Lower permian Radiolaria from the pos blau area, Ulu Kelantan, Malaysia

Lower Permian Radiolaria from the Pos Blau area, Ulu Kelantan, Malaysia

Basir Jasin and Che Aziz Ali Departnlent of Geolog!. Universiti Kcbangsaan MalayG. 43600 UKM Bangi. Sel:qor. M;tlaysi:l

ibstract--Twenty two species of Radiolaria were identified from ;I 30 mthick chert sequence exposed at a roadcut neitr Pos Blau. Ulu Kelantan. The radiolarian assemblage represents the top part ol the P.s~~~rt/~~tr//~tri//~~//~~ /o~~~~ttrr.icl Zone. upper Wolfcampinn uhich is equivalent to the Stkmarian. Lo\\er Permian. These radiolarian lilunas contain elements present in both Southern Urals and

.lapanese t;iunah t lYO7 Elsevier Science Ltd

Introduction

An isolated outcrop of bedded chert is exposed near Pos Blau. Ulu Kelantan. The chert is located near the eastern margin of the Bentong suture (Tjia and Almashoor 1993). Basil- Jasin ( 1994) has retrieved some Lower Permian Radiolaria from the chert sequence. Metcalfe and Spiller (1994) and Spiller and Metcalfe (1995). however, reported the occurrence of Lower and Upper Permian Radiolaria from the same area.

The chert is very important and could offer some clues about the tectonic evolution of Peninsular Malaysia. Recently. we have collected 20 chert samples from a well-exposed section in the area. The section exhibits a good stratification with minor slump structure. Sixteen samples yielded quite well-preserved Lower Permian Radiolaria. The aim of this paper is to describe the species composition of the radiolarian assemblage and to present a detailed study of the distribution of the Radiolaria in the chert sequence.

Geological setting

The study area contains metamorphic, sedimentary and minor volcanic rocks. The oldest rocks comprise Ordovician-Silurian schist and phyllite. These rocks are overlain by a sheared olistostrome unit. The age of the olistostrotne unit is not known.The olistostrome unit is overlain by the chert sequence (Tjia and Almashoor 1993). The chert occurs as isolated outcrops in the area. The chert sequence is overlain by the Upper Permian to Triassic Gua Musang Formation. The Gunung Ayam Conglomerate overlies the Gua Musang Formation (Fig. I ).

The radiolarian chert sequence is exposed at a roadcut southwest of Pos Blau, Ulu Kelantan. The chert exhibits ;I bedding style characterized by rhythmically alternating thin beds of chert and siliceous mudstone. The total thickness of the chert sequence is approximately 30 m. The thickness of the individual chert layers ranges from 2 cm to I5 cm. Some specimens of Agcrthiwus sp. were observed in the mudstone layers that are interbedded with the chert. Ag~~r/tic~wr.v has an age ranged from Early Carboniferous to Early Permian. The chert sequence is faulted and folded with a general strike of NE-SW and

dips moderately towards southeast. The chert is considered to represent the top part of ;I complete tectonic unit which consists of a sequence of schist and phyllite. olistostrome with or without massive mudstone interval and bedded chert as described by Tjia and Almashoor (1993). They hake identitied several tectonic units and suggested that the units comprise part of an imbricated structural succession, representing thrust slices which developed within a collision zone.

The chert sequence overlies ;I highly weathered volcanic rock (Fig. 2). The volcanic rock was tirst thought lo be a sill but we did not observe any metatnorphic features in the chert Iaver at the contact with the volcanic rock. The Radiolaria in the chert are not recryxtallized. We conclude that the volcanic rock must be older than the chert. Geochemical analysis of the rock indicates that the volcanic rock is andesite. At the base of the outcrop the chert exhibits thinning upwards sequence. Slump folds arc found at the tniddle of the section. The chert becomes more silty towards the top of the section and gradually grades into interbedded thinly bedded sandstone and shale (Fig. 3).

