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אאF١١٥EFE
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Wאא אא
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אאF١١٥EFE
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،א،אאא
W، אאאאאאאאא
אא،אאאאאאאאאא
،אאאאאאWאא Jא JאאK א א א אא
،א אא א א א אאאא،
א אא ،אאא א א אאאאא
א،אאאאאאאא א א ،א א
Kא א א א א א א
Kאאאאאא אאאאאאא J J א ،א א א
א א، א א א Kאא
؛אאאאKא
אאאא
אאF١١٥EFE
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א
א א ١ א
אאא Jאא ٦
אא ٨
אא ٨
א٨ א
אאא٨ א
٩ א
אאאא ٢٣
אא ٢٤ א٢٧ א
אאאא ٢٨
٢٩ א
אא ٢٩ אא ٣٠
אאא ٣٢ א ٣٥
א ٣٦ EאFא ٣٧
א J J ٤٢ אא ٤٥
אא ٤٥
אאF١١٥EFE
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3
אא ٤٧ אאאא ٥٢
אא ٥٥ אא ٦٠
אאאא ٦١ א ٦١
אא ٦٢ אא ٦٣
אא ٦٤ א ٦٤
א ٦٦ אא ٦٩
אא ٧٠ א ٧٣
א ٧٦ א ٧٧
א ٧٨ א ٨١
אאאא ٨٦ אא ٨٧
אאא ٨٨ אא ٨٩
א ٨٩ א ٩٢
אא ٩٥
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
4
אא ٩٨ א ١٠٠
א ١٠٢ אא ١٠٧
אא ١٠٩ ١١١
אאא ١١٥ אא ١٢٣
אאאאאאאא١٢٤ א ١٢٤
אאא ١٢٥ אאא ١٢٦
אאא ١٢٦ אאא ١٢٦
אא ١٢٦ אא ١٢٨
אא ١٢٨ אאאא ١٢٩
אאא ١٢٩ אאאא ١٣٠
אאאאא ١٣٠ א ١٣٠
אאא ١٣٢ אא ١٣٢
אאא ١٣٢
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
5
אא ١٣٥
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
6
Introduction
א א ، א ، אWא،אא
Wאz١٣א،xKא،אאאא
،א א א א א א א א א אא אאא א
אאאאאאא،אKאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאא א א א א א ،א
א،אא،אאאא א א א א א
א א א א א ،א،אאאאאא
Kאאאאא ،א א א א א
Wא ١ J א אא א א א א
א אא א א א אא ،אא א אא א א ، א
Kא ٢ Jאאאאאא
،א א אא ،א אא ،אא אא ،א אאאאאא،אאאאאאא
،אאאא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
7
אא،אאאאKא
אא، ، א אא א א
Kאא Kאאא،אא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
8
אאאאאאאא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
9
אWא א א א א א א
א ، א א א א ،Kא
Wאאא ١ JאKאאא ٢ JאאK ٣ J א א א א אא א،
אאאאK
٣ Jאא J Jא אא א א א א Kאא
٤ JאאאאאאKאאאא
٥ JKאאאאא ٦ J،אאא אאא
Kאאא ٧ J א א ، א אא
אEFאאאK
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
10
אא
אא Physical Measurements
١ J١ אIntroductionW
א א א אא א א،Kא
אאאא،אאאא،
،אאאKאאW
١ JאאEאאאFmeasurement units of dimensional
quantitiesK ٢ JאEאאאאFunits dimensionsK
א،אאאא،،אאאא
،אאKאאאאא ٢ J١ אאMeasurement UnitsW
אא،אאאWאאאא،א،אאאאא،א،אא،אא א ،א א אא ،א
