RUSSIA

Russia during the Post Classical Time Period

₪ Kieven Rus

₪ Vladimir I- forced conversions

₪ Church-State tied

₪ Marital alliances

₪ Mongol Invaders left aristocratic boyars

Politics: Post Classical Period

₪ Trade reliant state

₪ Non-diversified trade

Economy: Post Classical Period

₪ Orthodox Christianity- from Vladimir I

₪ Created Russian-Orthodox Church

₪ Church had great power

Religion: Post Classical Period

₪ Religious literature

₪ Religious art and architecture

₪ Aristocratic boyars

₪ Free farming peasants

Culture: Post Classical Period

₪ Byzantines: trade, religion, culture

₪ Invasion by Mongols

Interactions: Post Classical Period

A comparison of Russia and the Byzantines

Russia (Keivan Rus) Byzantine Empire

₪ Orthodox Christianity₪ Reliance on Trade₪ No middle class₪ Small artisan class₪ Clasical Greek/Roman

Ideas₪ Church/State tied₪ Non-diversified trade

network

₪ Orthodox Christianity₪ Reliance on Trade₪ Small Middle Class₪ Large Artisan Class₪ Classical

Greek/Roman Ideas₪ Church/State tied₪ Diversified trade

network

₪ Economy always tied with Byzantine’s economy

₪ Religion influential in cultural and political life

₪ Center of power shifts from Kiev to Moscow when the Mongols invade

₪ Mongols cause feudal system to implement b/c of need for protection by peasants

Continuities and Changes

Russia: The Early Modern Time Period

Liberation from MongolsExpansionPeter the Great- authoritarian, selective

westernization,Catherine the Great- Pugachev Rebellion,

selective westernization, growing boyar power

Partition of Poland feudalism

Politics: Early Modern Time

Peter the Great and Catherine The Great

Manoralism

Fur Trading

Economy: Early Modern Time

Russian Orthodoxy

Church/State Tied

Religion: Early Modern Time

Harsh serfdom

Inheritable serfdom

No middle class

Few artisans

Social unrest

Cossaks

Culture: Early Modern Time

Expansion: Ottoman Empire, Siberia, Alaska, Sweden

Partition of PolandWesternization

Interactions: Early Modern Time

A comparison of Russia and Japan

Russia Japan

Selective Westernization

Feudal Society Remained Involved in

European Affairs Christian(Orthodox)

Selective Westernization

Feudal Society Self-Imposed Isolation Anti-Christian

Remained feudalWesternization

only effecting upper class

Expansion Russian OrthodoxyAuthoritarian Gov’t

Capital moved from Moscow to St. Petersburg

Continuities and Changes

Russia in the Industrial Age

Anti-Westernization (French Revolution) Westernization Expansion Authoritarian Rise of Anarchists and Communists

(Bolsheviks)

Politics: Industrial Age

Defeat in Crimean War

Decembrist Revolt

Westernization

Defeat in Russo-

Japanese War

Revolution of 1905

Duma and Stolypin Reforms

Politics: Industrial Age Flow Chart

The Revolution of 1905: Bloody Sunday

Gov’t Regulation

Foreign Investment

Manufacturing and city growth

Grain trade with Western Europe

Economy: Industrial Age

Growing secularism

Church no longer politically influential

Religion: Industrial Age

End to Feudalism Emergence of Proletariat class Anarchist movements had little support Poverty filled No middle class Social unrest

Culture: Industrial Age

Crimean War- Ottomans and Britain Russo-Japanese War- Japan Grain Trade with Western Europe Foreign Investment Freedom of Slavic Nations Holy Alliance

Interactions: Industrial Age

A comparison of Russia and the Ottomans

Russia Ottoman Empire

Westernization/ Industrialization of army

Inner social unrest Revolutions put down Growing threat of

nationalism Emerging Empire

Westernization/ Industrialization of army

Inner social unrest Revolutions

succeeded Growing threat of

nationalism Waning Empire

Remained authoritarian

Social unrest Expansion High poverty levels No middle class

Ended feudalism in 1861

Anti-Westernization to Westernization

Continuities and Changes

The Russia of the Modern Time Period

WWI End to tsarist rule Treaty of Brest-Litvosk Spread of communism Lenin and Stalin United Socialist Soviet Republic (USSR) WWII Cold War

Politics: The Modern Time

WWI Revolution of 1917

Nationalist Liberal Party

Lenin and the Bolsheviks Stalin

WWII

Politics: The Modern Time Flow Chart

Fell during WWI Food shortages Rose during the 1920’s New Economic Policy under Lenin: freedom

for individual advancement Fully industrialized between 1920-1950 State controlled economy

Economy: The Modern Time

Growing secularism

Religion banned under Stalin

Religion: The Modern Time

Poverty of the masses Under Stalin: totalitarian state

◦ Anti-western art, architecture, and music◦ Persecuted scientists who interfered with Marxism

Women subordinate After WWII

◦ Looser controls on music and literature◦ Organized sports◦ Sciences gov’t funded

Culture: The Modern Time

WWI WWII Spread of Communism- China, Japan, East

Europe, South East Asia, Cuba, South America, Middle East

USSR Cold War

Interactions: The Modern Time

A comparison of Russia and Germany

Russia Germany

Communist regime overthrows liberal regime

Totalitarian Large, poorly trained

army Forced to sign

disadvantageous treaty (Treaty of Brest-Litvosk)

Fascist regime overthrows liberal regime

Totalitarian Smaller, well trained

army Forced to sign

disadvantageous treaty (Treaty of Versailles)

High poverty levels remain

Land reforms unsuccessful

End to tsarist reign-1917

Beginning of Communist rule- 1919

Successful Industrialization

Continuities and Changes