Material and methods

Twenty chert samples were collected from an outcrop near Pos Blau. Ulu Kelantan. The chert samples were crushed to chips of approximately I cm in diameter and treated Gth 10% hydrofluoric acid for two days to release Radiolaria from the siliceous matrix. The samples were washed through ;I 56 !rm sieve. The residues were dried and examined under a microscope. The well-preserved specimens of Radiolaria were photographed by using a scanning electron microscope.

Results and discussion

Sixteen samples of the chert yielded quite well preserved radiolarian faunas. Twenty two species of Radiolaria were identified as follows:

317

328 Basir Jasin and Che Aziz Ali

-

1000 1020 1040 LEGEND

Metamorphic rock

Gua Musang Formation

Gunung Ayam Conglomerate

Timber track

Fig. 1. Geological map showing chert locality near Pos Blau from which radiolarian were extracted.

Pseudoalbaillella scalprata m. scalprata, Ishiga; Pseudoalbaillella scalprata m. postscalprata, Ishiga; Pseudoalbaillella sp.; Stigmosphaerostylus cf. pycnoclada, Nazarov and

Ormiston; Stigmosphaerostylus sp.; Trilonche strangulata, Nazarov and Ormiston; Copicyntra sp.; Latentifistula patagilaterala, Nazarov and Ormiston; Latenttjistula, sp.; Latentib$stula triacanthophora, Nazarov and Ormiston; Quadriremis cf. gliptoacus, Nazarov and Ormiston; Quadriremis sp. ; Quinqueremis robusta, Nazarov and Ormiston; Polllfstula cf. longiquitas, Nazarov and Ormiston; Polyjistula sp.; Ruzhencecispongus uralicus, Kozur and Mostler; Ruzhencevispongus sp.; Tormentum delicatum, Nazarov and Ormiston ; and Tormentum sp.;

A detailed distribution of the species is listed in Table 1. Four species which previously been reported from the Southern Urals, Russia (Nazarov and

Table I. Distribution of Radiolaria in the chert samples. Samples not listed here are barren.

- #

Lower Permian Radiolaria from the Pos Blau area 329

1. Andesite 2. Chert sequence 3. Thinly interbedded sandstone and mudstone

t-i&!. 1. Outcrc~p of the clwt sequence near I’os Hlau. (Photograph lookin, (7 nortli\4e~~ dirccr~on).

Ormiston 1985) such as, 7i~i/o~dw .sr~7gu/rrrrr. Lotrvr-

lii~ifisl7rlr7 l~~irrc~cii7thopl7~~~~i. R77~l7n7c~c7~i.vporlgll.v u,olit 7~s and Psc~7~ttoc7/h~7i//c/l~7 .sdr77c7rcw.\i.v are found in the material from the Pos Blau area, Ulu Kelantan. These species u’ere recorded from the Asselian and Artinskian Stages of the Lower Permian by Nazarov and Ormiston ( 1985). Five species and morphotypes of P.scurho/hai/- Iella i.e. P.~~~77~k~~7lh~iill~~llri lor77tvitrrrin. P~sc~u~lorrlhnill~~ll~i m7rifri. P.sc~7rtt~~iilhtrill~~llu .soki77o~clt7.si.s. P,s~~7rtiorrlhtrill~~llri .sctrlprtrttr III. .su7iputu. and P.vc~rr~k~trlhtrill~~lla .scuIpxtu 111. po.st.sc~al~~rtrIrr which were used to construct Ishiga’s assemblage Lanes (Ishiga c’t (11. 1982. 1986; lshiga 1990) are also present in this area. These radiolarian faunas contain elements present in both Southern Urals and Japanese tiiunns.

Permian radiolarian biostratigraphy is well estab- lished based on the stratigraphic distribution of P.sc~uclor7lhrrill~~llrr. Alhtrillellrr . Follicucullus and Neod- htrillcllrr (Ishiga c’t rrl. 1982. 1986). At least twelve radiolarian assemblage zones were recognised in Japan by Ishiga (1990) and lshiga (1991). Nazarov and Ormiston ( 1985) have proposed radiolarian zonation for the Late Paleozoic of the Southern Urals and West Texas. KoLur and Mostler (1989) have constructed Permian radiolarian zonation for the European Tethyan region. It is now possible to use these zonations to determine the age of the radiolarian chert in this region.