א א א אאא ،א،א،א،אW،
א Wא א א א،א א ،אא א אא אא ،א ،א
א א א א א א Kא אא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
11
International System אא ،(SI) א א System
InternationalK א א א אא א א א
א א א א ،אInternational bureau of weight and measures، J J
אאאאאאKא،אאא Fא١ J١אאאאE،
Wא א א א F١E ، FאאאאKאא١א J١E
אFאאא،אאאאא١ J١ JKE
Symbol א (SI) Unit א Quantity א m meter אlength א kg kilograאאmass א s second אtime א K kelvin אthermodyna
micsאא
A ampere אelectric א cd אcandelaאluminous א
mol mole א amount of substance
א
F١א J١אאאאEF١E
Symbol א (SI) Unit א Quantity א rad אradian אplane angle אאאsr. אsteradiaאsolid angle אאא
F١א J١ JאאאאאE
Wאאא
F١EFא١-٦אFאE١-٤א،אEאאאא
Kא F١EFאאKאאאאאא١-٦KE
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
12
١ J٢ J١אאThe Metric SystemW אאאא،אאאאא
Fאאא א אאא،١ J١،Eאא(MKS system)אאאאאא
א(Meter, Kilogram, Second)אא אKelvinאא،(K)K
٢ J٢ J١אאThe Gaussian system (CGS)W א אא א ،א א א א
א א א אא ،(MKS)،Kאאאאאא
אאאGauss،(CGS system)אאאאאאאאא(Centimeter, Gram,
Second)אאאא(K)אKא
٣ J٢ J١אאThe British System (FPS)W א א אא א א W ، אא ،
، א א (FPS System) א א א אאאא(Foot, Pound, Second)،אא
אאFahrenheitK אאאאא א א K א א א
(MKS)(CGS)א א א אא א Kאאאאאא א
Kאאא ٣ J١אאאאInternational System Units (SI)W ،א ،אF א א א א
،א אא א ،Eאאא،אאא،אאאא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
13
א א א א א אא Kאא
Kאא ٤ J١ אDimensionsW
אא،אא،אא،אאאא
אdimensional consistency and units consistency،אא،א،אWא،אא،א،
،א،א،אאאאאאאאאW
אא [K] א[L]אא[A] א[M]
א [Cd] א[T]א [Mol]
א ، x z אאאא א ، אאאאאאא
א אא אא אא א ،Wא
١ JKאאאא ٢ JאKאאא
٣ JKאאאאאאא
٤ J ، א(MKS)(CGS)K
،אאא אא אא ، א אא א ،א
W،אאא،א
t
xv
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
14
Wא
1TLT
Lv
אxzאאא،אא،אzאאLz،אאאxTאאx(1)א
Wאאאאא،א 11 smTL
אאא،אW )s/m( א (MKS)א א א ،א
אאאאF١ J١EApplication אאאאאאאא
א אIsaac Newton א ، ،אK
אForceאW amF
(m)א،)a(
אW،אאא)s/m(א)s(אW
)s/m()s(
)s/m(
t
va 2
א א א )kg1( א)s/m1( 2 אW،
)s/m)(kg(amF 2
،אאאאאא
Wא2]T][L][M[ א)s/m.kg( 2Kא
F١ J١E ،אאאאאאWא
אא،אאW rFW
.
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
15
)F( א)r(
אאאא א،א ،א Wא א ،אא
א א ، א א א،Wא
)s
mkg(
)m)(s
mkg(J
2
2
2
Kא ،א ،א א א א א22 ]T[]L][M[ K
אאאא)N1(א)m1(אW،אאאאאא
אאK אאא
CoulombVolt،אאK ،אא א א אא
،א אא א ،א אא א אאא א ?
