Masters project

Pedestrian

for the City of Chicago

By: Alireza Karduni

Final Project for Masters of Urban Planning and Policy

Adviser: Charles J. Hoch

University of Illinois at ChicagoCollege of Urban Planning and Public AffairsDepartment of Urban Planning and Policy

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Table of Contents

• What is a pedestrian wayfinding system?

• Benefits of a wayfinding system

• What does a pedestrian wayfind-ing system offer?

• Why does Chicago need a pe-destrian wayfinding system?

• What needs to be studied?

• What goes into a wayfinding sys-tem?

• How does this plan go through ?

• Who walks in Chicago? and how that affects wayfinding.

- Population, race, ethnicity, and language- Age and persons with disabilities- Tourists- Different neighborhoods

• Pedestrian flow and Decision points

• Existing Chicago wayfinding and signage systems

- Major regional and citywide way-finding elements - cta - Divvy - Metra and Pace -RTA- Other local wayfinding elements- Remarks on Chicago’s existing wayfinding situation

• Wayfinding Goals

• Wayfinding Objectives

• Wayfinding Strategies

• Priorities

Design Stage

• Flow of information

• Signage elements- Identifier section- Location section- Directional information - Neighborhood map - Area map - Legend and information

• Signage design

• Users’ experience

• Other design challenges

• Remarks on maintance and management

• Appendix

Conceptual Stage Current Situations Planning Stage Design Stage

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Executive SummaryPedestrian wayfinding systems are designed information elements, such as signs and maps, with the goal of providing the information pedestrians need at locations they need it the most.

City of Chicago is a world-class desti-nation for tourism, and also is home to a diverse and vibrant population. with the city’s current emphasis on improv-ing pedestrian and bicycle infrastruc-ture, improving the information infra-structure of the city becomes crucial.

A pedestrian wayfinding system for Chicago can benefit the city in nu-merous ways besides improving the pedestrian experience. By having a better knowledge of the city, tourists and residents are encouraged to ex-plore different parts of the city and take advantage of Chicago’s full po-tential. Economic prosperity , healthi-er lifestyles, and less traffic congestion, are only few of the benefits of having a robust wayfinding system.

• The goal of this document is to pro-vide a guideline and framework for future wayfinding and signage projects in the city of Chicago.

this plan goes through by first explain-ing some basic concepts about way-finding and what current chicago policies support wayfinding.

Then a planning process is designed by researching current chicago poli-cies, other wayfinding plans from cit-ies of simillar scale to chicago in the world, and wayfinding literature.

After creating a conceptual frame-work for this document, a study of the current situations in Chicago that sup-port wayfinding is done. This part pro-vides some key findings :

• Tourists, senior citizens, students, and persons with disabilities are some of the major populations in need of wayfinding.

• Some neighborhoods in Chica-go might need wayfinding with a second language besindes English.

• There is no wayfinding system currently in place that focuses on varying needs of pedestrains.

• The Transit Friendly Development study done by City of Chicago pro-vides guidance on different char-acteristics of Chicago neighbor-hoods.

• Some areas in Chicago have special wayinding needs such as university campuses and the Loop.

Based on the findings of current situ-ations study, and best practices from various wayfinding plans throughout the world. A set of Goals, Objectives, and Strategies are identified. Some of the main wayfinding goals are:

• Encourage walking as opposed to driving

• Create and promote options for a healthier lifestyle for residents

• Encourage exploration of all of Chicago’s assets

• Increase public transit ridership• Emphasize on different char-

acteristics of Chicago’s neighbor-hoods

Objectives and Strategies are guide-lines to help future wayfinding proj-ects achieve the defined goals.

Three levels of priorities are then de-fined for different neighborhoods in Chicago based on how much they need wayfinding.

• High priority for neighborhoods that need immediate wayfinding plans

• Medium priority for neighbor-hoods that will need need wayfin-ding with future developments.

• Low priority for neighborhoods that are mainly residential and do not create a lot of pedestrian traffic

At the next stage, a Schematic flow of information diagram is designed, To help designers create wayfinding sig-nage that can achieve all the goals in this plan.

Based on the diagram, Two prototype signs for UIC and Loop are designed to demonstrate how information can be designs based on the flow of infor-mation.

The signs include different elements:

• Unique branding for the signage• Information about the user’s cur-

rent location• directional information to major

destinations in the area• Information on the wherabouts

of different neighborhoods around the user

• A 15 minute walk neighborhood map with information about some of the major destinations

• A 5 minute walk area map that shows details about destinaions, transit choices, and streets.

• Sources for more information

ConceptualStage

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Conceptual stage

What is a Pedestrian Wayfinding System?

What Does a Pedestrian Wayfinding System Offer?

What are the Benefits of a Wayfind-ing System?

A wayfinding system offers informa-tion about the surrounding area, im-portant destinations, best routes, Tran-sit stations, Travel time; it’s a unified system of elements that will answer most of questions a pedestrian might ask during a trip. These questions can be asked in through different stages of a way find-ing process. This process can be cate-gorized in three groups:

-Decision making:

Decision making is the beginning of a trip, where a pedestrian decides to do an activity or go to a certain des-tination

A wayfinding system does more than just connect to different points in the city. It orients pedestrians and im-proves their walking experience. It helps to identify and connect places. It simulates economic growth with in-creasing number of people walking by businesses. It encourages explora-tion and discovery. It promotes walk-ing and can impact the public health of residents. It can reduce reliance on automobiles and promote using pub-lic transit and walking. A wayfinding system is more than just answering questions. A well-de-signed sign can seamlessly transfer information to the pedestrian and by connecting people to place; it can create a sense of place. By introduc-ing unknown places and areas to us-ers; signs become a great addition to users’ sources of information such as smart phones and physical maps of the area. By locating information where the user needs it and easily transferring it, the user gains more time to pay attention to all the elements in the environment.

City of Chicago is trying to promote walking as an important mode of transportation. In order to achieve this goal, various factors such as safety and accessibility need to be consid-ered. One of most important but un-derlooked factors for improving the pedestrian experience is information. How people can find out where to go and how to get there. Pedestrians use various elements in the environ-ment to get the information needed to make the trip. A pedestrian wayfinding system is a purposeful and planned set of ele-ments in the environment, that helps pedestrians orient themselves, and to know where they are, how they can move around, how to get to their des-tinations, and which mode is suitable for their trip.

-Wayfinding:

Wayfinding is the process of getting to the desired destination(s). Travel mode is also decided at this stage. The quality of this step has major ef-fects on a pedestrian’s walking expe-rience.

-Locating the destination:

This is the conclusion of a pedestrian trip and where the pedestrian suc-cessfully locates the destination. This step plays a major role in a pedestri-an’s experience and satisfaction.

