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Name_________________________________
LATINLEVEL 1
everything elsepronouns – prepositions – adjectives – adverbs -
conjunctions
ContentsPage2 NOUNS introduction3-7 CASES8-12 PUELLA - 1st declension – subject and object, singular and plural13 PUELLA – vocabulary crossword14-21 PUELLA – 1st declension – all cases22-30 DOMINUS – 2nd declension – subject and object31-37 DOMINUS - 2nd declension – all cases38 PUER – 2nd declension –er39-46 BELLUM – 2nd declension neuter – all cases47 TABLES48 VOCABULARY
FORM 6 – PRONOUNS – THE BASICS
1.ENGLISH PRO-NOUNS
A pro-noun takes the place of a noun. ‘The king’ would become ‘he’.
A personal pro-noun is used for people and things: words like I, you, him, she, it.
Replace the crossed-out nouns with a pronoun.
1.The king yawned. The king looked out of the window = The king yawned. ______ looked out of the window.
2.The girls laughed when the girls saw the boy fall over = The girls laughed when ______ saw the boy fall over.
3.The girl sailed so fast that the girl won the race = The girl sailed so fast that __________ won the race.
4.The car was so fast that the car always won = The car was so fast that ________ always won.
5.After the boy had eaten a whale, the boy exploded = After the boy had eaten a whale, _____ exploded.
Fill in the blanks with a good pronoun.
1.“_____ am very angry with you,” said the postman to the dog who had just eaten his lunch.
2.“_____ are very pleased with the season,” said the Leicester fans.
3.”______ are a very naughty boy!” said the boy to the puppy as it peed in his shoe.
4.“______ are very clever boys,” said the teacher to Form 6.
5.”Help _______!” shouted the drowning man.
6.”Leave ______ alone!” said the teacher as he stopped some pupils annoying another pupil.
7.”Cats are ____ favourite animal,” said Anton.
8.”Bananas are _______ favourite fruit,” said the monkeys as they chomped a banana plant.
9.”Is that ______ baby?” said the man to a woman pushing a pram. [Lots of right answers for this one]
10.”That’s ______ money!” said the boy. [Lots of right answers]
Circle the pronouns in this box. There are 12.
Frog Banana He Karate Shoot Me And My
You Them Orangutan Towards His SwordDive Us
Their King Your She Pooperscooper WeDogIt Gun Fun They Tomato Her Nose
What pronoun goes with each picture?
2. LATIN PRO-NOUNS
‘I’ ‘You’ We You [pl]
NOM EGO I TU You (s) [subj] NOS We VOS You (pl) [subj]
ACC ME Me TE You (s) [obj] NOS Us VOS You (pl) [obj]
If I have a big EGO I think I’m special
French style
Latin French Latin French Latin French Latin French
NOM EGO Je TU Tu NOS Nous VOS Vous
ACC ME Me TE Te NOS Nous VOS Vous
Try a bit of French
Tu me vois = you see me Je te vois = _____ see ________ Nous allons = ____ go
Tu nous vois = ______ see _____ Je vous vois = ___ see ________ Vous allez = _________________
NB you don’t need to write ‘EGO AMO = I love’ because ‘AMO’ already means ‘I love’.
You would use EGO if you wanted to emphasise that I am doing the loving, not someone else
Circle the correct answers
1. I love the girl = [ego/me/tu] puellam amo 7.YOU (PL) eat food = [tu/te/vos] cibum consumitis
2.The girl loves me = puella [ego/me/te] amat 8. The girl sees you (pl) = puella [vos/tu/te] videt
3. YOU (S) love the girl = [tu/te/vos] puellam amas 9.YOU (S) like me = [tu/te/vos] [ego/me/te] amas
4. The girl loves you (s) = puella [tu/te/vos] amat 10.I like you (s) = [ego/me/tu] [tu/te/me] amas
5. WE love the girl = [nos/vos/tu] puellam amamus 11.YOU (PL) like us = [tu/te/vos] [nos/vos/ne] amatis
6. The girl looks for us = puella [nos/vos/me] petit 12.WE like you (pl) = [nos/vos/te] [tu/te/vos] amamus
Translate the sentences
1.puella me amat _____________________________ 5.ego puellam amo _________________________________
2.puella te amat ______________________________ 6.tu puellam amas _________________________________
3.puella nos amat _____________________________ 7.nos puellam amamus ______________________________
4.puella vos amat _____________________________ 8.vos puellam amatis________________________________
9.cur regina non me amat? _________________________________________________________________________
10.quod tu non bene curris ________________________________________________________________________
11.ego te amo sed tu non me amas__________________________________________________________________
12.tu me oppugnas et ego te vulnero________________________________________________________________
13.nos vos pugnamus et vos nos necatis______________________________________________________________
14.The girl watches me = puella _____ spectat 16.The girl watches us = _____________________________
15.The girl watches you (s) = puella _____ spectat 17.The girl watches you (pl) = _________________________
Prepositions F6: to, with and in/into
1.‘to’
If you can replace ‘to’ with ‘towards’, use ad + accusative
Giving etc.: DATIVE – motion not important Going: AD + ACCUSATIVE – motion main idea
I give a banana to the girl I walk to-wards the girl
bananam puellae do ad puellam ambulo
1.I give a spear to the sailor = hastam [nautae/ad nautam] do
2.I hurry to the sailor = [nautae/ad nautam] festino
3.I give an arrow to the farmer = sagittam [agricolae/ad agricolam] do
4.I run to the farmer = [agricolae/ad agricolam] curro
5.I show a banana to the poets = bananam [poetis/ad poetas] ostendo
6.I walk to the poets = [poetis/ad poetas] ambulo
7.I offer a chicken to the inhabitants = pullem [incolis/ad incolas] offero
8.I sail to the inhabitants = [incolis/ad incolas] navigo
9.I hand a potato over to the girl = terraepomum [puellae/ad puellam] trado
10.I charge to the girl = [puellae/ad puellam] ruo
2.’with’
If ‘with’ means ‘in the company of’, use cum + ablative
‘With’: ABLATIVE [rare with people] ‘In the company of’: CUM + ABLATIVE [rare with things]
I wound the sailor with spears I walk with the girl
nautam hastis vulnero cum puella ambulo
This is technically the ‘ablative of instrument’, i.e. you wound the sailor WITH an instrument.
