5 :

5 5.65.55.45.35.25.15.7

5.1

5.1.15.1.25.1.35.1.45.1.55.1 5.1.6

5.1.1

5.1.1.1

5.1.1 5.1.1.2 1

W %;W %G0 g;Gw g

2 Gw6021032810hG0

2~3mm. 5.1.1

5.1.1 7~28%

:,,,:0~50%:

5.1.1.3 1 106%55%137%79%5.1.1

2

5.1.1 23~33%>100%>50%10~18%0

5.1.2 5.1.2.1 30%

5.1.3 5.1.3.1 :::(OH) :

?

5.1.3

:

5.1.3 5.1.3.2 :::

5.1.3 =W-W1%~5%2.5%

5.1.3.3 5.1.3

5.1.3

5.1.4 :: :

5.1.5 202020mm

5.1.6

4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.4

4.2.1 4.2.1.1 1 2

0.10.3%36%612%1-2

4.2.1.2 1

/%

2

4

1

1.2120.6240.4891

1.620.8280.501

2.10.8640.468

2.3881.2120.492

2.5561.3080.465

2.8321.4520.472

2.9641.5240.434

3.1081.5840.456

3.2041.6920.472

3.3961.7880.452

3.4561.8240.432

3.6121.80.394

3.4681.8720.384

4.142.0880.373

4.0922.1840.384

4.1762.1960.348

4.2242.1480.381

4.2842.1720.378

4.4282.1840.354

4.52.3160.342

4.5842.3040.339

4.7042.2920.342

4.7522.3160.301

4.6442.3280.322

4.7882.3640.319

4.7762.3760.334

4.7522.340.312

4.7282.3520.311

4.7162.340.298

4.9442.3160.299

4.7642.3880.301

4.742.3640.287

4.5362.3760.293

4.7882.4240.321

4.7522.4120.279

5.0282.5320.286

4.7162.3640.281

4.8722.460.279

4.742.4120.307

5.1722.3760.284

4.7762.3880.269

5.0042.4480.273

4.7642.4240.265

4.7522.3280.273

5.0522.3880.298

4.742.4120.268

4.7642.3640.254

tangetial

radial

Axial

,%

%

4-9

Sheet1

ringTtangetialRradialAxial

20.1011.2120.0520.6240.489

2.50.1351.6200.0690.8280.501

30.1752.1000.0720.8640.468

40.1992.3880.1011.2120.492

4.40.2132.5560.1091.3080.465

50.2362.8320.1211.4520.472

5.60.2472.9640.1271.5240.434

60.2593.1080.1321.5840.456

70.2673.2040.1411.6920.472

7.80.2833.3960.1491.7880.452

80.2883.4560.1521.8240.432

90.3013.6120.1501.8000.394

9.20.2893.4680.1561.8720.384

100.3454.1400.1742.0880.373

110.3414.0920.1822.1840.384

11.60.3484.1760.1832.1960.348

120.3524.2240.1792.1480.381

12.90.3574.2840.1812.1720.378

130.3694.4280.1822.1840.354

140.3754.5000.1932.3160.342

14.30.3824.5840.1922.3040.339

150.3924.7040.1912.2920.342

15.70.3964.7520.1932.3160.301

160.3874.6440.1942.3280.322

16.80.3994.7880.1972.3640.319

170.3984.7760.1982.3760.334

17.70.3964.7520.1952.3400.312

180.3944.7280.1962.3520.311

18.40.3934.7160.1952.3400.298

190.4124.9440.1932.3160.299

200.3974.7640.1992.3880.301

22.30.3954.7400.1972.3640.287

230.3784.5360.1982.3760.293

24.40.3994.7880.2022.4240.321

250.3964.7520.2012.4120.279

26.70.4195.0280.2112.5320.286

270.3934.7160.1972.3640.281