? Figure 1 Simple wayfinding questions

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Conceptual stage

Wayfinding step What can the proposed system do?

Decision making

Show major destinations in the area

Show major activities in the area

Wayfinding

Show approximate time to get to the

destination

Show the best route to the destination

Show available modes of travel

Finding the destination

Show the Naming of major urban spaces

Show the Important landmarks

Table 1 Different steps in a wayfinding process Why Does Chicago need a Wayfin-ding Plan?

City of Chicago is one of the ma-jor destinations in the United States. Chicago already has a great transit system and a great number of world famous attractions. Chicago already has a set of plans in place that em-phasize the importance of increasing the pedestrian share. Chicago Pedestrian Plan, Chicago Cultural Plan, And GoTo 2040 all in-clude sections that focus on connec-tivity, place making, public health, and improving pedestrian access to transit. A unified wayfinidng system; other than offering all those benefits can help City of Chicago utilize all of it tourism assets.

Chicago PedestrianPlan

Create Accesibile Pedestrian Signs

Eliminate Gaps and Barriers in the Network

Establish Policies thatPrioritize Pedestrian Access

Improve PedestrianConnection to Transit

Access for Persons with Disabilities

Coordinate with the RTA’sInteragency Signage Program

Improve Digital Waynding

Inegrate Art into Pedestrian Spaces

Improve pedestrian share in City of Chciago

Chicago Cultural Plan

Link Neighborhoodsto Each other

Develop a ComprehensiveCultural Tourism Plan

Some Chicago Policies that are Related with Waynding

Figure 2 Wayfinding Policies in ChicagoSources : Chicago Pedestrian Plan , Chicago Cultural Plan

Wayfinding in Chicago

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Conceptual stage

What Goes into a Wayfinding Sys-tem?

Different Categories of SignageHow Does this Plan go through ?

After identifying the benefits of a way-finding system and the current status of Chicago. Different signage ele-ments, their purpose, and the way-to create them can be determined. Signage with maps and directions, handout maps, information booths, mobile apps are some of the possible elements of a wayfinding system.

The wayfinding plan for Chicago tries to create a unified wayfinding sys-tem for Chicago. In order to achieve this goal, three cases of successful wayfinding plans have been studied. These three plans are Legible London, Toronto 360, and downtown Austin wayfinding plan. In order to create a robust planning process, different ac-tions and steps taken by each plan has been identified and categorized into four stages. Then by comparing those actions with Chicago’s exist-ing policies and plans, an optimized planning process that fits the context of Chicago has been created.

The four main stages of this plan are: Conceptual stage, understanding current situations, planning stage, design stage, and implementation. Figure (3) Shows the details of the current plan’s process.

Most wayfinding systems can be cat-egorized into several groups of sig-nage:

-Identification Signs:

This type often provides the name and function of a place, and acts as the means to show entrance and/or transition to a new location.

-Directional Signs:

This type helps to circulate and direct the users towards their destination, It gives them the necessary information to get to major destination in any in-terior or exterior space that needs it.Orientation Signs: This type helps to user to better understand a compli-cated space and its contents. Dia-grams, Maps, and directories are the most common elements used in ori-

entation signs.

-Regulatory Signs:

Describes the regulations that a place has in order to function better, such as “no smoking” and “no cars allowed”1.

1 Wayfinding Handbook : Information De-sign for Public PlacesGibson, David , Princeton Architectural press, 2009

Figure 3 Plan process

UnderstandingCurrentSituations

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Current SituationsWho Walks in Chicago ? and How

that affects wayfinding.

Population, Race, Ethnicitiy, and Language

A successful wayfinding system should pay attention to the users. Users are the audience of a wayfinding system who might have different needs and goals and different cognitive abilities. To create an effective system, it is of outmost importance to pay attention to cultural diversities, disabilities, age, ,tourism, and special activities.

Chicago is one of United States’ larg-est cities with an estimated popula-tion of 2.7 million. The diverse popula-tion of Chicago consists of 45 percent white, 32 percent African American, and 28 percent Hispanic or Latino.

• It’s important to create a wayfind-ing system that can connect to all major cultures in Chicago

Spanish is the second most spoken language in Chicago, 24% of the pop-ulation speak Spanish. 43 percent of Spanish speaking population speaks English less than very well. Overall, 16 percent of the Chicago population speaks English less than very well1.

• As a wayfinding system needs to connect to the majority of the pop-ulation, it’s important to consider the areas that Spanish language is spoken in majority.

1 ACS 5 year estimates 2012 - Chicago quick facts

Way-findingFOR EVERY-ONE

Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping,Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, and the GIS User Community

American Community Survey 5 year estimates 2011

Race Majority

Majority more than 50 percentAfrican American

Asian

Hispanic

Other

White ¯Figure 4 Race and Ethnicity majority in Chicago

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Current SituationsCurrent Situations

Age and DisabilitiesAge and Disabilities Tourism

Chicago has an estimate of 288,000 persons of 65 years and older. 11 percent of the Chicago popula-tion is considered to be persons with disabilities. out of the 5 years and older population , 9.5 percent have visions or ambulatory difficulties1.

• It is important to create a wayfind-ing system that can be used by all population

• Accessibility for the aging popu-lation and persons with disabilities should be a priority

1 ACS 5 year estimates 2012 - Chicago quick facts

5 to 17 18 to 64 65 and

older Total

420,714 1,793,318 288,212 2,502,244

3,816 30,914

29,433

64,163

Ambulatory

4,719 85,022

88,245

177,986

Chicago is a major tourist attraction in the United States. In 2012, an estimate of 46 million people has visited Chicago . Helping tourists by showing the paths they can take to their desired destina-tions, and other tourist attractions in the area can give them a much better experience of the city and it can lead to an increase in visitors1.

• It is important to emphasize on the places that attract tourists through-out the year and promote explora-tion and walking towards Chicago’s great assets and tourism attractions.

1 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/06/chicago-tourism-numbers_n_3880514.html

ChicagoTheater

RelianceBuilding

BrooksBuilding

35 EastWackerBuilding

RoanokeBuilding

and Tower

New York LifeBuilding

FisherBuild ing

AuditoriumBuilding

PalmerHouseHotel

MarquetteBuilding

DaleyCenter

Marshall Fieldand Company

Building

Chicago Boardof TradeBuilding

Harris andSelwyn

Theaters

Carson PirieScott & Company

Building

CityHall-County

Building

300 WestAdams StreetOffice Building

OldColonyBuild ing

SteubenClub

Building

One NorthLaSalleBuilding

RookeryBuilding

JewelersBuilding

PittsfieldBuilding

HeyworthBuilding

Continental AndCommercial National

Bank Building

Chapin andGore Building

InlandSteel

Building

FieldBuilding

Leiter IIBuilding

GageGroup

Esri, HERE, DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and theGIS user community

Landmarks

Figure 5 Landmarks in Chicago Data source : http://Data.cityofchicago.org

Table 2 Disabilities by age in ChicagoSource : ACS 5 year estimates 2012 - Disabilities by age

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Special service areas

City of Chicago has a public transpor-tation system that operate in neigh-borhoods with various characteris-tics. City of Chicago’s transit friendly development (TFD) study, has stud-ied activities and land uses around all CTA rail stations and created a ty-pology for each station, these typol-ogies (As defined by the TFD study) can be used to determine types and priorities for Chicago’s wayfinding :

-Downtown Core:

Station areas in the Loop and the other highest desnsity areas of Chi-cago’s central business district. This type encompasses the primary cul-tural center as well as the highest in-tensity of employment areas of the metropolitan area.