?אDimensions and units theoryאKEF אא ،
אאאאאאא،אאא אא
Kא F٢ J١E
אא،אאאאא(m)()K
אSolutionW אא א (A) א
אW
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
16
TMCLA א),,( ،א אא א
، אאC אא א،א א ،א א א Jא א
JW
2
2
s
mkgJ
TML
LTM211
W = 1, = 2, = -2
Wא 2mv
2
1K
W )2/1(C
א א א אא א ، א א א א F٥ J١KE
Symbol א
Prefix א
Factor א
Symbol א
Prefix א
Factor א
y yocto 10 -24 Y yotta- 10 24
z zepto- 10 -21 Z zetta- 10 21
a atto- 10 -18 E א exa- 10 18
f femto- 10 -15 P peta- 10 15
p pico- 10 -12 T א tera- 10 12
n nano- 10 -9 G giga- 10 9
micro- 10 -6 M mega- 10 6
m milli- 10 -3 k kilo- 10 3
c centi- 10 -2 h hecto- 10 2
d deci 10 -1 da deka- 10 1
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
17
F٥א J١אאאאאאEF١E Prefixes for (SI) units
אא א א prefixes א א א (yotta) א א א ،(yocto) אא K
Fאאאא١ J١KE FאאאאEאFE
،FE،א،אFEא،FE،FE،א
Fא١ J٥KE אאאאא
א)( r،אאWKאא
אאאאאאאאdimensional analysisWאא،
F٣ J١E א א א אא א
אאאW t
d
)TT(kAQ 12
Wאאאא QאאאאWconducting heat،kאW
אאthermal conduction coefficient،A،אW)T,T( 12W،אאאt،אWdKאאאW
אSolutionW אאאJouleW
F١E،אאאאאא--
אK
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
18
אאא
א אא
א
ZZZZ]L[d
]K[T
]L[A
]K[]T][L][M[k
]T[]L][M[Q
2
13
22
אאאאKאאא
2222
121322
]T[]L][M[]T[]L][M[
]T[]L][K[]L[]K[]T][L][M[]T[]L][M[
Kאא F٤ J١E
א ، א א א אא אא א א א א )R(
)I(א א א א ، א ،א אresistive power אא ،
א(P)K אSolutionW
Wאא 232 ]A[]T[]L][M[R Wאא
32 ]T[]L][M[P Wאא
]A[I אא)P(،אאא
Wאא RIP
Wא
322
23232
]T[]L[]M[]A[K
]A[]T[]L[]M[]A[K]T[]L][M[
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
19
אאאאW،א
2
02
LW،אאאא 2 = 2 = 1 = 2
Wא
22
232
232232
I]A[
R]A[]T[]L][M[
]A[]T[]L][M[]A[K]T[]L][M[
Wא RKIP 2
W K = 1
אאאאאאא(SI)Fא،٦ J١KE
אא
אF١EDimensions
אQuantity אא
2m L2 א area A
mol Mol א amount of substance
X
2ms 2LT EאFא acceleration a
12 TML אאא angular momentum
T
A A א current I 2421 Asmkg 2421 ATLM א capacitance C
3ML אא mass density p 22 smkg 22 TML א energy U
1sA AT אאelectric charge C
F٦א J١אאאE א
א א
Dimensions אQuantity
אא
F١EKאא
12 smkg
3mkg
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
20
אא
אDimensions
אQuantity אא
132 ATML אא electric potential V
13 Asmkg 13 ATML א
א electric field
strength E
232 Asmkg 232 ATML אא electric resistance R 1s 1T א frequency v
2smkg 2TML א force F 222 Asmkg 222 ATML א inductance L
m L א length l
cd C d א luminous intensity I
cd sr C d S r אא luminous flux 2mcd 2LCd א luminance L
kg M א mass m 2mkg 2ML אאא moment of inertia I
112 Asmkg 122 ATML אא magnetic flux B
12 Askg 12 AMT א
א magnetic field
density B
m A L A אא magnetic pole P
Am 1 AL 1 א
א magnetic field
strength T
22 Askg 22 AMLT א permeability mk
2TM אא surface tension J 12 Ksm 122 KTL אאא specific heat C
s T א time t
K K אא temperature T 22 smkg 22 TML אא torque T
13 Ksmkg 13 KMLT אאא thermal conductivity
k
3L 3L א volume V 1LT 1LT א velocity v
Fא٦ J١אאאE
Wא Kא
132 Asmkg
2skg
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
21
،א א א א א א א ،א א F א ٧ J١א א E
אאאK א אlower caseא capital
א ،א אא א א א א אא Kאא),,,,( K
א )(،א )( ،א א )( ،א)(،א)(،א א א
א אא א א Plane angleא א אא א ،solid angle ،א א Kא ،