‘hinly iterbedded ~ #andstone and, nudstone I

Chert sequence

Highly weathered andesite

Fig. 3. Lithologic log of the outcrop showing sample location


The most biostratigraphically significant Radiolaria are Pst~uciotilbriillt~llti lormv~ttrritr, P~st~urloocrlhtiillt~llti

OI’IIN~~I. P.st~~rrk~trlhaillt~llt~ .strknltrrt~l~sis, Psrudorrlhuille/lrr

scdprottr m. .vwlprtrto. and P.seut/ot~lht~illellt~ stulprt~tu m. po.st.vt~r,l~Jrtrtt/. Their presence in this assemblage is indicative of the P.vt~utit~trll~rrillt~lltr lomcntcrrirr Zone of lshiga ( 1990). The occurrence of P.st~utlotrlhoillt~llt~

.voknlr~r~rnsi.~ and P.vt~~rtlorrlhrrillt~llt~ lonxwturio and the absence of P.st~~rtlorr/htrillt~llt~ .st~t~lprrrtu m. rhonlho~l~or~o-

crrttr in the topmost part of the chert sequence (Sample BJ 20) suggests that the whole section of the chert is within the top part of the upper Wolfcampian P.st~urk~~rlht~illt~llrr lomwtt~rit~ Zone. The presence ot southern Urals fauna1 elements P.s~~rrlotrlht~illt~//~~

.vrrkrllrr,.t~rl.~i.s. Trilowlw strtqqrltrto and Ltrtt~ntih~~fi.st~~lr~

tritrt~trt~thoplrorrr suggests that the upper Wolfcampian may be correlated with the Sakmarian. There is no proper stage correlation between Russia and North America to date. Ltrttwt(fi.stultr ~~t~ft~~iltrtt~rtrlr~. Tomwu- /u/11 th~litutw~ and Quinquirtwi.s rdmstt~ which were originally described from the Leonardian of the Bone Springs Formation, Delaware Basin. Texas are al\o found in the present material. This indicates that those xpecies might have appeared earlier in this region.

Spiller and Metcalfe ( 1995) identified radiolarian assemblages indicative of the P.st~irtlorrlhaillt~//ti

lonwltt~rirr, and P.st~~~tlotrIhrril/t~lltr .stvIpxttI m. rlwmhotlr-

orrrtnt~r Zones of the middle and upper Wolfcampian (Locality CH 13). and the P.st~~~rlot~lbrrillt~l/t~ /orl~yfrrrwnsi.s

Zone cjf the upper Leonardian (Locality CH 14). LoMer Permian in the area. We Nere unable to locate exactly these t\vo localities because 21 lack of a detailed description of the outcrops and no grid references were given. Both localities were described as having vertically to steeply dipping bedded chert whereas at our locality the chcrt is moderately dipping towards southwest. At this localit>. P.~t~iirlorr/l~t~il/~~l/t~ .~cvlprtito ill. r~lio~iihot/iot~t~-

catrr. and f.~t~~~t/or~ll~rril/t~//~~ /o/~,~ttrnt~rl.si.s are not found. despite careful examination of the samples. Spiller and Metcalfe ( I Y95) identified onI), ten species of Radiolaria from the Y.st~~rcloc~/ht~i//t~//t~ /onmttwit~ Zone in the area (Locality C’H I?) whereas in the present study twenty two taua wcrc recorded. This suggest that the radiolarian fauna> at this locality arc lery well-preserved compared to those of Locality CH 13.

Conclusion

Twenty-two species of Radiolaria were identified from the chert sequence exposed in the Ulu Kelantan area. The chert is underlain by highly weathered andesite. The radiolarian fa~unal composition indicates that the age of the chert sequence is restricted to the top part of the P.rt~urlotrlht~il/t~llt~ lonw~~torio Zone which is equivalent to upper Wolfcampian. Louer Permian. The assemblage is composed of a mixture of mainly Southern Urals and Japanese faunas. Besides that, three species originally described from the Leonardian of the Bone Spring Formation, West Texas are also recorded.