Major Activity Center:

Station areas servicing a relatively wide range of densities, urban forms, and land uses. These areas are out-side Chicago’s downtown core and provide high levels of employment, especially in the retail sector, and can include special uses like universi-ty campuses and mixed-use centers.

-Local Activity Center: Station areas that exist in the cen-ters of identifiable neighborhoods.

These centers have a mixture of high-er intensity land uses and are notice-ably denser than the neighborhoods that surround them providing a mix of employment in retail, service, and oth-er sectors. Some of these centers will have civic and community uses, but this is not a defining characteristic of these areas.

-Dense Urban Neighborhood:

Station areas that are primarily resi-dential in character but will have some limited neighborhood supporting retail uses in scale with the surrounding area and clustered near the station. These areas are generally at higher densities with primarily multifamily buildings and high-rise buildings.

-Urban Neighborhood:

Station areas in well-established, pri-marily residential neighborhoods where retail development exists pri-marily to support the immediate area. The urban neighborhoods are often a mix of multifamily buildings

-Service Employment District:

Areas around stations in the service employment district are dominated by large employers in multistory office buildings, as well as hospitals and uni-versity facilities. Retail and residential uses may be located nearby but ac-tivity is driven by service employment.

Current Situations

DOUGLAS

GRANDBOULEVARD

KENWOOD

LINCOLNSQUARE

WASHINGTONPARK

HYDEPARK

WOODLAWN

ROGERSPARK

JEFFERSONPARK

FORESTGLEN NORTH

PARK

ALBANYPARK

PORTAGEPARK

IRVINGPARK

DUNNING

BELMONTCRAGIN

WESTRIDGE

HERMOSA

AVONDALE

LOGANSQUARE

HUMBOLDTPARK

WESTTOWN

AUSTIN

WESTGARFIELD

PARK

EASTGARFIELD

PARKNEARWESTSIDE

NORTHLAWNDALE

UPTOWN

SOUTHLAWNDALE

LOWERWESTSIDE

NEARSOUTH

SIDE

NORWOODPARK

NEARNORTH

SIDE

LOOP

SOUTHSHORE

CHATHAMAVALON

PARK

SOUTHCHICAGO

CALUMETHEIGHTS

ROSELAND

NORTHCENTER

PULLMAN

SOUTHDEERING

EASTSIDE

WESTPULLMAN

RIVERDALEHEGEWISCH

GARFIELDRIDGE

ARCHERHEIGHTS

BRIGHTONPARK

MCKINLEYPARK

LAKEVIEW

BRIDGEPORT

NEW CITY

WESTELSDON

GAGEPARK

CLEARINGWESTLAWN

CHICAGOLAWN

WESTENGLEWOOD

ENGLEWOOD

GREATERGRAND

CROSSING

LINCOLNPARK

ASHBURN AUBURNGRESHAM

BEVERLY

WASHINGTONHEIGHTS

MOUNTGREENWOOD

MORGANPARK

OHAREEDGEWATER

EDISONPARK

Copyright: ©2014 Esri, DeLorme, HERE

CTA RailStationsStation Typology

Not in Chicago

Downtown Core

Dense Neighborhood

Local Center

Major Center

Manufacturing District

Special District

Urban Neighborhood

Source : City of Chicago Transit Friendly Development Plan

Figure 6 Station typology as defined by Chicago TFD study

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Pedestrian Flow andDecision Points

Current Situations

Various methods can be used to un-derstand pedestrian flows and be-haviors in urban areas. Pedestrian count, Space syntax, Agent based models, business density, and public transit ridership data are few of the methods used to determine these behaviors. Flows studies can be done with very fine details or can be gen-eral and at larger scales.Decision points are locations where pedestrians are more likely to make a decision to choose a path or change a path towards a destination. Deci-sion points can also be identified through various methods, but are mostly at the street level and are needed when locating the exact lo-cations for signage.In this document, CTA ridership data, Divvy ridership data, and business densities have been used to study pedestrian flows and decision points at different neighborhoods in Chica-go.

-CTA ridership:

CTA ridership counts show the flow of pedestrians into rail stations. This, as well as the CTA typology study, can be used to determine the areas that are most in need of wayfinding.

-Divvy ridesrship:

Divvy is a bike sharing system in Chi-cago. ridership data available from Divvy shows flow of bike riders to and from divvy stations. This can be used to determine the intensity of pedestri-an flow with a finer detail.

-Business density:

by using business licenses data from city of Chicago, routes with a higher density of businesses that create pe-destrian traffic have been mapped. This can be used to determine what routes from entry points such as CTA stations to businesses are more likely to have pedestrian traffic. Figures (7), (8), and (9) show the results of these studies.

These studies show general behaviors of pedestrians in Chicago. Every way-finding project needs to have a better understanding of flows and decision points.

Figure 7 CTA average monthly ridership in 2012 data Source : http://Data.cityofChicago.org

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Current Situations

Millennium parkStreeter Dr & Illinois St

Lake shore Dr & Monroe St

Michigan Ave & Oak St

Clinton St & Washington Blvd

35000

66

W I

rvin

g P

ark

Rd

W D

ive

rse

y P

ky

W N

ort

h A

ve

W G

ran

d A

ve

W R

oo

seve

lt R

d

W C

erm

ak

Rd

W 3

5th

Ave

W 4

7th

St

W 5

9th

St

W B

erw

yn A

ve

198000

128

Total Traffic By Station

Total Traffic PerSquare mile by Neighborhood

LoopNear NorthSide

Lincoln Park

Near SouthSide

Near WestSide

Lake View West Town

UpTownDouglasLogan Square

Lower WestSide

Hyde ParkNorth CenterArmour Square

Lincoln Square KenwoodBridgeportGrand Boulevard

EdgewaterWashington ParkSouth Lawndale

Top 5 Neighborhoods( Trips per SqMile )

