ADB, UNCTAD AND ITC

• A.D.B was set up in December 1966 under the auspices of the United Nations -Economic Commission for Asia and Far East (ECAFE).

• To foster the economic development of Asian countries.• Its headquarters are in Manila.• It is also having two dozen offices around the world.• It is a multilateral development finance institution

dedicated to reduce poverty in Asia and the Pacific.• The funds of the ADB are contributed by developed

countries such as Japan, the United States, Canada, West Germany, Australia, and others.

• From 31 members at its establishment in 1966, ADB has grown to encompass 67 members - of which 48 are from within Asia and the Pacific and 19 outside.

ADB (Asian Development Bank)

ADB - Objectives Its main goal is to reduce poverty in Asia and Pacific. It helps to improve the quality of people’s lives by providing

loans and technical assistance for a broad range of development activities.

ADB is a non-profit multilateral development finance institution that engages mostly in public sector lending for development purposes in its developing member countries.

The main objectives of the ADB are:1. To promote investment in the ESCAP (Economic and Social

Commission for Asia and the Pacific) region of public- and private capital for development;

2. To utilize the available resources for financing development, giving priority to those regional, sub-regional, as well as national projects and programs which contribute more effectively to the harmonious economic growth of the region as a whole.

In the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors of the ADB, the President has pointed out that the Bank’s most appropriate response to Asian and Pacific development in future lies in following three board directions:

1. Greater priority must be placed on alleviating poverty and protecting the environment;

2. The Bank must strengthen its assistance to the private sector to improve productivity and efficiency; and

3. The Bank must work with its developing members to create a policy framework that makes the most efficient use of human- and capital resources.

ADB

ADB - Focus ADB continues to carry out activities to promote economic

growth, develop human resources, improve the status of women and protect the environment.

To reduce poverty, ADB emphasises: Promotion of sustainable economic growth Social development Good governance

In support of the above, ADB concentrates on: Protection of the environment Promotion of gender and development Regional cooperation

A major problem which the ADB is facing is the shortage of funds.

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

UNCTAD was established in 1964 as a permanent organ of the United Nations.

It was created as an expression of the belief that a cooperative effort of the international community was required to integrate developing countries successfully into the world.

The conference, which is UNCTAD’s highest decision making body, meets every four years to set priorities and guidelines for the organization.

13 conference sessions have been held so far under the auspices of UNCTAD.

The UNCTAD:

Aims at the development-friendly integration of developing countries into the world economy.

It is a forum for intergovernmental discussions and deliberations, support by discussions with experts an exchanges of experience, aimed at consensus building.

In cooperation with other organizations and donor countries, provides technical assistance to the needs of the developing countries, with special attention being paid to the needs of the least developed countries.

FUNCTIONS :1. To promote international trade with a view to

accelerate economic development.2. To formulate principles of and policies on

international trade and related problems of economic development.

3. To negotiate multinational trade agreements.4. To make proposals for putting its principles and

policies into effects.

1. Every country has the sovereign right to freely dispose of its natural resources in the interest of the economic development and well-being of its own people and to freely trade with other countries;

2. Economic relations among countries, including trade relations, shall be based on respect for the principles of sovereign equality of states, self-determination of people, and noninterference in the internal affairs of other countries; and

3. There shall be no discrimination on the basis of differences in socio-economic systems, and the adoption of various trading methods and trading policies shall be consistent with this principle.

Basic Principles

ITC – International Trade Centre

It is a focal point in the United Nations system for technical cooperation with developing countries in trade promotion.

ITC was created by the GATT in 1964. Since 1968 has been operated jointed by GATT (now

WTO) and the United Nations, later acting through the UNCTAD.

ITC assists ITC assists the developing countries by working with

them in: Developing a national trade promotion strategy,

including analysing export potential, choosing priority markets and export targets.

Establishing appropriate government institutions and services, such as a central trade promotion organization and services for exporters in trade information, export financing, export costing and pricing.

Finding market opportunities for current export products.

Training government trade officials, businessmen and instructors in export marketing and trade promotion.