Taxonomic notes

Order Polycystida Ehrenberg 1938, emend. Riedel 1967.

Suborder Albaillellaria Deflandre 1953. emend. Holdsworth 1969. Family Albaillellidae Deflandre , 1951 emend. Holdsworth 1969. Genus P.se~ctloalh~~illelltr. Holdsworth and Jones 1980. P.st~~rrlotrll~rri/lt~llt~ lot~wtrrrir~. lshiga and Imoto IO80. (PI. I. Fig. I). P.st~utiocrll~t~illt~l/t~ lonw~lttwio. Ishiga and lmoto 1980. PI. 2. Figs 9-15: Ishiga. Kito and Imoto 19X2. PI. I, Figs 446: Ishiga 1990, PI. 2, Fig. I 1: Sashida. Igo, Hisada. Nakornsri and Ampornmaha lY93. Fig. 6. Nos 5, 6. Purr~fi~/lic~~rt~~~/l~r.s lomtwttrritr (Ishiga and Imoto). Harms and Murchel lY92. PI. I. Fig. B.

Rtwr/rk.s

Forty specimens of P.vt~~rttorrlht~il/t~llt~ lomtw~trrir~ were retrieved. The specimens closely resemble those illustrated by Ishiga and Imoto (1980) except our specimens are not \;cry well preserved. Most of our specimens have broken spines.

Strc~tigrtipliic rtr/igc’

P.st~~rtioalhcril/t~llt~ lonwtrrritr has been used as a tonal marker for radiolarian biozonation in the Lower Permian of Japan (Ishiga ct ~1. 19X2; Ishiga 1986; Ishiga 1990). and in the European Tethyan region (Kozur and Mostler 19X9). Sashida ct 01. (1993) recorded it from the Lower Permian of Thailand. This species has also been recorded from the Wolfcampian. Lower Permian of the Canadian Cordillera (Harms and Murchey IW2).

P.st~iir/t~ti/ht~i//cII~i orxtrtc/. Ishiga and Imoto 1983. (PI. I. Fig. 3). P.st~~~tl~~t~/l~tri/lt~lltr orwttr. lshiga and Imoto; Ishiga. Kito and lmoto 1983, PI. I. Fiss I IO: Ishign IY90. PI. 2. Fig. 7.

Fifteen specimens of P.st~~rtiot~l/~ttillt~l/tr mu//t/ were retrieved. The species is distinguished from other Pseudoalbaillellids by ha\,ing relatively larger shell. barrel-shaped pseudoabdomen with two types of pores. Smaller pores are located at the upper part of the pseudoabdomen and the bigger pores arc located just bclo\\ the smaller pores.

The species has been reported from the top of the P.st~~rriorrlhtrillt~/lt~ lormwtrrritr Zone (middle to upper Wolfcampian) Lower Permian of Japan (Ishiga 01 (11. 1981: Ishiga lYX6. 1990). It has been used as a zonal marker for the lower Leonardian of the E:uropean Tethys (Kozur and Mostler 1989).

P.sc~~~t/ot~Ihrri//c//tr .st/krmrc/~si.s (Kozur I YX I ). (PI. I. Fig. 3). Pt~r~rrfi~//it~~rt~~~/l~r.s .strkt~ltrrc~rl.si.s. Korur I YX I . p. 266. PI. I. Figs I. 3. P.st~rrr/ot~/btrillt~llrr .st~knwcn.si.s (Kozur): Ishiga, Kito and Imoto 1981. PI. I. Fig. 8; lshiga 1990, PI. 2, Fig. X: Harms and Murchey 1992. PI. I. Fig. H: Caridroit l9Y3, PI. 3. Figs 3-4.


Plate 1. (Scale bar in pm is indicated in the parentheses).