1.We are walking with the small horse = [equo/cum equo] parvo ambulamus
2.We beat the slave with the small horse = servum [equo/cum equo] parvo verberamus
3.We are playing with the girl = [puella/cum puella] ludimus
4.We are hitting a tree with the girl = arborem [puella/cum puella] verberamus
5.We are hitting the slave with a spear = servum [hasta/cum hasta] verberamus
6.We are talking with friends = [amicis/cum amicis] dicimus
7.We are wounding the sailors with arrows = nautas [sagittis/cum sagittis] vulneramus
8.We are eating food with the messengers = cibum [nuntiis/cum nuntiis] consumimus
9.We are killing the bad men with swords = viros malos [gladiis/cum gladiis] necamus
10.We are escaping with our friends = [amicis/cum amicis] nostris effugimus
3.’in/into’
In + ablative = in/on In + accusative = into/onto
Easiest way to remember:
Object [accusative] endings: AM UM AS OS
ACC in aquam = into water in murum = into the wall in agros = into the fields in vias = onto the roads
ABL in aqua = in water in muro = in the wall in agris = in the fields in viis = on the roads
Circle the correct answer [use above for help]:
1.The girl is running in the water = puella [in aquam/in aqua] currit
2.The girl is running into the water = puella [in aquam/in aqua] currit
3.The boy is running into the wall = puer [in murum/in muro] currit
4.The boy is running on the wall = puer [in murum/in muro] currit
5.The horse is walking in the fields = equus [in agros/in agris] ambulat
6.The horse is walking into the fields = equus [in agros/in agris] ambulat
7.The men are hurrying onto the roads = viri [in vias/in viis] festinant
8.The men are hurrying on the roads = viri [in vias/in viis] festinant
9.Superman is flying into the sky = Supervir [in caelum/in caelo] volat
10.Superman is flying in the sky = Supervir [in caelum/in caelo] volat
Translate:
1.puella in insulam currit = _______________________________________________________________________
2.puella in insula manet = ________________________________________________________________________
3.puella in aqua manet = _________________________________________________________________________
4.regina in oppidum festinat = _____________________________________________________________________
5.regina in loco dormit = _________________________________________________________________________
6.regina in locum ambulat = _______________________________________________________________________
7.equus in agris stat = ____________________________________________________________________________
Prepositions – Level One
Prepositions + abl E/ex Out from Contra Against Trans AcrossA/ab From, by De Down from, about In Into, ontoCum With Prepositions + acc Per Through, alongIn In, on Ad Towards Prope Near
Usually these show you position. Examples in English:
Among With Near Towards From Across NearFar from
In On Under Above Before Over Into Onto ThroughAt
After By Against Around Along Down from In front of BehindWithout
Think of English prepositions to go with the pictures
Note some prepositions aren’t actually about position:
about on behalf of because of on account of after before
Pre-positions: 1. Position – usually tells you where something is
2. ‘Pre’ – comes BEFORE the noun
Fill in the gap with a sensible pre-position (in English)
The cat sat ________ the mat
The dog peed __________ the tree
The man jumped __________ the sea
The man hid __________ the table
The boy hid _____________ the fridge
The woman walked ________ her son
The girl was hit ______ a banana
The submarine went _________ the sea
Superman flew _________ the mountains
The parkour guy jumped __________ the wall
The rugby player ran _________ his opponent
The man walked ______________ the shops
Latin Prepositions - derivations
Prepositions + abl E/ex Out from Contra Against Trans AcrossA/ab From, by De Down from, about In Into, ontoCum With Prepositions + acc Per Through, alongIn In, on Ad Towards Prope Near
A lot of English words use Latin prepositions for some of their meaning. Join each Latin Preposition up to the word that comes from it, and to the right meaning.
