Aim: How do these athletes get their energy to perform?

“Inquiring Minds Want to Know”

DO NOW: Trace the fate of a ham and cheese sandwich?

HOMEWORK: Textbook pgs. 231, 233-234 Q’s 1,4 p 236

#8

Cellular Respiration

The process of releasing energy stored in the bonds of glucose to a usable form of energy for cells.

All living things must carry out respiration to produce usable energy.

Reactants (Raw materials) of Respiration

GLUCOSE + OXYGEN

Products of Respiration

ENERGY + CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER

FORMULAS1. Word 2. Chemical

C6H12O6 + O2 ATP + CO2 + H2O

ENERGY

Combustion “burning” of wood

When materials are burned energy is released in the form of heat and light.

The “burning” of glucose

Glucose is slowly broken down with the help of enzymes.

The energy released is stored in molecules of ATP.

The process occurs in the mitochondria which known as the “powerhouse” of the cell.

Review:

Define cellular respiration.

What are the raw materials of respiration?

What are the products of respiration?

Which type of organisms perform the process respiration?

The ADP ATP cycle

ADP (Adenosine Di-Phosphate) is a low energy molecule

When sugar or foods are “burned” the energy stored in the bonds are used to convert ADP (low energy) to ATP (high

energy).

----

ADP + P --------------------ATP

Animation

ATP- Usable form of energy

ENERGY for life functions(used by cells to do work)

Muscle cells have large amounts of mitochondria and therefore they can do great amounts of work.

Remember the energy is stored in the bonds of the

foods you eat.

ATP is then created so that its bonds can be broken to provide energy for the cells

SUMMARY

Cells usually transfer the energy that is released directly to

1. glucose2. ATP3. oxygen4. enzymes

Raw Materials?

?

?

Products?

?

?

?

Energy from organic molecules can be stored in ATP molecules as a direct result of the process of

1. cellular respiration2. cellular reproduction3. diffusion4. digestion

All life depends on the availability of usable energy. This energy is released when

1.organisms convert solar energy into the chemical energy found in food molecules

2. respiration occurs in the cells of producers and high-energy molecules enter the atmosphere

3.cells carry out the process of respiration4.animal cells synthesize starch and carbon dioxide

Which molecule is represented by X?

1. DNA2. Starch3. Protein4. ATP

diagram below represents a biochemical process.

Aim: How are organisms adapted for cellular respiration?

Homework: Photosynthesis/Cell Respiration

Review Concept Sheet

A

CB

DO NOW: Copy and complete the chart

below and answer the question below.

Why is photosynthesis an important process to all living things?

Reverse of photosynthesis

Produces food (source of energy) for itself & all

other organisms

DO NOW:The diagram shows a mitochondrian.

All the arrows are associated with the process of

1. carbon fixation 2. photochemical reaction 3. synthesis 4. aerobic respiration

? ?

? glucose?

How does your body get the materials needed to start the

process?

How does your body get the materials needed to start

the process?

What materials are produced?

ATP Water

CO2

How could we investigate that CO2 is created as a waste product of cellular

respiration?

Bromoythymal Blue = Indicator for CO2 When CO2 is present

bromoylthymal blue changes

2 Types of Respiration

Aerobic: with oxygen

&

Anaerobic: without oxygen

Aerobic cell respiration

Organisms use oxygen in order to “burn” glucose. This is known as aerobic respiration.

Aerobic respiration releases 36 ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose burned!

Anaerobic Respiration

Bacteria and yeast cells are able to

carry out respiration in the absence of oxygen this is called anaerobic respiration.

Anaerobic respiration releases 2 ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose burned.

This is also called fermentation.

Summary questions:

Define cellular respiration.What are the raw materials of respiration?What are the products of respiration?Explain the relationship between glucose,

ADP and ATP?Differentiate between anaerobic and

aerobic respiration?Which type of respiration is more efficient

and why?Which organisms primarily use anaerobic

respiration?

Alcohol Fermentation

This process of converting glucose into lactic acid, acetic acid, and Ethanol (alcohol) because of an oxygen deficit.

Alcohol, bread and cider are created by a process called Alcohol fermentation.

Lactic Acid Fermentation

In humans, sometimes tired muscles burn because glucose was broken down without oxygen, this is called lactic acid fermentation. The results are sore painful muscles.

What’s missing?

Muscle fatigue

Which respiration is more efficient?

Anaerobic respiration produces only 2 ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose burned.

Aerobic respiration produces 36 ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose burned!

Compare and Contrast

Aerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration

Needs oxygen No oxygen needed

All organisms Some bacteria, fungi, muscles

Produces 36 ATP Produces 2 ATP

Occurs in mitochondria

Occurs in cytoplasm of the cell

All living things carry out respiration:

Bacteria, fungi, protists, plants, and animals!

The mitochondria – chloroplast connection:

Oxygen and glucose enter mitochondria and carbon dioxide is released.

Carbon dioxide enters chloroplast and oxygen and glucose are released.

The main result of aerobic respiration is the

1. conversion of radiant energy into chemical energy

2. production of lactic acid as an end product

3. storage of energy in a polysaccharide

4. production of ATP from the breakdown of glucose

Summary:

Summary

In what way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar?

1. They both occur in chloroplasts.2. They both require sunlight.3. They both involve organic and

inorganic molecules.4. They both require oxygen and

produce carbon dioxide.

Which statement best describes substance X?

1. It is oxygen released by protein synthesis.

2. It is glucose that was produced in photosynthesis.

3. It is starch that was produced during digestion.

4. It is carbon dioxide released by respiration.

SUMMARY continued:

The energy made from respiration is used to do what by living cells?

What is muscle fatigue?What is the relationship between

photosynthesis and respiration? Where in the cell do respiration and

photosynthesis occur?

ENERGY and Greg Valentine

After (Steroid use)

24in arms

In the Gym

27in. arms

AFTER THEY EXPLODED DUE TO BLOOD CLOTS

He went from This to This!

AIM: How do organisms obtain energy to perform life functions?

Do Now: Handout

Homework: Castle learning “photosynthesis and respiration”

Review:

Define cellular respiration.

What are the “GOESINTAS” (raw materials) of respiration?

What are the “COMEOUTAZ” (products) of respiration?

What type of organisms perform the process respiration?

Aim: How is ATP produced in

respiration?

Do Now: Answer 5 question on

handout

Homework: Castle learning