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-
, 2018 43
1 : Moschino ( 2017) [3, ], Moschino ( 2016) [3, ], Alexander
McQueen ( 2009) [3, ]
: Vogue Japan. 2014 [4]
Vogue. 2013 [5]
-
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Chanel. 2014 [6] 2
20082017 . :
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-
, 2018 45
3 : Jeremy Scott ( 2010/2011) [3, ], Jeremy Scott ( 2010/2011)
[3, ], Jean Paul Gaultier ( 2008) [3, ]
, - . , , , .
1. . . . : .: ; 3-, . : ; 928 ; 1996 .
2. . . . - . 2012 25.
3. Vogue http://www.vogue.ru . - 2017 / Ready-To-Wear / :
Moschino
http://www.vogue.ru/collection/spring_summer2017/ready-to-wear/milan/Moschino/
. - 2016/2017 / Ready-To-Wear / : Moschino
http://www.vogue.ru/collection/autumn_winter2016/ready-to-wear/milan/Moschino/
. - 2009/2010 / Ready-To-Wear / : Alexander McQueen
http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2009_10/ready-to-wear/paris/Alexander_
McQueen/ . - 2010/2011 / Ready-To-Wear / : - Jeremy Scott
http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2010_11/ready-to-wear/nyu-york/Jeremy_Scott/
. Jeremy Scott
http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2010_11/ready-to-wear/nyu-york/Jeremy_Scott
. Spring 2008 Couture Jean Paul Gaultier
http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2008-couture/jean-paul-gaultier
4. Intermoda.ru
http://www.intermoda.ru/cit/devushki-iz-lesa-osenniy-proekt-vogue-japan-oktyabr-2014.html
5. Hello-style
http://hello-style.ru/keti-perri-v-fotosessii-vogue/ 6.
Jetsetter.ua
http://jetsetter.ua/stati/novosti/karl-lagerfeld-sdelal-semku-s-konchitoy-
vurst.html 7. , . .
/ .. // . 2011. 25 (67). . 2131.
8. . . : , , . . - . ., , 2013 . 477 .
9. . . . . .: , 2016. 112 .
10. . ., . . ""
http://www.vogue.ru/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/spring_summer2017/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/spring_summer2017/ready-to-wear/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/spring_summer2017/ready-to-wear/milan/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/autumn_winter2016/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/autumn_winter2016/ready-to-wear/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/autumn_winter2016/ready-to-wear/milan/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2009_10/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2009_10/ready-to-wear/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2009_10/ready-to-wear/paris/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2010_11/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2010_11/ready-to-wear/http://www.vogue.ru/collection/fall_2010_11/ready-to-wear/nyu-york/http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2008-couturehttp://www.intermoda.ru/cit/devushki-iz-lesa-osenniy-proekt-vogue-japan-oktyabr-2014.htmlhttp://www.intermoda.ru/cit/devushki-iz-lesa-osenniy-proekt-vogue-japan-oktyabr-2014.html
-
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, , . , , . , , , , , , . : Are you happy? she said. Am I what?
he cried. But she was gone-running in the moonlight. Her front door
shut gently. Happy! Of all the nonsense. He stopped laughing. He
put his hand into the glove-hole of his front door and let it know
his touch. The front door slid open. Of course I'm happy. What does
she think? I'm not? he asked the quiet rooms. He was not happy. He
was not happy. He said the words to himself. He recognized this as
the true state of affairs. He wore his happiness like a mask and
the girl had run off across the lawn with the mask and there was
no
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-
, 2018 67
times. Then moaning, she ran forward, seized a book and ran
toward the kitchen incinerator. He caught her, shrieking. He held
her and she tried to fight away from him, scratching. No, Millie,
no! Wait! Stop it, will you? You don't know . . . stop it! He
slapped her face, he grabbed her again and shook her. She said his
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Play the man, Master Ridley; we shall this day light such a candle,
by God's grace, in England, as I trust shall never be put out.
Enough of that! said Beatty. Where are they? He slapped her face
with amazing objectivity and repeated the question. The old woman's
eyes came to a focus upon Beatty. You know where they are or you
wouldn't be here, she said. ( . , .
