The impact of speed circle training on development of some types of

Speed associated with the performance of Mawashi –Geri

Skill in the actual fighting for Karate players

Safaa Saleh Hussen*

Rania mohamed Abd el Gwad

Faculty of physical Education, Zagazeg University, Egypt

Abstract:

The aim of this study is use a group of speed exercises to identify the

impact of proposed exercises on some types of Speed (The speed of the

response, the speed of the mind, the speed of the realization, the relative

speed) , reaction time associated with performance of Mawashi –Geri

Skill ,The researcher used the experimental design approach one group

with a sample of (25) actual fighting players from university Karate team

, the results it is concluded a significant differences between pre and post

measuring for (The speed of the response, the speed of the mind, the

speed of the realization, the relative speed) and also improvement the

reaction time

Keywords: speed circle, Mawashi –Geri, actual fighting

Introduction:

In the modern martial art Karate, leg techniques should be executed in the

shortest time possible. Because of a change of the point system, the leg

techniques became of more importance in competition. Despite the high

relevance of leg techniques (Karyn, Mark 1991), the roundhouse kick

(Mawashi Geri) is one of the most popular of the karate kicks. It can be

used to attack at any level from the knee to the head. When performed

correctly, the roundhouse kick can be devastatingly fast and effective in

strikes to the ribs and head (Beasley 2002), executed with both the front

and the back leg. The target area can be the Chudan-area as well as the

Jodan-area because these techniques are possible by the front leg as well

as by the back leg; they can be applied frequently in competition,

Therefore it should be done with many kinds of speeds according to the

kick place, their timing and the competitor level, In the karate sport my

application not enable the combat style if the player reaction was not fast

and its response is immediate the speed is very important to succeed in

the competition and in the self-defense and the reflection reaction he

considers the only difference between the winning and the loss in the

physical confrontation , so speed training is essential to effective self

defense. "The ultimate goal of the warrior is to learn to end the fight with

a single blow (Sang 1999), Speed and power more important than skill

for Karate and speed more important than power (Masatoshi Nakayama

1984). Therefore, there are seven elements for the speed in the martial

arts like:

Tactile Reflexes, This component focuses on the training methods that

will develop tactile (touch) reflexes.

Adaptation Speed, This component deals with mind's ability to

instantaneously select the perfect action in response to an attack or

opening.

Initiation Speed, focus on the development of explosiveness, once you

have chosen the correct action to initiate.

Alteration Speed involves the ability quickly to change directions in the

midst of movement. Essentially, it involves control of balance and inertia.

Visual Reflexes, This component focuses on the training methods that

will increase ability to spot openings and track movements.

Movement Speed is the ability quickly to transfer part or all of body

from one place to another. It is the speed that is most recognized by the

public at large.

Auditory Reflexes, This component focuses on enhancing listening

skills. It is important to react quickly to what you hear. (Barnes.2005,

2010)

The aim of this study is use a group of speed exercises to identify the

impact of proposed exercises on some types of Speed (The speed of the

response, the speed of the mind, the speed of the realization, the relative

speed) associated with performance of Mawashi –Geri Skill.

Objectives:

The aim of this study is use a group of speed exercises to identify the

impact of proposed exercises on:

1. Some types of Speed (The speed of the response, the speed of the

mind, the speed of the realization, the relative speed) associated with

performance of Mawashi –Geri Skill for karate players.

2. Reaction time for Mawashi –Geri performance for karate players.

Hypotheses:

1. There is a positive effect in (The speed of the response, the speed of

the mind, the speed of the realization, the relative speed) for karate

players.

2. There is a positive effect in reaction time for Mawashi –Geri

performance for karate players.

