of families within. • Only pedestrians are allowed to enter the

housing group and the parking lot features inthe back of the building.

•The project takes big advantages from natural resources like lighting and ventilation and allfamilies share these features equally.•Indian architectural elements are illustratred with

the use of concrete bands ,panels of exposedbrick, portals , overhangs and shape edges.

NATURAL VENTILATION