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Duo, you and I and the others. We stand against the small tide of
those who want to make everyone unhappy with conflicting theory and
thoughtHold steady. Don't let the torrent of melancholy and drear
philosophy drown our world. We depend on you. I don't think you
realize how important you are, to our happy world as it
stands now". (, , - , . , ! , . ! , , ).
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-
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the torrent of melancholy, drear, to drown our world. ,
. , . , .
1. , . ., . . : / . . , . . . .: , 2000. 551 .
2. , . : . . / . .: , 1999. 192 .
3. Bradbury, R. Fahrenheit 451 / R. Bradbury. P.: Simon &
Schuster, 2012 256 p. 4. , . . [ ]. 2003.
: http://www.philology.ru/linguistics2/tretyakova-00.html. :
25.02.2018.
5. , . . . [ ]. 2003. : http://irbis.asu.ru/mmc/
juris5/11.ru.shtml. : 28.02.2018.
81.243:378.6
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, . , . , , . , , . . . , , , . , . , , , . , , , , , , . , , .
, .
1. . . ( ), ., 1998.
2. . ., . . : . - . IV. ., 2014.
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, , , . ( ) . , , , , . , , , . , , .
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alarm or distress) , , , , , ; , , , , , , . :
;
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, , , . : , (insult):
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-
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1.
1 :
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3. .
4. , - .
5. , , , , .
1. Public Order Act 1986 // UK Legislation [Electronic
resource]. London, 2014. Mode of Access:
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/64/contents. Date of
Access: 20.02.2018.
2. Oxford English Dictionary [Electronic resource] // Oxford
University Press. Mode of Access:
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/insult. Date of
Access: 25.02.2018.
3. Cambridge Dictionary [Electronic resource] // Cambridge
University Press. Mode of Access:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/insult. Date of
Access: 25.02.2018.
4. Collins English Dictionary [Electronic resource] // English
Dictionary. Mode of Access:
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/insult. Date
of Access: 25.02.2018.
811.111255.2:6
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4. , . . / . . . : - . -, 1987. 200 .
https://www.twirpx.com/file/625377/
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, 2018 75
. , . , . , . , , . . , - . . , . , .. .
1. . . : : / . . . : , 2004. 294 .
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. , , : (34,95% 39,3 % ). : Spoken beautifully, Jessica. I
couldnt have said it any better myself And I definitely couldnt
have showed you what to do any better than Peter did. Thank you,
Peter [A1. P. 404-405]; Thats enough, Richard. Listen to your
brother for once I finally did. This does not come as a surprise to
your mother and me [A1. P. 424]. , 22,5 % 16,25 %. : , . , , , . ,
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hear me out. Let me explain [A2. P. 366-370]; , . , ?.. , , ? ? ?..
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-
, 2018 77
, , (8,8 %). , 1, (26 % 18,1 % ). , , : , 13,3 %, , 2,45 % . we
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-
78
, , () , . : , , . , , (88,35 %) (86,65 %), (77,1 %), , 67,55 %
64,65 % . 57,8 % ().
1. A1 Buyea, R. Mr. Terupt Falls Again / R. Buyea [Electronic
resource]. Mode of access:
http://robbuyea.com/books/mr_terupt_falls_again Date of access:
20.10.2014.
2. A2 Buyea, R. Because of Mr. Terupt / R. Buyea [Electronic
resource]. Mode of access:
http://robbuyea.com/books/because_of_mr_terupt Date of access:
20.10.2014.
3. B1 , . / . [ ]. :
http://www.litres.ru/masha-traub/dnevnik-mamy-pervoklassnika/ :
17.10.2014.
4. B2 , . . / . . [ ]. :
http://www.e-reading.club/bookreader.php/64784/Shvarc_-_Pervoklassnica.html
: 17.10.2014.
811.11112
:
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-
, 2018 79
[1, . 20]. , , . , , , (. . , . . , . . ). - : , [2, . 215]. . .
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81373.611: 811.111: 316.772
PERSPECTIVES OF POLITICAL NEOLOGISMS IN MODERN SOCIETY:
THE FINDINGS OF A SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEY
Kazimirova O.V.1, associate professor, Naidenok M.R.2,
student
1 Ivanovo state politechnological university, Ivanovo, Russian
Federation
2 Vitebsk State University named after P.M. Masherov, Vitebsk,
the Republic of Belarus
Abstract. In this work weve analyzed the modern perspectives of
the development of political neologisms. The analysis of political
neologisms allows us to investigate public attitude towards
politics and politicians as an arena for modern political
discourse.
