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Senior HealthCardiovascular Diseases

Miss Toritto

Objectives

Student will be able to identify and describe risk factors in relation to cardiovascular diseases.

Student will be able to display understanding of a heart attack, stroke, arrhythmia, congestive heart failure and stenosis.

Student will be able to apply knowledge of cardiovascular diseases through evaluating an individual’s lifestyle and measuring the likelihood of that person developing arteriosclerosis as a result.

Do Now

Daily Recording Calendar

What impacts your heart health? List some ways that your can positively/negatively influence your heart health.

Did you know?

16 million Americans are living with heart disease

Each year, nearly half a million die from it

Commonly, a heart attack is the first sign of heart disease

What is a cardiovascular disease?

#1 death globally

Heart and blood vessel disease, also called heart disease

Includes many problems, many of which are related to arteriosclerosis

What is arteriosclerosis?

“Hardening of the arteries”

Causes many heart attacks,

many strokes, and affects many

other organs

PLAQUE= Fatty buildup on arterial walls

http://watchlearnlive.heart.org/CVML_Player.php?moduleSelect=athero

What are the risks?

What are the risks for developing arterial disease?

High blood pressure

Cholesterol

Cigarettes

Diabetes

Family history

Low “good” cholesterol (HDL)

High “bad” cholesterol (LDL)

What is a heart attack?

Blocked blood flow to heart,

caused by blood clot

If the clot cuts off blood flow

completely, the part of the heart

supplied by that artery begins to die

What is a stroke?

Cause:

Cerebral Thrombosis: A blood clot (thrombosis) in

a cerebral artery or vein that

supplies blood to the brain

“Brain attack”

What is a stroke?

How does it happen?

Occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain stops, caused by a blood clot

If flow is stopped for longer than a couple seconds, brain cannot get oxygen/blood

Brain cells die, leading to possible permanent brain damage

Stroke Risk Factors

High blood pressure

Diabetes

Family history

High cholesterol

Age

Race

Unhealthy Lifestyle

Types of Stroke

Ischemic Stroke: Occurs as a result of an obstruction

within a blood vessel supplying blood

to the brain

Hemorrhagic Stroke: Results from a weakened vessel

that ruptures and bleeds into the

surrounding brain

Congestive Heart Failure

Does heart failure mean the heart stops beating?

What is congestive heart failure?

“Can’t keep up”

The heart is not pumping blood as well as it should

Heart keeps working but body’s need for blood and oxygen is not being met

If not treated, can get worse

What is an arrhythmia?

“Abnormal rhythm”

Heart can beat too fast, too slow or irregularly Can affect how the heart works

TOO SLOW=Bradycardia: Less than 60 beats

per minute

TOO FAST=Tachycardia: More than 100

beats per minute

IRREGULAR= Atrial Fibrillation: Quivering

What is stenosis?

“Heart valve problems”

Valves do not open enough to

allow blood to flow through

Regurgitation: Heart valves do not close properly,

allowing blood to leak through

Mitral Valve Prolapse: Valve not closed, allow blood to flow

backwards into chamber

Treatment

Who is at risk for developing

arteriosclerosis? Framingham Heart Study: Risk Calculator

With your group, read over the scenario you were given

Calculate the person’s risk for developing arteriosclerosis using the “risk calculator”

To access risk calculator: Type ‘Framingham risk calculator’ in Google. Click on the first link

Record the risk percentage and answer the questions that follow with your group

Be ready to share your finding with the rest of the class