sub advert Something that goes UNDER the sea
de submarine Something that you look TOWARDS
per contradict To go DOWN
ad descend To speak AGAINST someone else
contra Perspex A type of plastic that you look THROUGH
trans ejector seat A race ACROSS America
in TransAm A Latin case name that means FROM or BY
e, ex inject A seat that throws (-ject) you OUT of the car
a, ab Ablative To throw (-iect) IN
Ways to remember some of the prepositions:
Cum ‘cum’ WITH me Prope ‘Prop’e a ladder NEAR the window
Ad ‘Ad’ sugar TO coffee‘Ad’ x to y
Ab Mamma Mia is a song BY ‘Ab’ba
Trans ‘Trans’port carries stuff ACROSS countries
Ex ‘Ex’port carries stuff OUT OF a country
Per ‘Per’spex lets you see THROUGH a window
Contra ‘Contra’dict is to speak AGAINST what someone’s said
Latin prepositions in use
In Latin: 1. Every preposition goes before the noun
2. Every preposition is followed by an Accusative or an Ablative noun
A.Prepositions + ablative
Prepositions with ablative usually imply MOTION AWAY FROM or STAYING IN A PLACE
A/ab From, by In In, on E/ex Out from, out of De Down from, about Cum With
Singular Plural Singular PluralAblative Puell-a Puell-is Domin-o Domin-is
The cat sits ON THE WALL
On the wall: on = ____ + ablative
the wall (ablative) = MUR____
The cat comes OUT OF THE WATER
Out of the water: out of = __/____ + ablative
the water (ablative) = AQU____ = FELES ___ AQU_____ VENIT
The cat comes DOWN FROM THE WALL
Down from the wall: down from = ____ + ablative
the wall (ablative) = MUR_____ = FELES ______ MUR____ VENIT
The cat walks WITH THE MAN
With the man: with = ______ + ablative
The man (ablative) = VIR______ = FELES ______ VIR___ AMBULAT
The lion is chased BY THE COWS [vacca = cow]
By the cows: by = __/____ + ablative
The cows (ablative) = VACC____= FELES _____ VACC___ PETITUR
Circle the correct answer in each of the following:
1.out of the water = [ex aqua/in aqua/sub aqua] 6.with the sons = [cum filio/de filiis/cum filiis]
2.in the water = [sub aqua/de aqua/in aqua] 7.down from the wall = [e muro/a muro/de muro]
3.under the water = [sub aqua/in aqua/cum aqua] 8.about the allies = [de socio/cum sociis/de sociis]
4.from the island = [in insula/sub insula/ab insula] 9.on the wall = [in muris/in muros/in muro]
5.with the son = [de filio/cum filio/a filio] 10.by a cow = [a vaccis/a vacca/a vaccam]
Translate each of the sentences:
1.She stays in the water = ____ AQU____ MANET 3.She stays underwater = _____ AQU____ MANET
2.She sits on the wall = ____ MUR____ SEDET 4.She goes out of the water = _____ AQU____ IT
B.Prepositions + accusative
Prepositions with accusative usually imply MOTION TOWARDS
Ad Towards Contra Against In Into, onto Per Through, alongPrope Near Trans Across
Singular Plural Singular PluralAccusative Puell-am Puell-as Domin-um Domin-os
The cat runs TOWARDS THE RAT [rattus = rat]
Towards the rat: Towards = ____ + accusative
the rat (acc) = RATT____ = FELES ___ RATT____ CURRIT
The cat swims THROUGH THE WATER
Through the water: Through = _______ + accusative
the water (acc) + AQU____ = FELES _____ AQU____ NATAT
The cat is NEAR THE WATER
Near the water: Near = ________ + accusative
the water (acc) = AQU_____ = FELES ______ AQU____ EST
The cat fights AGAINST THE CHICKEN [pulla = chicken]
Against the chicken: Against = _________ + accusative
the chicken (acc) = PULL____ = FELES _______ PULL____ PUGNAT
The cat walks ACROSS THE ROAD
Across the road: Across = __________ + accusative
the road (acc) = VI______ = FELES _______ VI____ AMBULAT
The cat descends INTO THE WATER
Into the water: Into = ______ + accusative
the water (acc) = AQU_____ = FELES ____ AQU____ DESCENDIT
Circle the correct answer in each of the following:
1.into the water = [in aqua/in aquam/ad aquam] 6.across the road = [per viam/trans viam/ad viam]
2.onto the wall = [in muro/in muros/in murum] 7.towards land = [per terram/in terram/ad terram]
3.through the water = [trans aquam/in aquam/ad aquam] 8.along the road = [per viam/trans viam/ad viam]
4.towards the island = [ad insulam/in insulam/per insulam] 9.near the water = [in aquam/prope aquam/per aquam]
5.against the man = [prope virum/contra virum/ad virum] 10.against cows = [contra vaccas/ad vaccas/in vaccas]
Translate each of the sentences:
1.He walks towards the girl = ___ PUELL____ AMBULAT 3.He walks along the road = ______ VI____ AMBULAT
2.He walks towards the girls = ___ PUELL___ AMBULAT 4.He stands near the water = _______ AQU____ STAT
Form 6 Preposition Practice sentences