Key words: neologism, sociolinguistic survey, political
discourse.
Every language rapidly reacts to the emergence of new social
phenomena, objects and activities which immediately undergo the
process of nomination. That is why the process of neologization is
at the core of modern studies. A neologism is a relatively recent
or isolated term, word, or phrase that may be in the process of
entering common use, but that has not yet been fully accepted into
mainstream language. The questions, devoted to the problems of
their origin and source, functions and mechanisms lie within the
field of the scientific interest.
Every particular sphere provides us with a wide number of
specific neologisms. They are created due to different
circumstances (as a result of new events or new inventions). But
their flexibility allows us to add more and more terms to the
vocabulary of neologisms every year. In our research weve decided
to deepen the knowledge about modern political neologisms and to
answer the question: Do people create and use new political
neologisms nowadays?
The aim of our work is to increase the knowledge of modern
political neologisms, their usage and occurrence. We applied
descriptive method, the method of continuous sampling and
questioning.
To complete our research we used different internet sites that
are not connected with linguistic sources, such as
http://ggeuniverse.forumotion.com/,
http://hodgepodge.forumotion.com/. We asked the users of these
sites several questions to comprehend the role of neologisms and
the frequency of their usage. We asked seventy-three persons who
belonged to different age groups:
-
84
Picture 1 Age groups, %
The first question was Do you know the meaning of the word
Neologism? Here we have very good results. 74% (44 probationers)
answered yes on this question and only 26% (19 probationers)
answered no.
Picture 2 The results of the first question, %
Then we asked the next question Do you use neologisms in your
daily life? From 54 tested who had answered yes on the previous
question only 74% (49 tested) said yes, I do while 26% (14 tested)
said no, I dont. We may certainly say that these results are very
efficient. More than 50% from the people we asked understand the
meaning of neologisms and use them in their speech.
up to 16
years old
16-25 years
old
25-50 years
old
50 and more
years old
Yes
No
-
, 2018 85
Picture 3 The results of the second question, %
The next question was Do you understand the notion of the
following words? A) Trumpism
(often meaning the exact opposite of the dictionary meaning), B)
Alternative facts (lies), C) Brexit (after the referendum held on
23rd June 2016, the fact that the United Kingdom voted to leave
the
European Union), D) Trumpology (the studies of unpredictable
politicians and their behavior), E)
Buyers remorse (a feeling of regret after you have made a big
decision with serious
consequences that you think may have been the wrong decision)?
We have chosen these words
because they belong to different classification groups. They
also cover different political issues
and have different levels of public popularity. The findings are
the following: A) 36% (26 tested) answered yes and 64% (47 tested)
answered no; B) 84% (61 tested) yes, 16% (12 tested)
no; C) 93% (68 tested) yes, 7% percent (5 tested) no; D) 18% (13
tested) yes, 82% (60
tested) no; E) 13% (11 tested) yes, 87% (64 tested) no.
Overall, our findings show that the most popular word is Brexit.
And thats not surprising. This
word was massively used by politicians and media sources. That
is why many people use it everywhere. Then comes the word
alternative facts. More than 50% know this word and use it.
We think that the results are so high because of the fact that
we used American sources and in the USA this word is widely spread
in many TV-shows and newspapers. Such words as trumpism,
trumpology, and buyers remorse gathered less than 50%. This
indicates that they are not very
popular. Still we dont find anything surprising here. Those
words were not used by authoritarian
politicians or published in different newspapers. Some of them
also imply negative meaning and its not politically correct to use
them frequently. Still there are people who use them and
consequently they may become popular. The final question of our
survey was Should words like these be included into dictionaries
and
used in the life? 58% (42 tested) answered yes and 42% (31
tested) answered no. We reckon
that weve received such results due to general uncertainty
toward neologisms. Most of new words
are strongly connected with one particular event or issue and
they cant be used somewhere else. Because of that fact there is no
importance in including them into dictionaries. Our tested see
that
as well. For now the usefulness of these neologisms is
questioned. And there cant be one answer
to the fact whether any of them should become an integral part
of daily life.