1. Pseudou/haillella /omer~turiu, Ishiga and lmoto (166 pm), sample BJ 4. 2. Pseudoalbai/le//u ornutu, Ishiga and Imoto (133 I’m), sample BJ 8. 3. P.seu~lou/hai/l~~l/u .sakn~arrr~si.s, Kozur ( I33 ilrn), sample BJ 8. 4. Pseudoalbaillellu scalprutu, Holdsworth and Jones morphotype .scuIpratu Ishiga (80 ;tm) BJ I 1. 5. Pseurioalbuillellu scalprutu, Holdsworth and Jones morphotype postscalpruta lshiga (I 33 pm). sample BJ 8 6. P~seuc~~~ulhuill~~lla sp. (148 l(m), sample BJ 8. 7. Sti~~:nzosp/laPro.st~,~u~s cf. pymc1udu, Nazarov and Ormiston ( I77 pm), sample BJ 8. 8. Sr;~n~osphuero.st~/u.s sp. (133 Itm), sample BJ 4. 9. Trilonche strangukutu, Nazarov and Ormiston (100 pm), sample BJ 8. IO. Tri/onc/w .strangu/ata, Nazarov and Ormiston (133 A(m), sample BJ 12 1 I. Copicyntro sp. (100 ,um), sample BJ 8. 12. Rur/lenc.ec~ispc’ngu.t wu/icu.s, Kozur (I 33 I(m), sample BJ I I. 13. Rlc_herl~ec,i.sporz~u.s sp. (106 /(m), sample BJ 8.

Thirty-eight specimens were retrieved. Most of the specimens are not well-preserved. Most spines are broken. Well-preserved specimens closely resemble the holotype described by Kozur (1981).

Strutigraphic range

The species was reported from the Sakmarian, Lower Permian of the Cis-Urals (Kozur 1981), Russia (Nazarov and Ormiston 1985), Japan (Ishiga et nl. 1982, lshiga 1990) and Thailand (Caridroit 1993). It has also been recorded from the Wolfcampian of the Canadian Cordillera (Harms and Murchey 1992).

P.seu~koulbaillrll~~ sculpratu, Holdsworth and Jones 1980 morphotype .sculpratu Ishiga 1983. (PI. 1, Fig. 4). P,sru~locrlbaill~llrr sculpruta, Holdsworth and Jones 1980, p. 284, Figs A, B; Cornell and Simpson 1985, p. 276, Pl. 1, Fig. 5; Sheng and Wang 1985, p. 174, PI. 2, Figs 9-12 Wang 1993, p. 446447, PI. I, Figs 1, 2. P.srur~oulbaill~ll~~ .sculpratu m. sculprata, Ishiga 1983, pp. 2-3, Pl. 1, Figs l-l 8; Blome and Reed 1992, p. 168, Figs 10.19-10.21.

Remurks

This morphotype is distinguished by its broad apical cone, strongly inflated pseudothorax and shorter pseudoabdomen. Forty-five specimens were retrieved from the present material.

Strutigruphic range

This morphotype was reported from the upper P~srudoalbuillella lomenturiu Zone to P. scalpruta m. rhombothoracatu Zone, upper Wolfcampian (Ishiga 1986). Blome and Reed (1992) indicate that the morphotype extends into the Leonardian Albaillella sinuata Zone based on its co-occurrence with Pseudoal- buillella ,fusiformis. This morphotype has been recorded from Japan (Ishiga 1983, 1986), China (Sheng and Wang 1985; Wang 1993), West Texas (Cornell and Simpson 1985), Oregon, Nevada and Alaska (Blome and Reed 1992).

Pseudoalbaillellu sculprata, Holdsworth and Jones 1980 morphotype postsculprata Ishiga 1983. (PI. 1, Fig. 5).

P.seu~loulbaillellc rkomhotl~ornc~ut~~, Ishiga and Imoto 1980, PI. 3, Fig. 12. P.seudoalbuillrllu scalpruta m. postscalpruta, Ishiga 1983. p. 3, PI. 2, Figs l-16; Blome and Reed 1992, p. 366-368. Figs 10.13-10.17.

