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Warm-Up
Define fascism What are the main two objectives of the
Nazi Party? Identify:
Sigmund Freud Albert Einstein Pablo Picasso
Rise of NationalismChina – Sun Yat-sen
Known as “Father of the Revolution”
Attempted to bring democratic revolution to China
He succeeded but later taken away by dictator
Ideas fueled revolutionary fervor of early 20th century, became basis for Nationalist gov’t led by Chiang Kai-shek in 1928
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O3KtGgmAOaQ
Rise of NationalismOttoman Empire - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
“Father of the Turks” Military/Political
leader, transformed Ottoman Empire into modern Turkey
Turned Turkey into a secular country
Rise of NationalismIndia – Mohandas Gandhi
Hindu - Led non-violent demonstrations, practiced civil disobedience (deliberate & public refusal to obey unjust law), & boycotts to weaken British control
In favor of independence https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQBgy1yrdHg
Aggressors Invade NationsSept. 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria
Sept. 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria
Manchuria rich in coal & iron – valuable to Japan
Japan is an island nation and had very few resources.
Aggressors Invade Nations
Result? League of Nations protested – did nothing else Japan ignored protests Pulled out of League in 1933
Aggressors Invade Nations
Oct. 1935: Italy attacks Ethiopia
Because Mussolini wanted to avenge Ethiopian victory from 1890s Mussolini
dreamed of Italian Empire in Africa
Aggressors Invade Nations
Result? Italy won easily Emperor of Ethiopia pleaded w/ League of
Nations for help – they did nothing in hopes of keeping the peace in Europe
Aggressors Invade NationsMarch 1936: Germany occupies Rhineland
March 1936: Germany occupies Rhineland Hitler Violates Treaty of Versailles
Rebuilding Germany’s army Invaded Rhineland
Aggressors Invade Nations
Result? British & French appeasement (giving in to
keep peace) Marked turning point in march toward war:
Strengthened Hitler’s power & prestige Balance of power shifted in Germany’s favor Weak response by Britain & France encouraged
Hitler to speed up expansion
Aggressors Invade Nations
Alliance Formed Hitler forms Axis Powers with Mussolini and
Japan
Aggressors Invade Nations July 1937: Japan invades China Rape of Nanjing:
Japanese army killed 200,000-300,000 Chinese civilians in about 2 months
Committed rape, arson, looting, & executed prisoners of war & civilians
https:// https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBmSTK8JALk&oref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DZBmSTK8JALk&has_verified=1
Sept. 1938: Munich Conference is Held
Why was it held? Hitler demanded Czechoslovakia give up part
of its land to Germany (Sudetenland) Czechoslovakia refused – Conference held to
solve problem
Aggressors Invade NationsSept. 1938: Munich Conference is Held
Was it successful? No – Germany allowed to take Sudetenland,
but promised to respect new Czech. Borders A few months later, he took entire country
Aggressors Invade Nations
April 1939: Franco becomes Spanish dictator
Civil War Broke out in 1936 Army led by Franco – revolted against gov’t
run by liberals & socialists Hitler, Mussolini, Soviet Union sent aid (army
backed by Spanish fascists) Training ground for Hitler’s troops
Gov’t resistance collapsed
Aggressors Invade Nations
Aug. 1939: Germany & USSR sign non-aggression pact
Why did enemies sign a pact? Germany did not want USSR getting in the
way in Poland Soviet Union wanted to avoid war with
Germany & upset about how they were treated by other Allies at the end of World War I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukUw3RHIBrY
EA 11-6
Get in groups of two or three Choose an Axis Country Create the axis country's flag you chose Research what your country wanted and why
they joined the Axis Power Be prepared to discuss your findings
EA 4/22
Complete Yesterday’s worksheet Read and answer questions on pg 920
#’s 1-18