Yes
No
-
86
Picture 4 The results of the final question, %
Thus, our study showed that new political words are well-known
and used by people. They have perspectives for their further
development and study. And even now they play a significant role in
our society. People continue creating and using political
neologisms as a reflection to the newest political events and
issues. With the help of our sociolinguistic survey weve confirmed
that this tendency is still strong and widely spread.
677.023.77
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Should words like these be included into dictionaries
and used in the life?
-
, 2018 87
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rubescent ( ) abdomen. , , retrospect, / , , ruby, / , .
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this dull, tense day, on the way to the station to catch the St.
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-
, 2018 89
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Tales of Canterbury pilgrim. ( ).
-
, 2018 91
. Canterbury tales ( ). Canterbury pilgrim , , (The Times).
, , , : ) , ) , ) .
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2. , . . : 4 . / . . . .: , 1979. . . 1619 .
3. , . . / . . // . . 9, . 1997. 2. . 107117.
4. , . . / . . .: , 1989. 94 . 5. , . . : . .
. : 10.02.01 / . . . , 2000. 235 . 6. , . . /
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. . . .: 1981. 1360 . 8. , . . :
/ . . . .: A, 2000. 128 . 9. Dor, Daniel. On newspaper headlines
as relevance optimizers / Daniel Dor // Journal of
Pragmatics. 2003. 35. P. 695721.
811.111255.436
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, . , . , U.S. news World news (The Wall Street Journal), Sport
(The New York Times International). (International The New York
Times,The Wall Street Journal .) , , Opinion.
, , . , , , [3, . 127]. , : His tariffs will benefit a handful
of companies, at least for a while, but they will harm many more.
We have with us the biggest steel companies in the US. They used to
be a lot bigger, but theyre going to be a lot bigger again, Mr.
Trump declared ... No, they wont. The U.S. companies will raise
their prices to nearly match the tariffs while snatching some
market share. The additional profits will flow to executives in
higher bonuses and shareholders ( , ) (The Wall Street
Journal).
, :
1. . (As I watched, I recalled, Im not bringing this up to
suggest that (The New York Times International), . , , , , [1, .
74]. : The system Mr. Xi has created also makes it less likely he
will receive sound policy advice or be challenged on decisions in
ways that could avoid mistakes. Thats because he solidified his
power base during the first term by waging an aggressive campaign
against corruption and dissent, silencing political rivals and
stacking the ruling Politburo with loyalists reluctant to speak up.
( ) (The New York Times International).
2. - . , - (On the brutality front, They are playing a cynical
game (The New York Times International), but their state government
is awfully imperious, infectious, can-do enthusiasm (The Wall
Street Journal)); (True, inspectors, Hardly, the sessions. In fact,
the law, Despite the narrow scope (The Wall Street Journal)) .
3. . , , , .. , , , . . , [3, . 133]. , , / : America should not
abandon low Earth orbit. But that goal cannot be fulfilled by
clinging to the International Space Station indefinitely. It can
only be accomplished by commercial space stations, freeing NASA to
lead the great push to the moon, to Marsand beyond (The Wall Street
Journal) ( ).
. (Who wrote that book about Republican Party suicide again?
(The Wall Street Journal), Is this a democratic model youd stand in
front of a tank to import? (The New York Times International));
(Let me tell you, Let me try to explain (The New York Times
-
, 2018 93
International)); (We are a free society (The Wall Street
Journal), We need a new model of masculinity, We should tell (The
New York Times International)) , , / .
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2. / . . [ .], .-. . . . .: , , 2000. 272 .
3. , . . : / . . . .: , 2000. 312 .
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others] // Daily newspaper. 2018. 41,978 P. 16.
5. The Wall Street Journal / ed.by G. Baker. [and others] //
Daily newspaper. 2018. Vol. CCLXXI, 44. P. 49.
6. The Wall Street Journal / ed.by G. Baker. [and others] //
Daily newspaper. 2018. Vol. CCLXXI, 48. P. 34.
7. The Wall Street Journal / ed.by G. Baker. [and others] //
Daily newspaper. 2018. Vol. CCLXXI, 50. P. 44.
811.111242:378.14-057.87
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