© OECD/IEA, 2007

The IEA and the Growing Need The IEA and the Growing Need for more Energy Statisticsfor more Energy Statistics

Jean-Yves GarnierSharon Burghgraeve

Energy Statistics DivisionInternational Energy Agency

ESDS International Annual Conference 2007ESDS International Annual Conference 2007London, 3 December 2007London, 3 December 2007

© OECD/IEA, 2007

A few Words on the IEAA few Words on the IEA

Member countriesMember countries

IEAOECDIEAOECD

Autonomous Agency of the OECD Established in 1974 after 1st Oil Crisis 28 Members Countries (vs. 30 for OECD) 3 Es: Energy security, Economy and Environment

Autonomous Agency of the OECD Established in 1974 after 1st Oil Crisis 28 Members Countries (vs. 30 for OECD) 3 Es: Energy security, Economy and Environment

© OECD/IEA, 2007

How IEA Statistics developed over timeHow IEA Statistics developed over time

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US$/bl

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US$/bl

Data Diversity (gas, coal, electricity)

Oil prices at $37/bl Emissions

Rio SummitRio SummitKyoto ProtocolKyoto Protocol

Data Production

Imports/Exports Stocks

Data Consumption Transformation

Establishment of the IEAEstablishment of the IEA

Prices escalatingPrices escalating

Data End-Use

Socio-Economic Production

Efficiency Efficiency

Efficiency

1st Oil Crisis1st Oil Crisis 2nd Oil Crisis2nd Oil Crisis

Dependency Price

Security

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Five Annual Energy QuestionnairesFive Annual Energy Questionnaires

Other Annual:Other Annual: Energy Forecast and R&D Budget for IEAEnergy Forecast and R&D Budget for IEA

Monthly Questionnaires:Monthly Questionnaires:Monthly Oil and Gas Statistics,Monthly Oil and Gas Statistics, Joint Oil Data InitiativeJoint Oil Data InitiativeElectricity production and tradeElectricity production and trade

Exceptional Questionnaires:Exceptional Questionnaires: Mainly in case of oil crisis, Mainly in case of oil crisis, or ad-hoc activities (e.g.: Non-Energy Use Network)or ad-hoc activities (e.g.: Non-Energy Use Network)

How OECD data are collectedHow OECD data are collected

Quarterly Questionnaires:Quarterly Questionnaires: Prices and Taxes questionnairePrices and Taxes questionnaire

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Prepared in June-July

National Administrations

National Administrations

Sent at end July

Work from August to September

Sent back to the IEA before end of September

Queries

Checking the data is a long processChecking the data is a long process

© OECD/IEA, 2007

ProductionProductionImport Import ExportExport

International Marine BunkersInternational Marine Bunkers Stock ChangesStock Changes Domestic SupplyDomestic Supply

TransfersTransfers Statistical DifferencesStatistical Differences

Transformation Sector Transformation Sector (18 sub-sectors)(18 sub-sectors) Energy Sector Energy Sector (16 sub-sectors)(16 sub-sectors)

Distribution LossesDistribution Losses

Final ConsumptionFinal ConsumptionIndustry Sector Industry Sector (13 sub-sectors)(13 sub-sectors)Transport Transport (7 sub-sectors)(7 sub-sectors)Other Sectors Other Sectors (4 sub-sectors)(4 sub-sectors)Non Energy UsesNon Energy Uses

Electricity and Heat Outputs Electricity and Heat Outputs

What flows are collected?What flows are collected?

TOTAL: 95 FLOWSTOTAL: 95 FLOWS

© OECD/IEA, 2007

What products are collected?What products are collected?

Coal (17 products/categories)Coal (17 products/categories)

Natural gas Natural gas

Crude Oil and Petroleum products (25 products)Crude Oil and Petroleum products (25 products)

Nuclear EnergyNuclear Energy

Hydro EnergyHydro Energy

Renewable Energy (19 products/categories)Renewable Energy (19 products/categories)

Waste Energy (3 products/categories)Waste Energy (3 products/categories)

ElectricityElectricity

Heat (7 categories)Heat (7 categories)

TOTAL: over 75 products/categoriesTOTAL: over 75 products/categories

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Latin America(22 countries)

Africa(26 countries)

Former Soviet Union (15 countries)

Middle East (13 countries)

OECD (30 countries)

Non OECD Europe(11 countries)

Asia(17 countries)

Data are collected, processed and published for over 130 countries

Data are collected, processed and published for over 130 countries

How non-OECD data are collectedHow non-OECD data are collected

© OECD/IEA, 2007

How non-OECD data are collectedHow non-OECD data are collected (cont.)(cont.)

FAOUN EUROSTAT

WORLD BANK

OPEC

OAPEC

AFREPREN

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar April May June July Aug Sep

Questionnaires

Processing

Databases

Publications and CD-ROMS

The annual IEA statistics cycleThe annual IEA statistics cycle

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Books

CDs

Internet

Free access to AdministrationsFree access to Administrations Subscription for othersSubscription for others Pay-per-view also availablePay-per-view also available

Most visited page on the IEA website

How can users access IEA dataHow can users access IEA data

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Liberalisation of the market: From one company to hundreds

Confidentiality (linked to liberalisation)

More work passed to statistics offices:More companies to survey (liberalisation)

Renewables (remote information)

Energy efficiency indicators (including socio-economic data)

Environment (estimation of GHG emissions, ….)

Etc.