Loop : 198268 Near North Side : 128674

Lincoln Park : 57529

Near South Side : 43837

Near West Side : 40624

Figure 8 Divvy ridership intensity in Chicago neighborhoodsdata Source : https://www.divvybikes.com/datachallenge

Figure 9 Normalized business density in Chicago Loopdata source : http://data.cityofchicago.org

Copyright: ©2014 Esri, DeLorme, HERE, Esri, HERE, DeLorme, MapmyIndia, ©OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS user community

Normalized Business Density0.000000

0.000001 - 1.047619

1.047620 - 1.158730

1.158731 - 1.380952

1.380953 - 2.000000

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Current Situations

Existing wayfinding and signage systems in Chicago

Major wayfinding systemsin Chicago region

Studying the current wayfinding ele-ments in the city helps to undersands the gaps and problems in Chicago’s wayfinding and design an optimized system that takes advantage of ev-ery existing asset.The existing wayfidning elements in City of Chicago can be categorized in two groups, Major city wide and regional wayfinding systems, and lo-cal interior and exterior wayfinding. In this section these different elements will be analyzed and some gaps and problems will be identified. 1

1 Credit of all the pictures at this sec-tion goes to RTA, Pictures are taken by Alireza Karduni.

There are several agencies that in-clude wayfinding elements as parts of their service throughout the Chi-cago region. Each of these agen-cies have different purposes and are applied in different areas. Chicago Transit Authority (CTA), Metra, Pace, Divvy, and Regional Transportation Authority (RTA) each have their own wayfinding system.

-CTA

The Chicago Transit Authority oper-ates buses and trains in the city of

Chicago, it offers a consistent system of wayfinding signage throughout its operating area. There are different types of information available inside CTA bus stops and train stations, as well as the interior of trains and bus-es. The CTA signage acts as an iden-tifier for CTA elements, it also offers information regarding the operating hours and area of each certain bus or train. CTA also installs maps of the whole CTA system in Chicago in most bus stops and train stations. Also, di-agrams showing each bus route and train are installed mostly inside CTA Stations and bus stops.

Analysis:

CTA signage is mainly installed inside or at immediate surroundings of CTA stations and bus stops. It offers a con-sistent stream of information regard-ing routes and services of CTA. It uses standardized color that makes the signage identifiable. On the other hand, there is very a very minimal ef-fort to introduce the surrounding ar-eas to pedestrians. Also there is very little effort made for transfer passen-gers that have to transfer from one mode to another through the streets.

-Metra and Pace

Metra and pace are two different organizations managing regional train and bus services in the Chicago

metropolitan area. Metra offers time-tables and directional signs inside its platforms and boarding areas. Pace offers signage at pace bus stops that offer similar information to CTA bus stops. Due to the complexity of pace routes, most of the signs do not offer diagrams of the routes.

Analysis:

Metra and Pace offer standard direc-tional signs and identification signs in their locations but the sign locations and the information offered is less consistent and useful than CTA’s. There is also very little signage provided for transfer pas-sengers between different modes.

Figure 11 CTA station entrance at Har-old washington Library

Figure 10 CTA bus stop sign at congress and Financial pl

Figure 12 Metra signage at Oakpark station, Village of Oak Park

Figure 13 Pace signage at Harlem and Lake, Village of Oak park

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Current Situations-Divvy bikes

Divvy is Chicago’s new bike sharing system. It has more than 200 loca-tions though out city of Chicago with an automated system for renting and returning bicycles. As part of their sys-tem, they offer wayfinding signage at each of their bike docks. The signs consist of information about the loca-tion of the station, Divvy usage costs and regulations , and also two differ-ent maps showing locations of other divvy bike stations, in a 5 minute walk and a 20 minute biking radius. Infor-mation about Bike lanes, locations of other modes of public transit, and some destination information are of-fered in Divvy’s signage system.

Analysis:

Divvy’s signage is a consistent uni-fied system that offers a range of information in a singular format. It is designed to help bike users to get around easier by showing the street layout and some information about the surrounding environment. A downside to Divvy’s signage sys-tem is that all the signs face the bike docking stations and are blocked by bikes. The other side is used as space for advertising and the locations are not very accessible to pedestrian traffic.

Figure 14 Divvy station at Racine Ave and Con-greess Pkwy

-RTA’s Interagency Transfer Passenger Information Design

RTA acts as a managing organization for Metropolitan Chicago’s bus and rail systems and works with Metra, Pace, and CTA to offer a better overall re-gional transit system to passengers in Chicago region.As part of their goal of offering a bet-ter public transit system for current us-ers and improving the ridership of Chi-cago’s transit system, RTA, created a wayfinding system specifically for pas-sengers transferring from one mode to another and from one agency to an-other. Through stages of programming, design, implementation, and mainte-nance, As to date 4 transfer locations have been designed and 20 more lo-cations are in planning and implemen-tation process. ITPID is the only major wayfinding project in currently being implemented in Chicago.

General Principles of ITPID:

-Simplicity and Clarity of messages-usage of international standard sym-bols-providing information at key decision points-provide information along the acces-sible path-avoid placement of signage and dan-gerous or confusing signage.

ITPID uses standardized colors, fonts,

and symbols in order to have a unified and consistent system at all transfer lo-cations in the chicacgo transit system.

Types of SignsITPID uses a trip process through start, transform and end of the trip to create signage information and sign types. Identification signs, Boarding signs, Time signage, Route diagram signage, directional signs, and identity maps and downtown maps are the different signage elements used in ITPID. These different sign types are also catego-rized by the way they are installed. Examples are wall mounted or free standing.

Analysis:

ITPID tries to give clear and useful in-formation to users of Chicago’s pub-lic transit system. The signage system is installed in the areas in Chicago re-gion where there is mode and agen-cy transfer. The signage is regularly updated and it offers a vast range of information on directional signs, maps, identifiers, diagrams, and timetables.

ITPID has a very specific audience and may not be as useful to pedestri-ans that move around with different purposes. Sign locations are based on analysis of decision points for transfer passengers. RTA’s system map that is used by CTA and Metra too is a rep-resentation of every bus and rail route that goes through Chicago and takes

Page 30 Page 31

a long time to study and learn about the environment. The directional signs guide the users to other transit loca-tions and there are maps designed for each location to show some of the ac-tivities around a transit location.

Throughout the city, numerous plac-es such as Millennium Park, museum campus, University of Illinois at Chi-cago, and University of Chicago, use signage and wayfinding elements. Majority of signage of this type is di-rectional while some offer maps and orientation signage. As they are

mostly not sophisticated wayfinding programs the information could be out of date and not very useful.

