Upload
khangminh22
View
2
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
What do you already know?
1. An idea about life that the story reveals is a
a. theme b. character c. plot
2. The most suspenseful moment in a story is its
a. point of view b. conflict c. climax
3. A story with an all-knowing narrator has _________ point of view.
a. omniscient b. vantage c. first-person
4. The series of events that make up a story is
a. conflict b. plot c. theme
What do you already know?
1. The protagonist is the main character of the story.
a. true
b. false
2. External conflicts may be struggles between
a. a person and another person c. a person and nature
b. a person and a group d. all of the above
3. What is tone?
a. the stylistic elements c. the diction of the author
b. the author’s attitude d. The mood of the story
The Main Ingredients
Fiction’s main ingredients are
Plot (Setting)
Conflict
Characters
Point of View
Theme
© 2
002-2
00
3 c
lipart
.com
Plot
Plot is the sequence of events in a story. Plot tells “what happens.”
There is a natural pattern of how the plot happens in stories, and we call this pattern, the plot line.
Good readers know what part of plot is happening at different times in the story.
Plot Line
Exposition: The start of the story. The way things are before the action starts.
Climax: The turning point. The most intense moment (either mentally or in action.)
Falling Action: all of the action which follows the Climax.
Resolution: The conclusion, all conflicts are resolved.
Setting
The setting is where the story happens
at, usually known as the Time and the
Place. Setting can also include the
atmosphere.
Setting can include
The geographical location (Sterling)
The time period (1902, or 2400)
The specific area or space (Sterling Middle School,
the backyard)
The atmosphere (cold, dark night or bright, sunny
afternoon)
What Is Conflict?
Conflict is a struggle or clash between opposing characters or opposing forces.
Conflict is
the driving force of a story.
the problem that the characters must solve or overcome.
Without conflict there is no plot.
External Conflict
External conflict is a struggle between a character and some outside force—another character, a group, or nature (can be supernatural, too).
Am
and
a T
rim
ble
Internal Conflicts
Internal conflict is a struggle between opposing desires or emotions within a person.
Internal conflicts may take place within a character’s mind or heart.
Am
and
a T
rim
ble
Conflicts
Person VS Person
Person VS Nature
Person VS Society
Person VS Himself
Person VS Supernatural
Characters
Characters are the people (or animals and things presented as people) appearing in a literary work.
We learn about characters by what they say, do, think, and how they act.
Protagonist
Antagonist
Point of View
Point of view is the perspective from which a story is told.
In first-person point of view, one of the characters, using the personal pronoun I, is telling the story.
I rapped on the cottage door and wondered why it was taking Granny so long to answer. Finally I heard a hoarse voice cry, “Come in, Little Red.”
Different Points of View
In the Third-person point of view the narrator is distant from all of the characters, and uses their names or pronouns, instead of “I” or “Me.”
Riding Hood rapped on the cottage door and wondered why it was taking Granny so long to answer. Finally, she heard a hoarse voice cry, “Come in, Little Red.”
In an omniscient point of view, the narrator knows everything about the characters and their problems.
As Little Red Riding Hood rapped on the cottage door, the Wolf finished tying Granny’s wrists and shut her in the closet. The Wolf wriggled into Granny’s nightgown, scrambled into bed, and cried out, “Come in, Little Red.”
Practice with “The Most Dangerous Game”
Before Reading: Asses you views on topics found in the story.
While Reading: Record the main events of the story on a plot line.
After Reading: Reevaluate your views on the topics in the story.
Now, let’s do a deeper reading!
It isn’t enough to simply identifythe elements of a short story. You
also need to be able to analyze these elements.
Characterization
Characterization is how a writer reveals character. There are two types of characterization: direct and indirect.
When an author uses direct characterization, he/she directly states a character’s traits.
Example: “He was a tall man past middle age, for his hair was a vivid white; but his thick eyebrows and pointed military mustache were as black as the night from which Rainsford had come” (Connell 44). ~ Zaroff
No interpretation necessary!
Characterization Continued
Sounds like Connell is indirectly describing General Zaroff as being vampire-like!
Break here for practice with characterization…
Theme
Theme is an idea about life that the story reveals. Theme is the author’s message.
Usually the theme is not stated directly in the story. You have to figure it out.
Theme is a complete sentence!
There can many themes in a single story.
When looking for themes, think of which things are repeated throughout the story. These must be important to the author.
What is one theme of
TMDG?
There is more!
To analyze literature you will need to do more than just look at the main ingredients of ______, _______, __________, _________, _______, and ________. You will also need to interpret stylistic choices of the author.
3. Figurative Language
Expressions, which put aside literal meanings in favor of imaginative connections, describing one thing in terms of another.
Examples: metaphor, simile, personification, analogy, symbolism, allusion, and imagery
It is called figurative language because you have to figure it out.
Types of Fig. Language
Analogy: A comparison of an unfamiliar object or idea to a familiar one.
Metaphor: direct comparison without like or as
Simile: Comparison using like or as
Hyperbole: a grand exaggeration
Irony: something that happens that is the opposite of what is excepted.
Symbolism: when one thing stands for or represents another.
Figurative Language Continued
Figurative Language Challenge:
Pick TWO of the following visuals. Write a sentence using figurative languagethat ties your chosen visual to “The Most Dangerous Game”
4. Tone
The attitude an author takes toward his/her subject, audience, and characters.
Established by careful selection (diction) and placement (syntax) of words, and by purposeful use of details and images.
Tone is the hallmark of a writer’s personality!
Mood is the emotional effect that the story creates.
Tone vs. Mood
Mary Poppins Trailer
Watch the Mary Poppins Trailer. Write down two words to describe the tone two words to describe the mood.
Scary Mary Poppins Trailer
Watch this version of the trailer and write down two words to describe the tone and two words to describe the mood.
Tone Continued
Think Fast: What is the primary tone of “The Most Dangerous Game,” in your opinion? ______________________________
Identify a text example and page number showing this tone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Style
Style is defined as the way in which an author chooses to write.
Style is not what is said, but how it is said.
Literary style may be described in a variety of ways, such as formal, conversational, journalistic, wordy, ornate, poetic, or dynamic.
6. Style Continued
Elements of style include descriptive writing,
word choice (diction), sentence length, tone, figurative language, dialogue, strong verbs, adjectives, difficult vocabulary, and point of view.
Break here for practice with style! Complete style chart analysis of Richard Connell’s style in “TMDG.”