אא א)( ،א ،א )Z( K،אאאאא
אא
Capital
אאLower case
אא Greek Name
אאCapital
אאLower case
אא Greek Name
N Nu A Alpha
Xi B Beta
O O Omicron Gamma
Pi Delta
P Rho E Epsilon
Sigma Z Zeta
T Tau H Eta
Y Upsilon Theta
Phi I Iota
X Chi K Kappa
Psi א Lambda
Omega M Mu
F٧ J١אאאאEF١E
F١E،אאאא،אאאא
Kאא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
22
F٥ J١E אאאאא Projectile(x)א
אאאא)v( oאא،)g(אK
אאאאאאאאאKא
אSolutionW )g,v(x o
אאא،א(K)،א،אא
Kאאאאא אאא),(
gvKx o
אא אא אא א א Kאא
،אאאאאא،WL
אWאאא
2
2
21
]T[]L[
]T[]L[]T[]L[
]T][L[]T][L[
Wאא 2]T{]L[]L[
،אאא0]T[א،אאא،W
20 ]T[]L[]T][L[ אאאאא
אא،dimensions analysis + = 1 = 1- (1)
--2 = 0 - = 2 -(1-) = 2
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
23
-1 + = 2 2- = -1
= -1 (2)
א(1)W = 1- = 1-(-1) = 2
g
vKx
2o
Kאאאאאא\ F٦ J١E
אאאאאא)x(aW 2
oo at)2/1(tvxx
)x( oאאאא)t(،אאאא)v( oKEאFאאאאKאאא
אSolutionW Wאאא
L Wאאא
221 ]T[]T][L[]T[]T][L[]L[ אאא،אא א א א א א
،W
]L[]T[]T][L[
]L[]T[]T][L[
]L[]L[
22
1
Kאאאא
F٨ J١EApplication frequencyoscillationאא)f(
א)F(אmass per unit lengthFm/EK
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
24
א،אאאאאאאאKאאאא
אSolutionW Wאאא
)/m,,F(f ، אא א א،אא
(K)K
l
mlKFv
אאאdimensions analysis،EFאאא
Kאא אאא،אאא(SI)
(s-1)K
2
21
]T[]L[]M[K
]L[]M[]L[]T][L][M[K]T[
،אאאאאא،אאא،א
00 ]L[]M[W 2100 ]T[]L[]M[K]T[]L[]M[
Wא EאF 0 EאF
2
00
EאF 1
2/1
2/112
2
112
1
2
1
12
1
mlKF
l
mKFf
m
F
l
Kf
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
25
Wאאאא 2
1
l/m ،א 1)l( ،אאא
،א א אא אאא،אאא 2
1
l/m א،(m)אW)l/m(K
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
26
א Summary
אאאאאא،אאאא
אאאאא،،אאאאא(SI)Kאאא
אא(MKS)אא،(CGS)אא(SI)،אWאא،
،אא،א،אא،אאא،אאאאאא
א،אא،א،אKא
אא(FPS) J،א،אאאאאאא،א Jאא
Kאאא
אאא Jאאאא J،אאאאא
א)CNm109( 129 אאא)esucmdyne1( 22 KאאאK
אאאאF٥ J١،E،אאאאאאאא،אאאא
K
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
27
אאאא Self Test Exams
אאאאא אאא،Kאא،אאאאאא
אWאאא אאWאאאאא،
אאא)/p( ،)p(אא)( ،א،א)visconsity()(א
)r(K א،אאאאאאא
אאKאאא אWאאא
אאאאאWא g)(
v
rK s
2
א Stock’s law،)r(א
א א א)( s ،)v( א א א א )( )(،)g(אא
9
2K Kא،
אWאאא black body )A( א א ،)T(،אא(Q)א)t(K
Wאאאאא 4TtAQ
)( Stefen-Boltzman constant א ، אא אא א אא
אא(SI)K Wאאא،אא
KEFאאאאאאאא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
28
אא Unit One Exercises & Problems
١ J١א אא אאא א א
אאאאאא،א(SI)K ،א،א،א،א،א،א،א،אא
Kא،א،א،א ٢ J١אאאאאאאאWא
JWא amF
)F(
א(m)א)a(Kא
JאW 221
r
mmGF
)F(
،א)m( 1،אא)m( 2،אא)r(،אא)G(Kאא
JWאא
2o
o
tx)2/1(tvxx
txvv
)v(،אא)v( o،אאא)x(،אאא)x( o،אאאא)t(Kא
٣ J١אאאאאאאאאאא،א>אא
א)l(אא،)m(אאא،)T(،אא)g(K
٤ J١אאאאאאאאאאאא،אא>אאאאאW
JW kxF
)F(،א)x(،אאא)k(K
JאאW 221
r
mmGF
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
29
)F(،א)m( 1،אא)m( 2،אא)r(،אא)G(Kאא
٥ J١אאאאאאא א(MKS) א (CGS)K>א א א
(CGS)א؟> ٦ J١؟א
JK JK
JK
JK Kאאא ٧ J١א)m1037.6( 6W
Jאאא> Jאאאא>
Jאאאא>
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
30
א Optional Problems
١ J١אא)s.m103( 18 Kא>
אאאW KL LK
٢ J١ א א א א אא،א)u1(،א
)u1(K Jאא>
J אאא )kg104.1( 21 ،؟א
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
31
אאאא
אאאא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