City of Chicago has a few major agen-cies that create wayfinding elements for the city, and based on what’s need-ed numerous places and organization create and offer their own wayfinding elements. This creates an inconsistent system of signage that might not be trusted as a useful source of informa-tion. Chicago is a major world class tourist destination. It is a home to various es-teemed universities. It is a hub to nu-merous industries, and it is a home to a diverse population. A consistent and clear wayfinding sys-tem throughout the city can help pe-destrians with very different purposes move around and bring many benefits such as economic growth, less con-gestion, and healthier lives for chica-go’s residents.

Current Situations

Figure 15 ITPID directional Signage at Vanbu-ren Metra Station

Figure 16 ITPID diagrams and orientational signage at vanburen metra station

Local Signage in Chicago

Remarks on Chicago’s wayfinding systems

Figure 17 Orientation sign at Museum Campus

Table 3 Summary of wayfinding services in Chicago

Figure 18 Directional sign at Village of Oak Park

Signage

source

Types of Signs Users Usage area

CTA al, Regulatory,

CTA users

METRA and

Pace

Regulatory,

Metra and Pace users

DIVVY

regulatory

DIVVY users

RTA

Public transit users

agencies

Other

PlanningStage

Page 34 Page 35

Planning StageCurrent Policy trends in Chicago and other cities of similar scale in the world such as Toronto, New York, and London show that improving the pe-destrian experience should be highly prioritized.

Creating urban environments that are legible and easy to navigate with should be at the center of these trends. Wayfinding systems are one of the methods to help pedestrians experience the full potential of cities like Chicago.

Creating a planning and design pro-cess that streamlines designing a functional wayfinding system is at the core of this document. At this stage; goals, objectives, and strategies needed to create Chicago’s way-finding system are identified through studying and comparing best prac-tices that are being implemented throughout major cities in the world.

Goals, objectives, and strategies mentioned in this document are gathered through studying wayfind-ing plans from London, Toronto, and Austin. Each of the planning docu-ments have been broken down into different categories and then com-pared to Chicago’s situations and existing policies (see appendix 1).

At the end of this section, Chicago’s neighborhoods are broken down into three priority areas. These priori-

ties are a result of the studies done in the current situation’s section.

It is important to mention that this plan document does not aim to design a complete wayfinding system for the city of Chicago. The main goal of this document is to create a baseline and guide for further projects in the city and emphasize on the impor-tance of wayfinding systems.

Each new project should be de-signed based on the needs and de-tail situations of the stakeholders of the area. However, in order to have a consistent city wide wayfinding sys-tem, further projects should base their planning process on policies created through this document.

Wayfinding Goals

Encourage Walking Improve Tourists’ Experience of Chicago

Create and promote optionsfor a healthier lifestyle

Improve pedestrian accessto Chicago’s Businesses

Encourage exploration of allof Chicago’s assets

promote usage ofpublic transit

Reduce car dependencyand congestion

help to activate chicago’s minoritiesand Persons with disabilities

Emphasize on diversities ofdifferent communities in Chicago

Emphasize on users’ local wayfindingneeds

Page 36 Page 37

Planning Stage

Wayfinding objectives

Highlight key attractions andmajor destinations

Orient users towards public transit locations

Highlight characteristicsof different communities

Integrate a range of navigation tools

Highlight the benefitsof walking

take advantage of existing wayfinding elements

Use second language for neighborhoodswith non-english speaker population

Incorporate accessiblity methodsfor persons with disabilities

Emphasize on users local wayfindingneeds

Create a unified and recognizablewayfinding system

Wayfinding strategies

Create unified branding

Create a sense of travel time and scale

Identifiy Major destinations and tourist attractions

Prioritize wayfinding for places that lack it the most

Integrate different wayfinding elements into the system

Introduce Chicago’s different communities to the users

Design the flow of information for

each project

wayfinding elements in Chicago should use a single branding to help users trust and know their source for information through-out the city.

Signage should include walking time in dif-ferent scales so the users can decide their preferred travel mode with confidence. This can be integrated into the orientation maps

Start wayfinding projects for areas that ei-ther don’t have a useful wayfinding system, or have one that is not very functional.

Each urban space has different wayfinding needs, Based on the physical attributes of the space, the type of information, and the type and size of signage should be decid-ed

For each wayfinding project, design a hierar-chy of information that fits the needs of the area and the pedestrians walking there. This means that each neighborhood can have varying types and flows of information.

Identify different tourist attractions in down-town and emphasize on other tourist at-tractions that are underutilized. If there is a special service such as a university or a hospital, direct users towards major and im-portant destinations of that activity

Signage elements should include maps that show the immediate surroundings of the user and also maps that show other neighborhoods and activities in a bigger scale

Page 38 Page 39

Planning Stage

Priorities

It is important to note that it is very difficult to implement a citywide wayfinding system due to costs of planning, design, and implemen-tation. The best way to implement a wayfinding system for Chicago is by prioritizing different areas based on different attributes such as den-sity, tourist attractions, TFD studies, etc. Three levels of priority have been identified for Chicago’s neighbor-hoods as a guideline for further wayfinding projects. Each wayfin-ding project needs a separate fea-sibility study and design process in order to guarantee usefulness and efficiency of the system.

-High Priority

Areas identified as high priority are majorly around important and dense nodes in the city, are well served by public transit, and cre-ate higher pedestrian traffic.

-Medium Priority

Areas identified as medium priori-ty are around major activity nodes and create high pedestrian traffic.

-Low Priority

The majority of these areas have a dominant residential use and do not create much pedestrian traffic.

The different priorities are based on Chicago Neighborhoods. It is possi-ble for certain places inside low pri-ority zones to have a high need for a pedestrian wayfinding system. Iden-tifying those areas is a complicated task and needs a seprate study pro-cess.

These priority zones do not imply that every location inside a high priority zone needs wayfinding elements. Further projects for each locations needs to identify smaller areas that are have a higher need for signage.

GrandBoulevard

UnitedCenter

HumboldtPark

GarfieldPark

NorthLawndale

LittleVillage

AvalonPark

Burnside

CalumetHeights

Pullman

RiverdaleHegewisch

Douglas

Oakland

Woodlawn

PortagePark

Hermosa

AvondaleLoganSquare

Little Italy,UIC

Kenwood

RogersPark

JeffersonPark

Sauganash,ForestGlen North

ParkAlbanyPark

IrvingParkDunning

WestRidge

Uptown

NorwoodPark

SouthShore

Chatham SouthChicago

Roseland

NorthCenter

SouthDeering

EastSide

WestPullman

Garfield Ridge

New City

EnglewoodGrand

CrossingAshburn

MountGreenwood Morgan

Park

O'Hare

JacksonPark

Loop

Edgewater

Lake ViewLincoln

Park

LincolnSquare

WashingtonPark

NearSouthSide

ChicagoLawn

AuburnGresham

Beverly

WashingtonHeights

EdisonPark

HydePark

WestLoop

Bucktown

LowerWestSide

ArcherHeights

BrightonPark

MckinleyPark

Bridgeport

WestElsdon

GagePark

Clearing WestLawn

EastVillage

West Town

WickerPark

Galewood

Montclare BelmontCragin

AustinUkrainian

Village

OldTown

RiverNorth

¯High Priority

Medium Priority

Low Priority

Figure 18 priority map for city of Chicago

DesignStage

Page 42 Page 43

Design Stage At this step, important implementa-tion factors for creating a successful wayfinding system will be introduced. Details on maintenance and imple-mentations are to be put into each individual project that is derived from this document.