Resources do not follow work load:Statistics still have a low profile, budget cuts

Fast turnover in staff: lack of experience, continuityFast turnover in staffFast turnover in staff

Problems encountered in energy statisticsProblems encountered in energy statistics

© OECD/IEA, 2007

The past situation in energy statistics officesThe past situation in energy statistics offices

20s

40s

30s

50s

Retirement age

gaining experience passing experience

© OECD/IEA, 2007

20s

The current situationThe current situation

efficiency

environment

modelling

Temptation to move away from statistics is high Young statisticians only stay a few years Not enough time to have a full grasp of energy statistics No time to transmit their expertise

Temptation to move away from statistics is high Young statisticians only stay a few years Not enough time to have a full grasp of energy statistics No time to transmit their expertise

40s

30s

50s

Retirement age

policy

private sector

© OECD/IEA, 2007

How the IEA tackles these problemsHow the IEA tackles these problems

Facilitating the work of newcomers in statistics:

Energy Statistics Manual

User-friendly electronic questionnaires

Training

Raising the profile of energy statistics and the role of statisticians

Ministerial meetings

Governing Board Meetings

Harmonisation and Cooperation

© OECD/IEA, 2007

A user-friendly manual to give necessary information to newcomers to understand/complete annual questionnaires

A user-friendly manual to give necessary information to newcomers to understand/complete annual questionnaires

Facilitating Facilitating the work of the work of newcomersnewcomersin statisticsin statistics

© OECD/IEA, 2007

© OECD/IEA, 2007

© OECD/IEA, 2007

The Manual is available in six languagesThe Manual is available in six languages

SpanishSpanish RussianRussian ChineseChinese

EnglishEnglish FrenchFrench GermanGerman

An Arabic version is under preparationAn Arabic version is under preparation

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Raising the profile of statistics and the role of statisticians

No direct link

between policy

makers and

statisticians

No direct link

between policy

makers and

statisticians

Current

Current

situation

situation

Current

Current

situation

situation

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Decision makersNeed the right data

immediatelyAllocation of resources

Decision makersNeed the right data

immediatelyAllocation of resources

Prime users of the data Advisors to policy makers Interface between policy

makers and statisticians Lobby Comments on data

Prime users of the data Advisors to policy makers Interface between policy

makers and statisticians Lobby Comments on data

The ones who do the work Should be fully involved in

the whole process Statisticians need to

understand why they collect the data

Policy makers need to understand the problems faced by statisticians

The ones who do the work Should be fully involved in

the whole process Statisticians need to

understand why they collect the data

Policy makers need to understand the problems faced by statisticians

In fact, the relationship between policy makers, In fact, the relationship between policy makers, analysts and statisticians should be more based analysts and statisticians should be more based

on a 3-way streeton a 3-way street

© OECD/IEA, 2007

On 19 November 2005, an example of how the profile of statistics can On 19 November 2005, an example of how the profile of statistics can be raised is the launch of the JODI Database by King Abdullahbe raised is the launch of the JODI Database by King Abdullah

Raising the profile

Raising the profile

© OECD/IEA, 2007

UN

Secretaria de EnergíaMexico

Harmonisation and CooperationHarmonisation and CooperationMexico is a member country of 4 major organisations

1995 1996 1997 1998APEC 2653 2903 3087 3134IEA 2741 2872 3062 3109OLADE 2722 2969 3022 3070OPEC 2618 2858 3022 3071UN 2834 2977 3166

Crude Oil Production for Mexico (in kbd)

3210

5% gap5% gap5% gap5% gap

© OECD/IEA, 2007

25 international/regional organisations

Both data providers and users

Harmonisation of definitions

Common training sessions

A joint website

Strengthening Harmonisation and CooperationStrengthening Harmonisation and Cooperation22ndnd InterEnerStat Workshop InterEnerStat Workshop

19-20 November 2007, IEA, Paris19-20 November 2007, IEA, Paris

© OECD/IEA, 2007

Objectives of the siteProvide a wealth of information on energy statistics

Definitions Methodology Units Reference documents

Portal to databases

Highlight differences and similarities in definitions

Objectives of the siteProvide a wealth of information on energy statistics

Definitions Methodology Units Reference documents

Portal to databases

Highlight differences and similarities in definitions

http://www.iea.org/interenerstat/http://www.iea.org/interenerstat/

© OECD/IEA, 2007

An easy way to identify differences and similarities.A first step towards harmonisation.

An easy way to identify differences and similarities.A first step towards harmonisation.

© OECD/IEA, 2007

The ultimate goal would be to have one questionnaire The ultimate goal would be to have one questionnaire common to all countries and organisationscommon to all countries and organisations

WORLD BANK

FAO

UNEUROSTAT

OPEC

OAPEC

?

Dream or reality?Dream or reality?

© OECD/IEA, 2007

A few Words to ConcludeA few Words to Conclude

Understanding the energy situation and markets is a necessity: Oil is the most traded commodity clear impact on global economy Surplus capacities are limited, dependency on fewer and fewer countries leads

to major energy security issues More than 80% of CO2 emissions come from fuel combustion

Responding to the ever-growing need for more detailed, timely and reliable data has at least three dimensions:

Horizontal: more products (e.g. biofuels) Vertical: more flows (e.g. end uses) Global: non-OECD consumption overtook OECD consumption in 2004

The IEA has embarked on several initiatives to respond to these needs both with OECD member countries as well as with key countries (China, India, Russia) and organisations

It is our hope and wish to further improve coverage, timeliness and quality of the data we provide to our users all around the world

Thank youThank you