Prepositions + abl A/ab From, by Cum With In In, on E/ex Out fromDe Down from, about Prepositions + acc Ad Towards Contra Against In Into, ontoPer Through, along Prope Near Trans Across
Note: in + accusative = into/onto in + ablative = in/on
A.Circle the correct answer in each of the following:
1.The cat fights against the rat = feles [contra rattum/de ratto/prope rattum] pugnat
2.The cat sails away from the island = feles [de insula/ab insula/ad insulam] navigat
3.The cat sails towards the island = feles [de insula/ab insula/ad insulam] navigat
4.The man jumps out from the horse = vir [ab equo/ex equo/ad equum] desilit
5.The cat walks with the slave = feles [cum servo/a servo/per servum] ambulat
6.The men walk across the moon = viri [per lunam/trans lunam/in luna] ambulant
7.The mouse lives in the wall = mus [in muro/in murum/prope murum] habitat
8.The mouse runs into the wall = mus [in muro/in murum/prope murum] currit
B.Translate the following into English: 21
1.cum amico = __________________ 2.cum amicis = ___________________ 3.ad amicum = ____________________
4.ab amico = ___________________ 5.trans aquam = __________________ 6.per viam = ______________________
7.contra servum = ___________________ 8.de insula = __________________________
9.ex insula = __________________________ 10.ab insula = ______________________________
11.ad insulam = _________________ 12.prope aquam = ___________________ 13. ad aquam = ________________
14.trans aquam = _____________________ 15.contra socios = _______________________
16.in aqua = __________________ 17.in aquam = _________________ 18.per vias = __________________________
19.e patria = _________________________ 20.ab aqua = _________________ 21.cum servo = __________________
C.Translate the following into English: 20
1.nuntii per viam festinant = _______________________________________________________________________
2.nautae trans undas navigant = ____________________________________________________________________
3.incolae contra agricolas pugnant = _________________________________________________________________
4.regina e patria effugit = __________________________________________________________________________
5.socii ab insula navigant = _________________________________________________________________________
6.puella de terra alta ambulat = _____________________________________________________________________
7.regina de servis audit = __________________________________________________________________________
8.dominus prope servos stat = ______________________________________________________________________
9.servus ad filium festinat = ________________________________________________________________________
10.dominus cum amico venit = ______________________________________________________________________
11.regina ad amicum festinat = ____________________________________________________________________
FORM 6 ADJECTIVES
Step 1: adjectives in English
An adjective describes a noun. It gives you some detail about the noun.
The adjective comes before the noun, and it doesn’t change endings.
Circle the adjectives in the following group of words.
Banana Yesterday Enormous Smelly Lumps Brown OldPotatoes It
Laughed Slowly Yellow Tiny Blue Smurf Carrot Red KarateMountains Low Rocky Wet Desert Dry Ocean Sailed Quickly And
Old Baby Crazy Teacher Dances In The Rain Good Kick SavageRabbit Monkey
Fill in the adjectives in these famous phrases
1.Sam-I-Am, I do not like ______________ eggs and ham [Dr Seuss]
2.Keep ___________ and Carry On
3._______________________ Me [film]
4.Harry Potter and the ______________ Hallows [film]
5.Private ___________________ [book]
6.Spongebob ____________pants [TV]
7.______________ Adder goes Forth [TV]
8.______________ Park [TV]
9.___________________ Dad [TV]
10. ___________________ Family [TV]
11.__________________ Hippo [game]
12.Mr ______________ [book]
13.A Series of __________________ Events [book]
14._________________ Histories [book]
15.The ______________ Romans [book]
16.King Alfred the ______________ [history]
17.Gandalf the _______________ [LOTR]
18.The __________ Death [history]
19.The Boy in __________ Pyjamas [book/film]
20.___________ Henry [book]
Write some interesting adjectives in the following blanks:
1.The ___________ mouse sat on the ______________ cat
2.The _______________ elephant was scared of the _________________ rat
3.Are you scared of ____________________ mice?