Information flow in Chicago’s wayfin-ding system should follow these rules.

• Elements should include answers to typical questions asked a pedestri-an trip:

-Where am I?- Where is my destination?-What is around me?-I need more information.

• They should also be identifiable and clearly show the purpose of the sign.

• The information should be present-ed to the users based on their needs and have more details as users get closer to signage

• information should be designed in a way that is readable for various groups of people.

• Due to limited space, not all avail-able information can be presented

The following diagram shows a sche-matic diagram for flow of information in Chicago’s wayfinding system.

Flow of information

Chicago’s wayfinding system branding

Neighborhood’s Name

Locations name or address

15 minute walk map

5 minute walk map

Info

Walking message

Direction arrows to majordestinations

(Number based on the size of sign)

What is this?

Flow of information Purpose

I want to knowmore

What is around

me?

Where ismy destination?

Wheream I?

Figure 19 Information flow

The planning stage of this document is a guide for designing a system that incorporates various elements such as directional information and maps into a powerful pedestrian wayfinding sys-tem for Chicago. This stage creates guidelines and pro-totypes for designing signage that fol-low the wayfinding strategies identi-fied in this document. The design stage consists of three steps :

-Flow of information:

at this step, a schematic flow of infor-mation to the users of the wayfinding system is designed that will be used to create effective signage.

-Sign design prototypes:

at this step, two demonstration loca-tions for signage are identified with different major users. One sign is de-signed for UIC with major attention to student users, and one sign is designed for Chicago Loop with tourists as a ma-jor audience. These two locations are used to demonstrate how the informa-tion flow can be put into signage and how different audiences effect the information presented in a sign. Oth-er design chalngs not included in this document are mentioned at the end of this step.

-Remarks on maintenance and imple-mentation:

Page 44 Page 45

Design Stage

Sign Design

Identifier Section

Location section Neighborhood Map

Directional Section

Each sign consists of different ele-ments that are designed based on the schematic information flow diagram. At this section, each element is bro-ken down and each element’s usage and purpose is explained. At the end of this section, two prototype designs for UIC and Downtown Chicago will be shown.

The identifier section is located at the top of a sign. A light blue color is used that is similar to other City of Chicago projects and Chicago’s flag. Also, a logo has been designed that is easi-ly identifiable and shows the purpose of the sign from approximately 40 feet away for people with good vision.

The logo design used design elements similar to other projects managed by the city such as Divvy and Ventra. This helps to give a sense of familiarity and attraction to the sign.

The location section is designed below the identifier section and shows the neighborhood of the sign and also a more detailed location of the sign. The information is designed in a way to be easily readable for people with good vision from 12 feet away and for par-tially sighted persons from 2 feet away.

Neighborhood map gives a general view of the area to the user. It’s goal is to show the neighborhood structure of the surroundings, some of the most im-portant destinations, and major tran-sit stations. A 15 minute walking radius give’s a sense of scale to the user and helps him decide what type of mode he wants to use to get to his destina-tion.

The directional section guides the us-ers to the most important destinations around the sign. The directions are de-cided based on the proximity and also the importance of a destination.This information is also readable from 12 feet and 2 feet for persons with good vision and partially sighted per-sons.

1

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UIC-East CampusSchool of Architecture

Student Center East

University Hall

Student Residenceand Commons east

UIC-Richard J. DaleyLibraryBehavioral Sciences Building

Jane AddamsHull-house Museum

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Clark/Lake

Jackson/Dearborn

Washington/WellsWashington/State

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Quincy/Wells

Racine

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Morgan

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UICLibrary

UniversityHall

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University of Illinois at Chicago

Little ItalyUniversity Village

Greek Town

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East Campus

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5 minute walk

CTA Train Station(Color Corresponds with Line) Your Location

(Arow shows your facing direction)

Neighborhoods close to you

CTA line (Color Corresponds with Line)

Multiple CTA lines

CTA Bus Stop

Divvy Station

Important Destination

Pedestrian Path or Sidewalk

Automobile path

Neighbor-hood

Legend

Neighborhood Map

Area Map

More Information:

Transit Services: CTA Train Tracker Appwww.goroo.com

UIC Information:www.uic.edu

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Student Center East

University Hall




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Multiple CTA lines

CTA Bus Stop

Divvy Station



Automobile path

Neighbor-hood

Legend

Neighborhood Map

Area Map

More Information:



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Student Center East

University Hall




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5 minute walk





Multiple CTA lines

CTA Bus Stop

Divvy Station



Automobile path

Neighbor-hood

Legend

Neighborhood Map

Area Map

More Information:



Figure 20 Identifier section

Figure 21 Location section

Figure 21 Directional section

15 minute walk

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NC

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HIC

AG

OR

IVE

R

UN

ION

KENNE

DY WA

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ER

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E

Washington/Dearborn

LaSalle/VanBuren



Monroe/State


Clark/Lake

Jackson/Dearborn


Monroe/Dearborn

Quincy/Wells

Racine

Library

Morgan

H A R R I S O N


Pavillion

UICLibrary

UniversityHall

StudentCenter

East

UICForoum



Greek Town

South Campus

East Campus

West Loop

Near SouthSide

Loop

Wes

t Cam

pus

UIC

Med

ical

Cen

ter



Figure 22 Neighborhood Map for UIC

Page 46 Page 47

Area Map Legend and information Sign Dimensions

The area map gives details about the immediate surroundings of the user. It shows most of the major destinations in the area, immediate transit options, and biking options. A 5 minute walk-ing radius helps the user to plan his trip and explore the area.

The legend section of the signage helps the users take full advantage of the neighborhood and area map. This part is crucial to understanding the el-ements in the map and is designed to easily utilize the wayfinding maps.The information section shows the user options to get more details about the area.