Remurks

Ishiga (1983) has identified three morphotypes of Pseudoalbaillella sculprutu Holdsworth and Jones. P.seudoalbaillellu sculpratu m. po.st.scwlpruta is distinguished from P.seudoulbaillellu sculpratu m. sculpruta in having nearly rhombohedral pseudothorax and slightly longer pseudoabdomen. It differs from P.suerk~rrlb~~illell~~ sculprutu m. rhonlbotllorLrc,rrtcr in having smaller wing-pit and shorter pseudoabdomen. Only two morphotypes P. scalprata m. postxcalprutu and P. .scctlprUtct m. sculprutu are found in the present material.

Stratigraphic range

The morphotype was recorded from Mla lomentariu Zone to P. scalpr~ita Zone, middle to upper Wolfcampian

the Pseudoulbuil- m. postsculprata of Japan (Ishiga

1986). Blome and Reed (1992) believe that this morphotype ranges from the upper Wolfcampian to possibly the lower Guadalupian based on its co- occurrence with Follicwullus monucmnthu.s, Follicucullus scholusticus and Follicucullus ,juponicus This morphotype has been recorded from Japan and western United States (Blome and Reed 1992).

P.se~~doalbaill~~ll~~ sp. (PI. 1, Fig. 6).

Remarks

The specimens are not very well-preserved. It has an inflated pseudothorax and pseudoabdomen is not well developed. This is probably a new species.

Suborder Spumellaria Ehrenberg 1875. Superfamily Entactiniacae Riedel 1967. Family Entactiniidae Riedel 1967, emend. Nazarov 1975. Subfamily Entactiniinae Riedel 1967, emend. Nazarov 1975. Genus StigmosphaerostJdus, Riist 1892, emend. Fore- man 1963.



Lower Permian Radiolaria from the Pos .Blau. area

Plate 2. Scale bar in ;(m is indicated in the parentheses.

/~~/f~/rfi#i,c./~r/(~ ptttugi/rtc~rt/rt. Nazarov and Ormiston (140 I’m). sample BJ X. (.trtc’,ltifi.rtul sp. (I 84 ~111~). sample BJ I I. l~cttc~,ltrhifistul t~irr~untllopho~~t. Nazarov and Ormiston (266 pm). sample BJ I I /,trt(,,ttihifi,st1,/(, t~ioc,rrtltho/,/to,tr. (250 pm) under tranmitted light shouing internal sphere Qzd%wni.s cf. ,g/iptow~r.\. Nazarov and Ormiston (354 pm). sample BJ I I. Qrtttt/tYwttti.~ hp. (200 jlm). sample BJ 9 ~ltittc/lrl~/~l~tt7is tYhl.vtrt. Nazarov and Ornmiston (230 elm), wnple BJ h Po/~l~/i\tu/tr cf. hgiquitm. Nazarov and Ormiston ( I33 /cm) sample BJ 3. IO. Po/~~fi.\tttkt sp. (100 I, ventral view, sample BJ 8. Fig. IO dorsal \icw. sample BJ 4

12. Tortttctttttttt ddictttttttt. Nazarov and Ormiston ( I I! j(m). s~~mple BJ 3. Totmtutttm sp. ( I7 /cm). sample BJ 4.

335

Aitchison and Stratford (1997) proved that Sti,q- ttto.s~t/t~tc~t~os/~~~/rrs Rust ( I X92) is the senior synonym of Etttwtittio Foreman (1963).

St;,~tttc~.v~~/ttrc,.o.\t~~/rr.s cf. pwtoc/ttr/tr (Nazarov and Ormis- ton 19X5).

(PI. I. Fig. 7).

This species is characterized by a small spherical shell with six long massive spines. Most of our specimens have broken spines. Some specimens have only four spines prcscr\~cd.

This species has been reported from the Sakmarian, Lower Permian of the Southern Urals (Nazarov and Ormiston 1985).

