© Boardworks Ltd 2004 1 of 18 Attitudes towards Violence and Pacifism These icons indicate that teacher’s notes or useful web addresses are available in

© Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 18

Attitudes towards Violence and Pacifism

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What is pacifism?

The word pacifism comes from the Latin for ‘peacemaking’.

Some people say you can only be a pacifist if you refuse to use violence but others say that if you are a ‘peacemaker’ then you can use violence and still be called a pacifist. This is because violence is sometimes necessary to bring about peace and justice.


There are many questions that we might have to think about when considering pacifism. Here are a few. What do you think?

If your country is attacked, what should you do?If your country called you up to fight in a war which you believed was wrong, what should you do? If your government is not democratic and is not treating people in society fairly, what should you do?Should religious people ever fight in a war?How should you react to threats or violent situations which do not involve war?


Why are people pacifists?


Types of pacifism


Arguments against pacifism


Pacifism in the UK


A test of faith

During the First World War, a conscientious objector in Britain could go before a panel. If they proved their case they would be given non-combat duties, but if they did not prove their case, and still refused to fight, they could be sent to prison.

Some men found it very difficult as they were often kept in solitary confinement (to protect them from other prisoners who saw them as cowards, as well as for punishment). Others found that their faith supported them through the difficult times.


One man’s story – Fenner Brockway

“I am thoroughly well and happy. I do not seem to be in prison. You know how contentedly I entered; that feeling has remained all through. I am calmer in spirit than I have been for a long time…My cell has seemed a quiet retreat and within it I have rediscovered the power of prayer.”

Explain why you think that Fenner was able to cope so well with his imprisonment.


The Bible and pacifism


A history of Christian attitudes to war and pacifism


that war is an ‘unwanted obligation’, but if it becomes necessary it should be carried out humanely and ended as swiftly as possible.that Allah does not approve of war. ‘Each time they kindle the fire of war, Allah extinguishes it.’ Surat al-Ma’ida: 64that Allah allows war to defend the faith. ‘Permission to fight is given to those who are fought against because they have been wronged…merely for saying “Our Lord is God’’.’ Surat al-Hajj: 39-40That if war is necessary to defend faith it should be conducted justly. ‘Do not let hatred for a people incite you into not being just.’ Surat al-Ma’ida: 8

The Koran and pacifism

The Koran teaches:


Islam and pacifism


Judaism and pacifism


Hinduism and non-violence


Ghandi


What do we mean by non-violence?


The United Nations – working for peace

Documents

© Boardworks Ltd 2004 1 of 18 Attitudes towards Violence and Pacifism These icons indicate that teacher’s notes or useful web addresses are available in