Method:

The researcher used the experimental design approach one group with a

sample of (25) actual fighting players from university Karate team,

between the ages of (19-22) the mean age (20.0) (SD 0.866) has been a

Homogeneity to them in the following variables: age, height, weight,

training age, using Tools is "stopwatch to measure time, the test of the

graded ruler to measure the response speed, the form of evaluation of the

speed kinds to the players during the matches which the researcher were

held between the players and records it by video for putting a degree to (

the speed of the realization, the speed of the mind, the relative speed ) by

referees and they giving the player's a degree from five degrees

according for a speed perceived them to the holes and the choice of the

suitable attack and also their speed in the change of the trends, a device

for measuring speed of the reaction to all the body, the light reaction time

measurement device to the leg , and the devices were calibrated by other

similar devices .the basic experiment has done in the time period of (9-11

/ 2011) and has been the implementation of the proposed exercise for

eight weeks with three times weekly and time unit gradient from the (60 -

90 Minutes) , for the intensity of training load: - exercise with a speed

less than the maximum speed taking into consideration that the exercise is

marked by the right timing and the flexibility and the non- tension and

training on small groups that range between ( 10 - 20 ) a movement with

the start from the zero and the arrival at the maximum speed taking into

consideration that it, with the increase of the repetition, the level

increases and that the fatigue doesn't affect the required level , a period of

rest between each exercise and another ranging from (2-5) minutes

depending on the type of exercise.

Results

Table 1. Significant differences between pre and post measures in the

speed types associated with Mawashi –Geri performance

T test Post test Pre test Variables

SD M SD M

7.49 3.23 17.14 4.01 26.07 The speed of the response

6.51 0.70 2.82 0.67 2.21 the speed of the mind

6.36 0.52 3.5 0.65 2.5 the speed of the

realization

8.33 0.56 3.39 0.44 2.5 the relative speed

It is clear from Table (1) there are significant differences between pre and

post measures in the speed types associated with Mawashi –Geri

performance.

Table 2. Significant differences between pre and post measures in

reaction time for Mawashi –Geri performance

Variables Pre test Post test T test

M SD M SD

Reaction time for all

body

0.62 0.05 0.49 0.08 6.94*

Reaction time for leg 25.79 4.54 21.14 3.11 6.95 *

It is clear from Table (2) there are significant differences between pre and

post measures in reaction time for Mawashi –Geri performance.

Discussion:

From the presentation of schedule data (1) the presence of statistical

referring differences becomes clear between both pre and post

measurements of the research sample in the mawashi –geri speed element

is from what points out the efficiency of the trainings of the speed ring

that took place their application and their contribution positive in the

development of the response speed and the speed of the realization, the

mind, the relativity. the researcher is related the improvement in the

speed of the response that she is related accurately the optic and audio

realization, that is developed through the suggested trainings that have

been applied on the research sample and also the ability of the truth of

expectation and intuition and the insight in the situations of the different

games and also the speed of the thinking for the changing attitudes.

This agrees with what Barnes Softcover pointed out that training the

speed is to the combat arts it is necessary and that she is done to the

increase of the speed of the maximum in the competition and the self-

defense

as for the improvement in the speed of mind and the speed of

realization the researcher returns it to the big agreement between all body

parts in the fast movements and this agrees with what she pointed out

“Loren Christensen” that the high adaptation speed allows the reactions to

execute the movement choice operation automatically quickly and

accurately and without an apparent thinking.

From the presentation of schedule data (2) clear and statistically

significant differences between pre and post measurements for the sample

in the reaction speed, which refers to the efficiency of the exercises that

have been applied and a positive contribution in its development

The improvement in speed of reaction researcher back it to the accuracy

of the speed of reaction associated with strictly visual perception and

auditory, which develops through the exercises proposed, which was

applied to the sample and also the ability of the sincerity of expectation,

intuition and insight in the attitudes of different play as well as the speed

of thought for the positions changing.

This is consistent with that indicated by the "Barnes Softcover" that the

training speed of the martial arts should lead to increase the maximum

speed in competition and self-defense

Also consistent with the indication by the "Loren W. Christensen" that

the high-speed adjustment allow reactions to carry out the movement

selection process automatically and accurately and quickly without

thinking visible.

Moreover, with what clear by MacAulay, Kalman 2005 and Beasley 2002

that if you want to take your kicking skills to a higher level, improving

your speed

Conclusion

The use of the speed circle exercise is in the training of tactical skills in

karate specially the Mawashi –Geri skill can maximize the benefits of

training and improve skills for competition and self-defense due to

improvement in the response speed level, the speed of the mind, the speed

of the realization, the relative speed and reaction speed.

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