28.50.4064.8720.2052.4600.279

300.3954.7400.2012.4120.307

33.30.4315.1720.1982.3760.284

350.3984.7760.1992.3880.269

37.30.4175.0040.2042.4480.273

400.3974.7640.2022.4240.265

420.3964.7520.1942.3280.273

450.4215.0520.1992.3880.298

46.40.3954.7400.2012.4120.268

500.3974.7640.1972.3640.254

Sheet1

0001

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

tangetial

radial

Axial

Tree ring / a

Transversal shrinkage,%

Axial shrinkage,%

Fig Wood shrinkage percent of Chinese pine in different direction

Sheet2

Sheet3

4.2.2

4.2.2.1 1-1 1-2 2-1 2-2

C-CC-O1030o0.1-0.3%

4.2.2.2 1 2 3 4 5

4.2.3 4.2.3.1 1 W =(L max L w) 100% / L maxvW =(V max V w) 100% / V max

2 3 KKTKRKLKVKTRLW(W1W2)KVVw-Vo100% /Vo W 4

4.2.3.2 1202020mm2 202 2~36h0.02mm 6061032

4.2.4 4.2.4.1 1

()4-121 ()4-122 454-123 4-124 4-125 4-126 4-127

2

4.2.4.2

4.2.4 4.2.4.1

4.2.4.2 4.2.4.3

4.2.4.4 4.2.4.5

4.2.4.6

4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3

4.3.1 4.3.1.1

4.3.1.2

4.3.1.3

4.3.2 4.3.2.1 gcm3kgm31gcm3

4.3.2.2 1 2 3 4

4.3.2.3 1 2 3 4

4.3.3 4.3.3.1 4.3.3.2 1 2 3 4 5

4.4

4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 4.4.4 4.4.5

4.4.1 Q/tJ/KQt

4.4.2 4.4.2.1

4.4.2.2 1 2 3 4

4.4.3

4.4.4

4.4.5 4.4.5.1 180CO27.88%H24.21%CH411.36%C2H63.09%C2H43.72% 250290350450

4.4.5.2 4060

100

4.5 W

4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2

4.5.1 4.5.1.1 VIR= V/ILAm=R A/L = V A/ I LKSm

4.5.1.2

4.5.1.3 1 2 3 4

4.5.2

4.5.2.1 (Cw)C0

4.5.2.2 1 2 3 4

4.5.2.3 11000mm

4.5.2.4 1 ITIRcos

2() = tg, tg

31000

12~158%~12%

4.6 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.6.3 4.6.4. 4.6.5 4.6.6

4.6.1 Wcm2 1000Hz10-8 Wcrn2

4.6.2 vvv()v/ v =(E/E)1/2

(m/s)

4.6.3

a b1b2 c

4.6.3.1 ()LEvfrv = (E/)1/2fr = v/2L= (E/)1/2/2 L

4.6.3.2 ()

4.6.3.3

4.6.4. 4.6.4.1

4.6.4.2 RR = v / = (E/3 )1/2

4.6.4.3

=v = (E)1/2

4.6.5

4.6.5.1 104

4.6.5.2 2cm0.190%

4.6.5.3 (D)12

4.6.6 4.6.6.1 ()()

1

2

3

4.6.6.2

1() () 2FFT FFTFFT()(5)TimoshonkoEG

3 Eu

4 ()vvE

4.7

4.7 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.7.3 4.7.4

4.7.1

4.7.1.1

4.7.1.2 1/f(1/f)

4.7.1.3 80-120

4.7.1.4 1 2 3 45 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

(380nm)(780nm)380nm780nm

4.7.2 4.7.2.1

4.7.2.2 1

210mRmaxRrmsRrmsRmax2.35.7m2150m1.217.8m31262m

2

4.7.2.3

4.7.2.4 90%

4.7.3 4.7.3.1 700~900mL

4.7.3.2

()

4.7.3.3 4-243mm5.2mm39.5mm1016.4mm57.3mm1

4.7.4

4.7.4.1

4.7.4.2 60ppm90%5%100%

4.7.4.3

4.7.4.4 1 2 3 4