St@t?to.s/‘/?rtc~t~o,\ t~‘l1l.v q-l. (PI. I. FYg. 8).

The specimens are not well-preserved and therefore the species cannot be properly identified.

G~I~LIS 7’t~ilottchc~. Hinde I X99. emend. Foreman 1963. emend. Aitchison and Stratford 1997. Tri/ott~~/w .strxtt~ytr/ottt (Nazarov and Ormiston 1985). (PI. I. Fig. 9, IO). Dtt~tc,tit?o.s/t/trrcr.o .str.ttttgtrloto, Nazarov and Ormiston 19X5. p. 20 21. PI. 2, Figs l-2 ; Caridroit 1993, PI. 3. Figs 7 S.

Our specimens have only two oppositely directed three-bladed spines. The external sphere is partitioned into segments by narrow ridges. It is distinguished from E. citttclict in having less numerous partitions 011 the external surface.

Nazarov and Ormiston (1985) reported that the species with weakly segmented shell and two spines was rarely found in the Sakmarian, Lower Permian of the Southern lirals.

Genus ~‘otpic~~w~tw, Nazarov and Ormiston 19X5. Co/~icy?trYl sp. (PI. I. Fig. II).

Rrtttrttk\

The specimens are poorly preserved and cannot bc identified to species level. Forty specimens were recovered from nine chert samples.

Superfamily Latentifistulidea Nazarov and Ormiston 1983. Family Ruzhencevispongidae Kozur 19X0. emend. Nazarov and Ormiston 1983. Genus Rtt~ho7c~c~7~i.s~otz,~tt.s, Kozur 19X(), emend. Nazarov and Ormiston 1983.

Rtt_/t~‘ttc,c~t.i.s~t’~lgll.~ urrrlic~~t.s. Kozur 19X(). p. 737. PI. I Figs I 3: Ishiga 1990. PI. 2. Fig. I.

Rctttut.X.\

Twenty specimens ot quite well-preserved Ru_/tc~ttc,c,t.i.sl,on~us wdic~tts were retrieved. The specimens closely resemble the holotype described by Kozu~ (1980) except that the pores of sonic specimens arc cov.ered by a siliceous matrix.

The species has been recorded from the Lower Permian of the Urals (Kozur 19x0) and from the P.sc~ir~io~tll~~till~~llo lottwttt~triri Zone of Southwest Japan (Ishiga 1990).

Rt/~/r~~ttc~~~r~i.s/~o/tgtt.s sp.

(PI. I. Fig. 13).

Our specimens exhibit a shell morphology very similar to that of Ru~hrt7c~i1~e.s~~ot7~u.s girtj, of Nazarov and Ormiston (1985) which was described from the Gu;tdalupian (Upper Permian) of West Texas. except that the terminal spines are missing in our specimens.

Family Latentitistulidae Nazarov and Ormiston 19X3. Genus Lutrttt~fistuh, Nazarov and Ormiston 19X3. L(ttrttt$stdo ptugik~tmtlu. Nazarov and Ormiston 1985. (PI. 3. Fig. I ).


Latent$stulu patagilateralu, Nazarov and Ormiston Genus Quinqueremis, Nazarov and Ormiston 1983. 1985, p. 33-34, PI. 4, Fig. 1; Blome and Reed 1992. Quinqurremis rohustrr, Nazarov and Ormiston 1985. p. 375, Fig. 13.8. (PI. 2, Fig. 7).

Quinqueremis rohustrr, Nazarov and Ormiston 1985, p. 37, PI. 4, Fig. I I.

The specimens closely resemble L~~tent!‘fi.stulr pcrtcrgi- lrrerulr described by Nazarov and Ormiston (1985). Our specimens exhibit a slight variation in the thickness of

Renwrks

Our specimens are very similar to that illustrated by Nazarov and Ormiston (1985). The arms are elongate and broken. No well-preserved specimens were observed in the present material.

the arms.