Design Stage

RANDOLPH SUB

WA

BAS

H

ORLEANS

WABASH

LOWER

STAT

ELA S

ALL

E

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AN

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RANDOLPH LOWER

MARBLE

HO

LDEN

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Madison/Wabash

Randolph/Wabash

State/Lake

Lake/State

Monroe/State

Clark/Lake

Washington/Wells

Adams/Wabash

Washington/State

Monroe/Dearborn

Haskell-Barker-AtwaterBuildings

Site of theSauganash

Hotel/Wigwam

ChicagoTheater

RelianceBuilding

35 EastWacker

Building

RoanokeBuilding

and Tower


DelawareBuilding

Old DearbornBank Building

PalmerHouseHotel

Lake-FranklinGroup

MarquetteBuilding

DaleyCenter


Building

Carbideand Carbon

Building

MajesticBuilding

and Theater


Building

CityHall-County

Building

300 West AdamsStreet O�ce

Building

Page BrothersBuilding

SteubenClub

Building

One NorthLaSalle

Building

RookeryBuilding

JewelersBuilding

TrusteesSystem Service

Building

Pitts�eldBuilding

HeyworthBuilding


Bank Building

OliverBuilding

Chapinand GoreBuilding

Chicago PublicLibrary/Cultural

Center

WashingtonBlock

InlandSteel

Building

FieldBuilding

GageGroup

ChicagoBuilding

Chicago MotorClub Building

Millennium ParkThe bean

Grant Park

The artInstitute

of Chicago

5 minute walk

Figure 23 Area map for Downtown (Loop)

1

2

3

4

Downtown (Loop)Washington and Dearborn

Chicago River

City Hall

Millennium Park

Richard J. Daley Center

Michigan AvenueGrant Park

Willis Tower

Neighborhood Map

Area Map





Multiple CTA lines

CTA Bus Stop

Divvy Station



Automobile path

Legend

JACKSON

MIC

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RIVERWALK

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CLA

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ATER

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ICAG

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ESH

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NT

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Navy Pier

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Madison/Wabash

State/Lake

Lake/State

Harrison

Clinton-Lake

Grand/Milwaukee

Grand/State

Monroe/State


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Jackson/Dearborn

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Washington/Wells

Adams/Wabash

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Monroe/Dearborn

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Magnificent Mile

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15 minute walk

RANDOLPH SUB

WA

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ORLEANS

WABASH

LOWER

STAT

ELA S

ALL

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MIC

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AN


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RoanokeBuilding

and Tower


DelawareBuilding


PalmerHouseHotel

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DaleyCenter


Building

Carbideand Carbon

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MajesticBuilding

and Theater


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CityHall-County

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Building


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RookeryBuilding

JewelersBuilding


Building

Pitts�eldBuilding

HeyworthBuilding


Bank Building

OliverBuilding



Center

WashingtonBlock

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Grant Park

The artInstitute

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5 minute walk

More Information:


Tourism Informationwww.cityofchicago.orgwww.choosechicago.com/

98.23 in

4.41 in

7.87 in

15.57 in

24.39 in24.61 in

7.15 in

Sign Identifier ( Branding)

Location Identifier

Directional Arrows

Neighborhood Map

Area Map

Legend

Additional Information

1.30 in

Figure 24 Sign dimensions Figure 25 UIC sign

1

2

3

4


Student Center East

University Hall




15 minute walk

WA

CK

ER

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East Campus

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EN

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5 minute walk





Multiple CTA lines

CTA Bus Stop

Divvy Station



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Neighbor-hood

Legend

Neighborhood Map

Area Map

More Information:



Page 48 Page 49

Design Stage

0.90

m

1

2

3

4

Downtown (Loop)Washington and Dearborn

Chicago River

City Hall

Millennium Park

Richard J. Daely Center

Michigan AvenueGrant Park

Willis Tower

Neighborhood Map

Area Map





Multiple CTA lines

CTA Bus Stop

Divvy Station



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Neighbor-hood

Legend

JACKSON

MIC

HIG

ANLO

WER

RIVERWALK

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SON

LO

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WA

BASH

LOW

ER

OR

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S

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ERSO

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OLD

EN

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BAN

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MIE

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ND

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ERAL

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ANC

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ATER

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OR

IVER

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AV

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ESH

OR

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BOR

RIVER

SIDE

LSD WACKER DR

LAKE

FRO

NT

WillisTower

MillinneumPark

Navy Pier

CityHall



Madison/Wabash

State/Lake

Lake/State

Harrison

Clinton-Lake

Grand/Milwaukee

Grand/State

Monroe/State


Clark/Lake

Jackson/Dearborn

MerchandiseMart

Washington/Wells

Adams/Wabash

Jackson/State

Washington/State

Monroe/Dearborn

Quincy/Wells

Library

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UIC

Greek Town

West Loop

Lake Michigan

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Magnificent Mile


15 minute walk

RANDOLPH SUB

WA

BAS

H

ORLEANS

WABASH

LOWER

STAT

ELA S

ALL

E

LAKE

MIC

HIG

AN


FRAN

KLIN

RANDOLPH

MONROE

GAR

LAN

D

WACKER

MADISON

WASHINGTON

HADDOCK

COUCH

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CALHOUN

ARCADE

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ADAMS

RANDOLPH LOWER

MARBLE

HO

LDEN

BEAU

BIEN

POST

Washington/Dearborn

Madison/Wabash

Randolph/Wabash

State/Lake

Lake/State

Monroe/State

Clark/Lake

Washington/Wells

Adams/Wabash

Washington/State

Monroe/Dearborn



Hotel/Wigwam

ChicagoTheater

RelianceBuilding

35 EastWacker

Building

RoanokeBuilding

and Tower


DelawareBuilding


PalmerHouseHotel

Lake-FranklinGroup

MarquetteBuilding

DaleyCenter


Building

Carbideand Carbon

Building

MajesticBuilding

and Theater


Building

CityHall-County

Building


Building


SteubenClub

Building

One NorthLaSalle

Building

RookeryBuilding

JewelersBuilding


Building

Pitts�eldBuilding

HeyworthBuilding


Bank Building

OliverBuilding



Center

WashingtonBlock

InlandSteel

Building

FieldBuilding

GageGroup

ChicagoBuilding



Grant Park

The artInstitute

of Chicago

5 minute walk

More Information:


Tourism Informationwww.cityofchicago.orgwww.choosechicago.com/

What is this ?Where can I getbetter information?

Identi�cationChicago Way�ndingBranding

40 feet

N/A

16 feet

2 feet

4 feet

0.5 feet

2 feet

0.25 feetAverage distances source:Legible London System Architecture

Sign LocationDirectional information

Neighborhood MapArea MapLegendMore info

Information process:

Users’ Experience

Average readingdistance

Good Vision

Partially sighted

Where am i?Where is mydestination?

What is aroundme?Where can I getto closest transit?

What is aroundme?I want to know more.