4.The __________________ dog ran away from the __________________ cat
5.I like ____________________ hamburgers
6.The _________________ teacher was telling off the _________________ students
D. Write your own sentences using at least TWO adjectives each time.
1. _____________________________________________________________________________________________
2._____________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2: basic Latin adjectives
Learn the vocabulary
Latin English Ways to remember Latin English Ways to rememberAltus, a, um High, deep Altitude Novus, a, um New Novel, noveltyBonus, a, um Good Bonus, bonbons are good Parvus, a, um Small A small par-tyClarus, a, um Clear, bright, famous Clarity Perterritus, a, um Scared Per-terrifiedFessus, a, um Tired ‘I’m tired,’ he confessed Pulcher, ra, rum Beautiful PulchritudeIratus, a, um Angry Irate Romanus, a, um RomanLaetus, a, um Happy I’m not happy you’re laete
[late]Sacer, ra, rum Sacred Sac-red
Magnus, a, um Big Magnum, magnify Saevus, a, um Savage SaevageMalus, a, um Bad Ca va mal?, malign Suus, a, um His her its their Su [Sp], I’ll sue his dadMeus, a, um My It’s me [my] bike Tutus, a, um Safe Safe with a tutorMiser, era, erum Wretched Miserable Tuus, a, um Your (s) Tu You’re too [tu] goodMultus, a, um Many, much Multiply, multiple Validus, a, um Strong Opposite of invalidNoster, tra, trum Our Pater noster = our Father Vester, ra, rum Your (pl) Put on your vest
Don’t pick our nostrils Notus, a, um Well known Notable
1.Join each of these words to the correct derivation in English:
Altus, a, um Bonbon Measures your height/depthBonus, a, um Altimeter A good, good thing [French for a sweet]Magnus, a, um Maleficent To make biggerClarus, a, um Magnify Doing bad things [often used of witches]Malus, a, um Clarify Worthy of note, well-knownMiser, era, erum Notable To make clearMultus, a, um Novelty Prettiness, beautyNotus, nota, notum Miserable A new thingNovus, a, um Pulchritude Not strong, sometimes used of disabled peoplePulcher, chra, chrum Invalid To increase many timesValidus, a, um Multiply Not happy at all
2.Draw a picture for each of these Latin phrases.
Vir saevus = a savage man Puella parva = a small girl
Puer malus = a bad/evil boy Femina bona = the good woman
Basic rule:
ALL LATIN ADJECTIVES COME AFTER THE NOUN
Except – multus, magnus [size/quantity come before noun]
1.Put the right adjective in each space.
suus tuum fessi perterritus laeta miserum
saevi mei nostros mali sacrum bonum
1.The slave desires your food = servus cibum _______ cupit
2.His slave desires good food = servus ________ cibum _________ cupit
3.The fierce teachers attack the boys = magistri _________ pueros oppugnant
4.The tired boys fall asleep = pueri ____________ dormiunt
5.The scared teacher runs away = magister ______________ fugit
6.The happy girl helps the sad boy = puella _________ puerum _________ iuvat
7.My slaves catch our horses = servi ________ equos _________ capiunt
8.Bad men destroy the sacred temple = viri __________ templum __________ delent
2.Translate each of the following sentences. Notice where the adjective is each time.
1.dominus bonus servum laudat = _________________________________________________________________
2.dominus servum bonum laudat = _________________________________________________________________
3.regina bona ancillam laudat = ___________________________________________________________________
4.regina ancillam bonam laudat = __________________________________________________________________
5.servi parvi gladios tenent = _____________________________________________________________________
6.servi gladios parvos tenent = ____________________________________________________________________
7.equus novus cibum consumit = ____________________________________________________________________
8.equus cibum novum consumit = ___________________________________________________________________
9.viri perterriti puellas portant = ____________________________________________________________________
10.viri puellas perterritas portant = __________________________________________________________________
11.magistri saevi pueros terrent = ___________________________________________________________________
12.magistri pueros saevos terrent = _________________________________________________________________
13.filii mei hastas habent = _________________________________________________________________________
14.filii hastas meas habent = _______________________________________________________________________
15.deus iratus equum capit = _______________________________________________________________________
16.deus equum iratum capit = ______________________________________________________________________
17.viri mali servum necant = ________________________________________________________________________
18.viri servum malum necant = _____________________________________________________________________
Step 3: adjectives in French
ADJECTIVE AGREES WITH NOUN: NUMBER singular/plural
GENDER masculine/feminine
Part 1 basic adjective [masculine] grand un grand homme = a big man
Part 2 feminine + e grande une grande femme = a big woman
Part 3a plural [masculine] + s grands de grands hommes = big men
Part 3b plural feminine + e + s grandes de grandes femmes = big women
Use the correct version of ‘grand’ in each of these sentences.
1.A big horse = un ___________ cheval
2.Big horses = de ___________ chevaux
3.A big table = une _____________ table
4.Big tables = de ____________ tables
5.A big mouse = un ___________ souris
6.Big mice = de ______________ souris
7.A big cat = un ____________ chat
8.Big cats = de ______________ chats
9.A big girl = une ________________ fille
10.Big girls = de ______________ filles
Fill in each of these sentences with the right part of ‘petit’.
1.A small house = une ____________ maison
2.Small houses =de ______________ maisons
3.A small snail = un ____________ escargot
4.Small snails = de _______________ escargots
5.A small ostrich = une _____________ autruche
6.Small ostriches = de ______________ autruches
Step 4: adjectives in Latin – more advanced
ADJECTIVE AGREES WITH NOUN: NUMBER singular/plural
GENDER masculine/feminine/neuter
CASE NVAGDAb
e.g. I like the good slave:
SERVUM _________ AMO SERVUM is MASCULINE
SERVUM is SINGULAR
SERVUM is ACCUSATIVE
Using the table below we can see that we need ‘BONUM’. SERVUM BONUM AMO.