Str~~tigrupphic range

The species has been recorded from the Permian of Texas (Nazarov and Ormiston Navada and Oregon (Blome and Reed 1992).

L~ltenty?.stulrl sp. (PI. 2, Fig. 2).

Lower 1985).

The specimens resemble Lrrtent!‘fi.stulr UU.Y Nazarov and Ormiston except they are larger in size and have greatly inflated arm tips. L. UU.Y was reported from the lowermost Permian by Nazarov and Ormiston (1985).

Genus L~~tmtih$.stu/u. Nazarov and Ormiston 1983. Lutentih~jistulrr tri~rcNnthophor_~~. Nazarov and Ormiston 1983. (PI. 2, Figs 3. 4). Lcrtt~ntih~~.stulcr~ trirrc~rmthophorc, Nazarov and Ormiston 1983, p. 347, PI. I, Figs 4-5; Nazarov and Ormiston 1985, p. 36. Pl. 3, Figs 12-14. Caridroit 1993, PI. 3, Fig. I I.

Our specimens are very similar to those illustrated by Nazarov and Ormiston ( I983 1985). Narrow depressions along the whole length of the arms are visible but the outer spongy layer is not well-preserved.

Strcitigrcipliic rrmge

The species has been reported from the upper Sakmarian of the Southern Urals (Nazarov and Ormiston 1985) and from the Lower Permian of Northwest Thailand (Caridroit 1993).

Genus Qurdriremi.s, Nazarov and Ormiston 1985. Qudriremis cf. gliptocrrus, Nazarov and Ormiston 1985. (PI. 2. Fig. 5).

The specimens exhibit four long platy-porous arms. Most specimens have only one arm preserved, and cannot properly be compared to Q. gliptoacus.

Quudriremis sp. (Pl. 2. Fig. 6).

Remarks

The specimens exhibit four hollow arms. Most of the arms are broken. The poor state of preservation does not permit identification of the species.

Strcitigruphic range

Nazarov and Ormiston (1985) recorded this taxon from the Leonardian of the Bone Springs Limestone, West Texas.

Genus Pol~,$stulu, Nazarov and Ormiston 1984. Po!,,$.stulr cf. longiquitus, Nazarov and Ormiston 1984. (PI. 2, Fig. 8).

Remark.s

The shell has six arms arrayed so that they intersect at 60 in one plane and the seventh is normal to that plane. The specimens are not well preserved and do not allow proper identification of the species.

Polyfistulu sp. (PI. 2, Figs 9, 10).

Remarks

The shell has five arms arranged in one plane and the sixth arm which is normal to that plane. The specimens are poorly preserved. This is probably a new species.

Family Tormentidae, Nazarov and Ormiston 1983. Genus Tormentum, Nazarov and Ormiston 1983. Tormentum delicatum, Nazarov and Ormiston 1985. (PI. 2, Figs 11, 12). Tormentum clelicatum. Nazarov and Ormiston 1985, p. 40-41, Pl. 5, Figs 4-5.

The shell is inflated and subtriangle to triangular in shape. The outer surface is spongy with three short terminal spines. The specimens are very similar to those illustrated by Nazarov and Ormiston (1985).

Stratigruphic range

Nazarov and Ormiston (1985) recorded it from the Leonardian of the Bone Spring Limestone, West Texas.

Tormentum sp. (PI. 2, Fig. 13).

Remurks

The form has an inflated subtriangular shell. The outer surface is smooth with a few pores. This is probably a new species.


.4~~k/zo11~lcrl~c/~~~~~~~.s~We would like to express our gratitude to Dr Jonathan Aitchison (Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hong Kong) and another anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments and suggestions. We thank Encik Mohd. Yaakob Dato’ Ismail, Abdul Ghani Idris and lbrahim Mohd Dom for their assistance in preparation of SEM photographs of the Radiolaria. plates and map. We would like to acknowledge reciept of a Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia research grant (S/3/96) to study Radiolaria in Peninsular Malaysia.

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Documents

Lower permian Radiolaria from the pos blau area, Ulu Kelantan, Malaysia