32
Wאא
،אאאאאא א א א א،א א א א
K
Wאאא ١ JKאא،אא ٢ Jאאאאא
Kאא ٣ Jאאאאא
Kא ٤ Jאאאאאא
אKאא ٥ J،אא،א
Kאאאא
אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
33
אא אאאא
Scalars & Vectors
١ J٢ אIntroductionW א א א אscalarsא אvectorsא،אא،
، א ،א אאא(x-y plane)
א(x) א(y)אא א،א א אא(x)אcounter clockwise،
א א ، אKאאאא
٢ J٢ אאScalarsW א א scalar א א W
W ١ Jא magnitudeK ٢ Jmeasurment unitK
unit،W(5)،אא
א؟ אא א אא א W א(5 kg) א ، א ،
א א א א א ،א א א אאא،אאאK
אאא א אא ، אKאאאא
EFE
displac،acceler،
א
א
אF١١٥
cement
ration
ar אא
(10 N)
F١E
א،
א
א(xyz)K
forאא،veloא ،
rrow
אאאא א
אא
אא
(א
א،rce
ocity
א אאא
אא
(10 N)א
אK
34
א
(xy)
אmagא،
א ،א
(N-W،א
٢KE
)( F
א)
אא
VectW אא
magnitKאא
actionK actiK
אgnetic fie
אאאא W direct
(1 N)F١J
٢אE)
אאא(1אא
א
tors
W
tude
directio،n point
ion axis
אeld
mom Kא
،ion)
אא،
F١א J٢
א،135)
א
٢ אאאא
W אא
אon
א
אאmentum
،؛א אאא
א
،(45،א
אא
٣ J٢
١ J٢ J٣ J٤ J
א
،
א
אא
F١Eא5)
EFE
(F =
א
אאKAW
א
A()B(
K
אF١١٥
،אא
؛
אdding Ve
א
א)
א
W
،א
ctors: Gr
א א
)( B
،(A)
אאא W
אאraphical M
א
א،
)( A)
35
א(א
אא א
Method
،
אא
٢אE
אא
אE)F
אK؟،אא ،
F٢אJ
א
א)A(
،F١ J٢E
Wאאא
א
א٢ J٢KE
א
א)
א10אא
אאא
אא
K
Fא٢
אא
א0 N)
אא
٤ J٢ א
א
EFE
א)B(
א
)A(
(2-5
א،
)B(،
אאKא
?
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אאא Chapter Four Exercises & Problems
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126
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127
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128
،א Kאאאאאא،אאאKא
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אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
129
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אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
130
א א ،א א א אאאא.
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אאF١١٥EFE
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131
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132
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אאF١١٥EFE
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133
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אאF١١٥EFE
אאאא
134
EF. א:
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135
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Unit Four Questions
١١WW>אאאא>אאאא٢٢אאאאWאאאאW>>٣٣WW؟א אאאאאאא אא א؟א אאאאאאא אא א
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אאF١١٥EFE
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136
אאאאאא
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א א אא א ،א א א، אאא אא א
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٣ Jאאא SF6 Circuit Breaker אאאאאאאא
، א א ١١٠٠ .
אאF١١٥EFE
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137
אא אאאאאא SF6
אאאKK
אאF١١٥EFE
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138
אא אא א
אא Jא 978-603-503-187-7
אאא א١٤٣٣א
"Fundamentals of physics"
Halliday. Resniek. Walker. Ninth Edition K John Willey & sons.2001.
אאאאא
9960-659-39-9 رمك
EFא
אא 9960-37-260-x
א
אא Jא
אאאאאא
א אאא אאK
אא ١،٢
אK J אאאK
Practical physics(SI) E.Armitage
Physics Laboratory ExperimentsPhilip Dilavore