Singular PluralMasc Fem Neut Masc Fem Neut
Nom Bonus Bona Bonum Boni Bonae BonaVoc Bone Bona Bonum Boni Bonae BonaAcc Bonum Bonam Bonum Bonos Bonas BonaGen Boni Bonae Boni Bonorum Bonarum BonorumDat Bono Bonae Bono Bonis Bonis BonisAbl Bono Bona Bono Bonis Bonis Bonis
Singular PluralMasc Fem Neut Masc Fem Neut
Nom Bonus Bona Bonum Boni Bonae BonaVoc Bone Bona Bonum Boni Bonae BonaAcc Bonum Bonam Bonum Bonos Bonas BonaGen Boni Bonae Boni Bonorum Bonarum BonorumDat Bono Bonae Bono Bonis Bonis BonisAbl Bono Bona Bono Bonis Bonis Bonis
The table above looks really complicated.
But look closely.
You have already learned all the endings.
BONUS = masculine = goes exactly like SERVUS.
BONA = feminine = goes exactly like PUELLA.
BONUM = neuter = goes exactly like BELLUM.
Work out the correct part of the adjective:
1.The good slave is working = SERVUS BON_______ LABORAT
SERVUS = masculine singular nominative
‘good’ = masculine singular nominative = BON________
2.The good boys are working = PUERI BON____ LABORANT
PUERI = masculine plural nominative
‘good’ = masculine plural nominative = BON_________
3.We help the good girl = PUELLAM BON_____ IUVAMUS
PUELLAM = feminine singular accusative
‘good’ = feminine singular accusative = BON_________
4.We are drinking good wines = VINA BON____ BIBIMUS
VINA = neuter plural accusative
‘good’ = neuter plural accusative = BON__________
5.I am sitting in the good wine = IN VINO BON_____ SEDEO
IN VINO = neuter singular ablative
‘good’ = neuter singular ablative = BON___________
NOTICE THE ADJECTIVE OFTEN RHYMES WITH THE NOUN
Singular PluralMasc Fem Neut Masc Fem Neut
Nom Bonus Bona Bonum Boni Bonae BonaVoc Bone Bona Bonum Boni Bonae BonaAcc Bonum Bonam Bonum Bonos Bonas BonaGen Boni Bonae Boni Bonorum Bonarum BonorumDat Bono Bonae Bono Bonis Bonis BonisAbl Bono Bona Bono Bonis Bonis Bonis
1.The teachers praise the good boys = MAGISTRI PUEROS BON_____ LAUDANT
PUEROS = masculine plural accusative
‘good’ = masculine plural accusative = BON__________
2.We are giving food to the good slaves = CIBUM SERVIS BON______ DAMUS
SERVIS = masculine plural dative
‘good’ = masculine plural dative = BON___________
3.The Romans are building good temples = ROMANI TEMPLA BON_____ AEDIFICANT
TEMPLA = neuter plural accusative
‘good’ = neuter plural accusative = BON____________
4.I have a large number of good swords = MAGNUM NUMERUM GLADIORUM BON_____ HABEO
GLADIORUM = masculine plural genitive
‘good’ = masculine plural genitive = BON____________
5.The good girls help the boys = PUELLAE BON_____ PUEROS IUVANT
PUELLAE = feminine plural nominative
‘good’ = feminine plural nominative = BON____________
Beware NAUTA, AGRICOLA, POETA, INCOLA: girly endings but they’re MASCULINE
5.The queen praises the good sailors = REGINAM NAUTAS BON_____ LAUDAT
NAUTAS = masculine plural accusative
‘good’ = masculine plural accusative = BON_______
6.The good farmers are eating food = AGRICOLAE BON____ CIBUM CONSUMUNT
AGRICOLAE = masculine plural nominative
‘good’ = masculine plural nominative = BON________
Remember ALL ADJECTIVES FOLLOW THE NOUN except MULTUS & MAGNUS
Latin English Ways to remember Latin English Ways to rememberAltus, a, um High, deep Altitude Novus, a, um New Novel, noveltyBonus, a, um Good Bonus, bonbons are good Parvus, a, um Small A small par-tyClarus, a, um Clear, bright, famous Clarity Perterritus, a, um Scared Per-terrifiedFessus, a, um Tired ‘I’m tired,’ he confessed Pulcher, ra, rum Beautiful PulchritudeIratus, a, um Angry Irate Romanus, a, um RomanLaetus, a, um Happy I’m not happy you’re laete
[late]Sacer, ra, rum Sacred Sac-red
Magnus, a, um Big Magnum, magnify Saevus, a, um Savage SaevageMalus, a, um Bad Ca va mal?, malign Suus, a, um His her its their Su [Sp], I’ll sue his dadMeus, a, um My It’s me [my] bike Tutus, a, um Safe Safe with a tutorMiser, era, erum Wretched Miserable Tuus, a, um Your (s) Tu You’re too [tu] goodMultus, a, um Many, much Multiply, multiple Validus, a, um Strong Opposite of invalidNoster, tra, trum Our Pater noster = our Father Vester, ra, rum Your (pl) Put on your vest