What is aroundme?I want to know more

Figure 26 Users’ experience

Page 50 Page 51

Design Stage

Figure 27 Sign context in Downtown

Figure 28 Sign context in UIC

Further Design Challenges Implementation and maintenence

Designing a succesful wayfinding sys-tem is a difficult task. It starts by under-standing the purpose of the product. User’s of Chicago’s wayfinding system have diverse needs. Different areas in Chicago might have physical limita-tions and design needs.

• It is important to pay attention to these different aspects and design a flexible system that can be at-tached to various different environ-ments.

• Chicago has a harsh climate, a se-prate study needs to be done on what material can be durable for Chicago

• Information can become obsolete rapidly and a wayfinding system needs to be as up to date as pos-sible. Methods of having a flexible sign design have been used by dif-ferent organization throughout the world and should be a subjet of fur-ther studies.

• Studies done for phyiscial signage can be incorporated into a useful mobile application that can help pedestrians have a etter pedestri-an experience.

• It is important to have a robust par-ticipation process for stakeholders of each project into the informa-tion design and location plan in order to increase the usefulness of the system.

Chicago has a highly complex politi-cal system, each neighborhood could be part of one or multiple wards and Chicago Department of Transporta-tion, Illinois Department of Transpor-tation, Chicago Park Districts, City of Chicago and other agencies might be in charge of areas in need of way-finding.

political complexity makes imple-menting a city-wide wayfinding plan difficult and in need of participation between all the different stakehold-ers. In order for this plan to be succes-ful , further phasing planning needs to be done. A group of planners and designers with diverse backgrounds should be in charge of studying fur-ther implementation challenges.

Maintenence is also a highly import-ant task. Different problems might oc-cur to the signage such as vandalism, wearing off or dicolorization. The plan-ning team should incorporate main-tence maintenance strategies in fur-ther plans.

Appendix

Page 54 Page 55

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Appendix 1

Summary of plan comparison study

Page 56 Page 57

Appendix 2

HALS

TED

EI S

EN

HO

WE

RE

XP

Y

GR

EEN

PEO

RIA

JACKSON

DES

PLA

INE

S

SAN

GA

MO

N

HARRISON

EISENHOWER

DA

NR

YAN

IBE

ISEN

HO

WER

OB

VAN BUREN

JEFF

ER

SON

ABE

RD

EEN

VERNON PARK

POLK

EISENHOW

ER

OBKENNEDY OB

MIL

LERCAR

PE

NTE

R

KENNEDY

OBEI

SEN

HOW

ERO

B

LEXINGTON

ARTHINGTON

TILDEN

CABRINI

GLADYS

MAY

MO

RG

AN

KENN

EDY

CTA

BUS

UIC-Halsted

BSB

UICT

ETMSW

CUPPAHAEH

PAV

UH

SCESRF

HLPS

ADS

SRCW SRCC

SRCS

SRCN

LIB

SELESELW

BHSEO

AH

TH

LCD

LCCLCB

DH

LH

GHSH

HH JH

THEQUADLCE

LCA

LCF

5 minute walk

UIC Area Map Downtown Neighborhood Map

JACKSON

MIC

HIG

ANLO

WER

RIVERWALK

STET

SON

LO

WER

WA

BASH

LOW

ER

OR

LEAN

S

RANDOLPH LOWER

MIC

HIG

AN

ST C

LAIR

SOUTHWATERLOWER

GRAND

CLA

RK

HUBBARD

POST

LAKE

CALHOUN

GAR

VEY

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ILLINOIS

COUCH

COURT

WACKER SUB

WA

BAS

HM

ACCH

ESNE

Y

NORTH WATER LOWER

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FRAN

KLIN

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SH

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KER

RAM

P

DES

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NES

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NTO

N

HARRISON

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JEFF

ERSO

N

PEO

RIA

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GAM

ON

CAR

PEN

TER

MILWAUKEE

KINGSBURY

BALBO

FULTON MARKET

KINZIE

DA

NR

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SED

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ICK

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LLE

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ER

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LER

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MC

CLU

RG

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WATERSIDE

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ION

8TH

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NST

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SHIE

LDS H

OLD

EN

FAIR

BAN

KS

PESH

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MIE

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ND

ERR

OH

E

RIVER

BENTON

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TILDEN

VERNON PARK

ERIE

ONTARIO

HURON

OHIO

FIEL

D

WALNUT

KEN

NED

YM

ADI S

ON

S T

WESTSH

OR

E

LA S

ALL

E

FULTON

FED

ERAL

CAMPBELL

QUINCY

LEXINGTON

FIN

ANC

IAL

MARBLE

GLADYS

GAR

LAN

D

CABRINI

WES

TW

ATER

ACAD

EMY

BEAU

BIEN

CIT

YFRO

NTPL

AZA

PAR

K

CONG

RESS

PLAZ

A

MERCHANDISEMART

ARCADE

LAKE SHO

RE LO

WER


EISENHOWER EXPY

CTA

BU

S

LSD

RANDOLPH

ST

BREA

KWAT

ER A

CCES

S

WACKER LOW

ER

WACKER

KENN

EDY

HAL

STED

MO

RG

AN

GR

EEN

CAN

AL

SBRANCH

CH

ICAG

OR

IVER

LSD

GRAND

AV

KENNEDY

OHIO

FEEDERSTREETER

LAK

ESH

OR

E

HAR

BOR

RIVER

SIDE

LSD WACKER DR

LAKE

FRO

NT

WillisTower

MillinneumPark

Navy Pier

CityHall



Madison/Wabash

State/Lake

Lake/State

Harrison

Clinton-Lake

Grand/Milwaukee

Grand/State

Monroe/State


Clark/Lake

Jackson/Dearborn

MerchandiseMart

Washington/Wells

Adams/Wabash

Jackson/State

Washington/State

Monroe/Dearborn

Quincy/Wells

Library

Morgan

UIC

Greek Town

West Loop

Lake Michigan

River North

Magnificent Mile


Museum Campus

15 minute walk

Page 58 Page 59

Appendix 3

References

• Downton Austin Wayfinding Mas-terplan , City of Austin Texas, 2013

• Legible London - Full Guidance, Transport for London

• Legible London - system architec-ture, Transport for London

• Legible London - The Yellow Book, Transport for London

• Tronoto 360 Wayfinding final report

• Inter-agency Transfer passenger In-formation Design - Standards man-ual, Regional Transportation Au-thority, 2014

• Chicago Cultural Plan, City of Chi-cago, 2012

• Chicago Pedestrian Plan, City of Chicago, 2012

• Transit Friendly development Guide- Station Area Typology study, City of Chicago and CTA

• GoTo 2040 comprehensive region-al plan , CMAP, 2010

• The Wayfinding Handbook: Infor-mation Design for Public Places -David Gibson , 2009

• Signage and Wayfinding Design: A Complete Guide to Creating Envi-ronmental Graphic Design Systems- Chris Calori , 2007

2014Alireza Karduni