Don’t pick our nostrils Notus, a, um Well known Notable
Circle the correct answers. Use the table on the previous page
1.The good slave helps the tired master = servus [bonus/malus/fessus] dominum [bonum/malum/fessum] iuvat
2.The good master helps the tired slave = dominus [bonus/bonum/bono] servum [bonus/bonum/bono] iuvat
3.The bad men kill the small horses = viri [mali/malos/malas] equos [parvi/parvos/parvas] necant
4.The small boys fear the big women = pueri [parvi/parvae/parva] [magnas/magnos/magna] feminas timent
5.Many women attack the bad queens = [multi/multae/multus] feminae reginas [malas/malos/malus] oppugnant
6.Many slaves attack the bad messengers = [multi/multae/multus] servi nuntios [malas/malos/malis] oppugnant
7.Many sailors attack the bad sailors = [multi/multae/multus] agricolae nautas [malas/malos/malus] oppugnant
8.The bad poets fear the angry inhabitants = poetae [malae/mali/malo] incolas [iratas/iratos/irato] timent
Fill in the blanks. Use the table on the previous page
1.The famous queen fears the savage men = REGINA __________ VIROS _____________ TIMET
2.The well known teacher loves the pretty woman = MAGISTER ____________ FEMINAM ______________ AMAT
3.My slaves are beating your [s] slaves = SERVI ___________ SERVOS ___________ SUPERANT
4.The tired horses inhabit a small island = EQUI ___________ INSULAM ______________ HABITANT
5.The wretched boy holds a big sword = PUER ___________ ____________ GLADIUM TENET
6.The scared men run into the sacred temple = VIRI ______________ IN TEMPLUM ____________ CURRUNT
7.Your [pl] teacher scares our boys = MAGISTER ___________ PUEROS _______________ TERRET
8.The strong master breaks his spear = DOMINUS ____________ HASTAM ____________ FRANGIT
9.I am building many sacred temples = _____________ TEMPLA _______________ AEDIFICO
10.The girl is happy because she is safe = PUELLA _____________ EST QUOD _______________ EST
11.The pretty girls are playing with a big ball = PUELLAE ____________ ___________ SACCO LUDUNT
12.The angry girls attack the bad maidservants = PUELLAE _____________ ANCILLAS _____________ OPPUGNANT
13.The angry slaves attack the bad masters = SERVI ____________ DOMINOS _____________ OPPUGNANT
14.The angry farmers attack the bad sailors = AGRICOLAE ____________ NAUTAS _____________ OPPUGNANT
MISER and other –ER adjectives
Normal adjectives like BONUS, BONA, BONUM go like this:
Singular PluralMasc Fem Neut Masc Fem Neut
Nom Bonus Bona Bonum Boni Bonae BonaVoc Bone Bona Bonum Boni Bonae BonaAcc Bonum Bonam Bonum Bonos Bonas BonaGen Boni Bonae Boni Bonorum Bonarum BonorumDat Bono Bonae Bono Bonis Bonis BonisAbl Bono Bona Bono Bonis Bonis Bonis
A few adjectives go ‘ER…’ to start with.
They soon go back to normal.
They are only odd in the top left corner [masc nom + voc].
Some keep the –er: miser, misera, miserum [sad, wretched]
Singular PluralMasc Fem Neut Masc Fem Neut
Nom Miser Misera Miserum Miseri Miserae MiseraVoc Miser Misera Miserum Miseri Miserae MiseraAcc Miserum Miseram Miserum Miseros Miseras MiseraGen Miseri Miserae Miseri Miserorum Miserarum MiserorumDat Misero Miserae Misero Miseris Miseris MiserisAbl Misero Misera Misero Miseris Miseris Miseris
Some drop the –er: pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum [pretty] – noster, nostra, nostrum [our]
vester, vestra, vestrum [your] – sacer, sacra, sacrum [sacred]
Singular Plural
Masc Fem Neut Masc Fem NeutNom Pulcher Pulchra Pulchrum Pulchri Pulchrae PulchraVoc Pulcher Pulchra Pulchrum Pulchri Pulchrae PulchraAcc Pulchrum Pulchram Pulchrum Pulchros Pulchras PulchraGen Pulchri Pulchrae Pulchri Pulchrorum Pulchrarum PulchrorumDat Pulchro Pulchrae Pulchro Pulchris Pulchris PulchrisAbl Pulchro Pulchra Pulchro Pulchris Pulchris Pulchris
Fill in the blanks with the correct ending of the adjective:
1.The sacred cow sees the pretty woman = vacca sac______ feminam pulc_______ videt
2.Our son is helping the wretched slave = filius nos_____ servum mis________ iuvat
3.Your slave loves pretty women = servus ves______ feminas pulch________ amat
4.The wretched slave praises the sacred cow = servus mis____ vaccam sac_______ laudat
5.The handsome man loves the sacred goddess = vir pulch_____ deam sac______ amat
6.Our friend is saving your slave = amicus nos________ servum vest_____ servat
F6_adjectives_L1
Across2. miser3. parvus10. tuus11. notus13. validus15. laetus
16. meus17. novus18. fessus19. Romanus20. sacer21. magnus22. bonus
Down1. pulcher4. multus5. clarus6. perterritus7. altus8. iratus
9. suus12. tutus14. noster20. saevus21. malus
LEVEL ONE Adjectives Nouns 1 Feminine Unus One Rogo I askAltus, a, um High, deep Ancilla Maidservant Duo Two Specto I watchBonus, a, um Good Aqua Water Tres Three Sto I stand
Clarus Clear, bright, famous Dea Goddess Quattuor Four Supero I overcomeFessus, a, um Tired Femina Woman Quinque Five Voco I callIratus, a, um Angry Filia Daughter Sex Six 2 Deleo I destroyLaetus, a, um Happy Hasta Spear Septem Seven Habeo I haveMagnus, a, um Big Insula Island Octo Éight Iubeo I orderMalus, a, um Bad Ira Anger Novem Nine Maneo I remainMeus, a, um My Patria Native land Decem Ten Moneo I warnMiser, era, erum Wretched Pecunia Money Numbers Ordinal Moveo I moveMultus, a, um Many Puella Girl Primus First Respondeo I answerNoster, tra, trum Our Regina Queen Secundus Second Rideo I laughNotus, a, um Well known Sagitta Arrow Tertius Third Teneo I holdNovus, a, um New Terra Land Quartus Fourth Terreo I frightenParvus, a, um Small Turba Crowd Quintus Fifth Timeo I fearPerterritus, a, um Scared Unda Wave Sextus sixth Video I seePulcher, ra, rum Beautiful Via Way, street Septimus Seventh 3 Bibo I drinkRomanus, a, um Roman *Agricola m. Farmer Octavus Eighth Constituo I decideSacer, ra, rum Sacred *Incola m/f. Inhabitant Nonus Ninth Consumo I eatSaevus, a, um Savage *Nauta m. Sailor Decimus Tenth Curro I runSuus, a, um His her their *Poeta m. Poet Particles Dico I sayTutus, a, um Safe Nouns 2 Masculine Etiam Also, even Discedo I departTuus, a, um Your (s) Ager Field Prepositions + abl Duco I leadValidus, a, um Strong Amicus Friend A/ab From, by Lego I read, chooseVester, ra, rum Your (pl) Cibus Food Cum With Ludo I playAdverbs Deus God In In, on Mitto I sendBene Well Dominus Master E/ex Out from Ostendo I showDeinde Then. Next Equus Horse De Down from, about Pono I putDiu For a long time Filius Son Prepositions + acc Rego I ruleFortiter Bravely Gladius Sword Ad Towards Scribo I writeHic Here Liber Book Contra Against 4 Audio I hearIam Now, already Locus Place In Into, onto Dormio I sleepIbi There Magister Teacher, Master Per Through, along Venio I comeIterum Again Murus Wall Prope Near 3.5 Capio I takeMagnopere Greatly Nuntius Messenger Trans Across Cupio I desireMox Soon Puer Boy Verbs Facio I make, doNon Not Servus Slave 1 Aedifico I build Iacio I throwNumquam Never Socius Ally Ambulo I walk *Absum I am awayOlim Once Ventus Wind Amo I love *Adsum I am presentSaepe Often Vir Man Canto I sing *Sum I amSemper Always Nouns 2 Neuter Clamo I shout PronounsSic Thus Aurum Gold Do I give Ego/me I/meStatim Immediately Auxilium Help Festino I hurry Tu/te You (s)Subito Suddenly Bellum War Habito I live Nos We/usTamen However Caelum Sky Intro I enter, go in Vos You (pl)Tandem At last Oppidum Town Laboro I work Question WordsConjunctions Periculum Danger Laudo I praise Cur? Why?Et And Proelium Battle Navigo I sail -ne? = ‘?’Igitur Therefore Scutum Shield Neco I kill Quid? What?Itaque And so Templum Temple Oppugno I attack Quis? Who?Quod Because Verbum Word Paro I prepare Ubi? Where?Sed But Vinum Wine Porto I carryUbi When Numbers Cardinal Pugno I fightO/M, S, T, MUS, TIS, NT ERAM I was -RE To… NOMINATIVE, VOCATIVEI, ISTI, IT, IMUS, ISTIS, ERUNT AM-A(TE), MON-E(TE), REG-E AMAVI, DELEVI, AUDIVI, ACCUSATIVE, GENITIVE-BAM I was …ing (-ITE), AUD-I(TE), CAP-E (-ITE) MONUI, REXI (REGSI), CEPI DATIVE, ABLATIVE